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| Balinese script ᬅᬓ᭄ᬱᬭᬩᬮᬶ | |
|---|---|
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| Script type | |
Period | 914 CE – present |
| Direction | Left-to-right  |
| Languages | Balinese Old Javanese Sanskrit Sasaknese Malay (includingIndonesian) Balinese Malay |
| Related scripts | |
Parent systems | |
Sister systems | Batak Baybayin scripts Javanese Lontara Makasar Old Sundanese Rencong Rejang Sasak script |
| ISO 15924 | |
| ISO 15924 | Bali(360), Balinese |
| Unicode | |
Unicode alias | Balinese |
| U+1B00–U+1B7F | |
| This article containsphonetic transcriptions in theInternational Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, seeHelp:IPA. For the distinction between[ ],/ / and ⟨ ⟩, seeIPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters. | |
| Part of a series on | |
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| Writing systems used in Indonesia | |
| Abugida (Brahmic) | |
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| Others | |
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TheBalinese script, (Balinese: ᬅᬓ᭄ᬱᬭᬩᬮᬶ,Aksara Bali,pronounced[ʔaksaɾə ˈbali]) also known ashanacaraka (Balinese:ᬳᬦᬘᬭᬓ), is anabugida used in the island ofBali,Indonesia, commonly for writing theAustronesianBalinese language,Old Javanese,Malay[1] and theliturgical languageSanskrit. With some modifications, the script is also used to write theSasak language, used in the neighboring island ofLombok.[2] In the present day it is also sometimes used to write the national languageIndonesian.
The script is a descendant of theBrahmi script, and so has many similarities with the modern scripts of South and Southeast Asia. The Balinese script, along with theJavanese script, is considered the most elaborate and ornate among Brahmic scripts of Southeast Asia.[3]
Though everyday use of the script has largely been supplanted by theLatin alphabet, the Balinese script has a significant prevalence in many of the island's traditional ceremonies and is strongly associated with theHindu religion. The script is mainly used today for copyinglontar orpalm leaf manuscripts containing religious texts.[3][4]
| Brahmic scripts |
|---|
| TheBrahmi script and its descendants |
TheBelanjong pillar, also Blanjong pillar or Blanjong inscription (Indonesian: Prasasti Blanjong,Balinese: ᬧ᭄ᬭᬰᬵᬲ᭄ᬢᬶᬩ᭄ᬮᬜ᭄ᬚᭀᬂ), is a pillar established in 914 CE in the harbour of Belanjong, in the southern area ofSanur inBali. This is the earliest evidence of Balinese literary script and language.[5]
The inscription is written in both the IndianSanskrit language andOld Balinese language, using two scripts, theNagari script and the Old Balinese script (which is used to write both Balinese and Sanskrit).[6] The Old Balinese in pre-Nagari script is on one side of the pillar, while the Sanskrit inscription in Pallava-derived old Javanese script (also calledKawi script)[7] is on the other side.[8]
The pillar is dated according to the IndianShaka era, on the seventh day of the waxing half ('saptāmyāṁ sita') of the month Phalguna of theŚaka year 835, which corresponds to 4 February 914 CE as calculated by Louis-Charles Damais.[9][10]
There are 47 letters in the Balinese script, each representing a syllable with inherent vowel/a/ or/ə/ at the end of a sentence, which changes depending on thediacritics around the letter. PureBalinese can be written with 18 consonant letters and 9 vowel letters, whileSanskrit transliteration or loan words from Sanskrit andOld Javanese utilizes the full set. A set of modified letters are also used for writing theSasak language. Each consonant has a conjunct form calledgantungan which nullifies the inherent vowel of the previous syllable.[11][12]
Punctuation includes a comma, period, colon, as well as marks to introduce and end section of a text. Musical notation uses letter-like symbols and diacritical marks in order to indicate pitch information. Text are written left to right without word boundaries (Scriptio continua).[2]
There is also a set of "holy letters" calledaksara modre which appears in religious texts and protective talismans. Most of them are constructed using diacriticulu candra with corresponding characters. A number of additional characters, known to be used inline in text (as opposed to decoratively on drawings), remains under study and those characters are expected to be proposed as Balinese extensions in due course.[2]
A basic letter in Balinese is calledaksara (ᬅᬓ᭄ᬱᬭ), and each letter stands for a syllable with inherent vowel /a/.
Consonants are calledwianjana (ᬯ᭄ᬬᬜ᭄ᬚᬦ) oraksara wianjana (ᬅᬓ᭄ᬱᬭᬯ᭄ᬬᬜ᭄ᬚᬦ). Balinese script has 33 consonants, of which only 18 calledwreṣāstra (ᬯᬺᬱᬵᬲ᭄ᬢ᭄ᬭ) are used for writing basic vocabulary in Balinese language. The other 15, known assualalita (ᬰ᭄ᬯᬮᬮᬶᬢ), are mainly used for writingSanskrit andKawi loanwords in Balinese language. The consonants can be arranged intoSanskrit order andhanacaraka traditional order.
| Unvoiced | Voiced | Nasal | Semivowel | Sibilant | Fricative | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unaspirated | Aspirated | Unaspirated | Aspirated | |||||
| Velar | ka ᬓ IPA:[ka] kya | kha ᬔ IPA:[kʰa] ka mahaprana | ga ᬕ IPA:[ɡa] gya | gha ᬖ IPA:[ɡʱa] ga gora | nga ᬗ IPA:[ŋa] nga | ha ᬳ IPA:[ha] | ||
| Palatal | ca ᬘ IPA:[tʃa] ca murca | cha ᬙ IPA:[tʃʰa] ca laca | ja ᬚ IPA:[dʒa] ja kujant | jha ᬛ IPA:[dʒʱa] ja jera | nya ᬜ IPA:[ɲa] | ya ᬬ IPA:[ja] | śa ᬰ IPA:[ɕa] sa saga | |
| Retroflex | ṭa ᬝ IPA:[ʈa] ta latik | ṭha ᬞ IPA:[ʈʰa] ta latik mahaprana | ḍa ᬟ IPA:[ɖa] da dadu | ḍha ᬠ IPA:[ɖʱa] da dadu mahaprana | ṇa ᬡ IPA:[ɳa] na rambat | ra ᬭ IPA:[ra] | ṣa ᬱ IPA:[ʂa] | |
| Dental | ta ᬢ IPA:[t̪a] | tha ᬣ IPA:[t̪ʰa] ta tawa | da ᬤ IPA:[d̪a] | dha ᬥ IPA:[d̪ʱa] da lindung | na ᬦ IPA:[n̪a] na kojong | la ᬮ IPA:[l̪a] | sa ᬲ IPA:[sa] sa danti | |
| Labial | pa ᬧ IPA:[pa] | pha ᬨ IPA:[pʰa] pa kapal | ba ᬩ IPA:[ba] | bha ᬪ IPA:[bʱa] ba kembang | ma ᬫ IPA:[ma] | wa ᬯ IPA:[wa] | ||
The modern Balinese languages does not make use of the whole inventory of consonants inherited from Sanskrit. The 18 consonants used in Balinese (Balinese:ᬅᬓ᭄ᬱᬭᬯᬺᬱᬵᬲ᭄ᬢ᭄ᬭ,romanized: aksara wreṣāstra) are traditionally arranged following the Javanesehanacaraka sequence, in which 20 letters form a four-linepangram narrating the myth ofAji Saka. The remaining consonants (Balinese:ᬅᬓ᭄ᬱᬭᬰ᭄ᬯᬮᬮᬶᬢ,romanized: aksara sualalita) are used in Sanskrit transcription.
ha ᬳ | na ᬦ | ca ᬘ | ra ᬭ | ka ᬓ | Javanese:ꦲꦤꦕꦫꦏ,romanized: hana caraka,lit. 'There were (two) emissaries.' |
da ᬤ | ta ᬢ | sa ᬲ | wa ᬯ | la ᬮ | Javanese:ꦢꦠꦱꦮꦭ,romanized: data sawala,lit. 'They began to fight.' |
ma ᬫ | ga ᬕ | ba ᬩ | ṅa ᬗ | ||
pa ᬧ | ja ᬚ | ya ᬬ | nya ᬜ |
ᬓ ◌᭄ᬓ ka | ᬔ ◌᭄ᬔ kha | ᬕ ◌᭄ᬕ ga | ᬖ ◌᭄ᬖ gha | ᬗ ◌᭄ᬗ nga | ᬳ ◌᭄ᬳ ha | ||
ᬘ ◌᭄ᬘ ca | ᬙ ◌᭄ᬙ cha | ᬚ ◌᭄ᬚ ja | ᬛ ◌᭄ᬛ jha | ᬜ ◌᭄ᬜ nya | ᬬ ◌᭄ᬬ ya | ᬰ ◌᭄ᬰ śa | |
ᬝ ◌᭄ᬝ ṭa | ᬞ ◌᭄ᬞ ṭha | ᬟ ◌᭄ᬟ ḍa | ᬠ ◌᭄ᬠ ḍha | ᬡ ◌᭄ᬡ ṇa | ᬭ ◌᭄ᬭ ra | ᬱ ◌᭄ᬱ ṣa | |
ᬢ ◌᭄ᬢ ta | ᬣ ◌᭄ᬣ tha | ᬤ ◌᭄ᬤ da | ᬥ ◌᭄ᬥ dha | ᬦ ◌᭄ᬦ na | ᬮ ◌᭄ᬮ la | ᬲ ◌᭄ᬲ sa | |
ᬧ ◌᭄ᬧ pa | ᬨ ◌᭄ᬨ pha | ᬩ ◌᭄ᬩ ba | ᬪ ◌᭄ᬪ bha | ᬫ ◌᭄ᬫ ma | ᬯ ◌᭄ᬯ wa |
As in other members of theBrahmic family, consonant clusters are written cursively, by combining a consonant an appended letter (Balinese:ᬕᬦ᭄ᬢᬸᬗᬦ᭄,romanized: gantungan) or attached letter (ᬕᬾᬫ᭄ᬧᬾᬮᬦ᭄,gempelan). For example,⟨ᬦ᭄ᬤ⟩, a⟨ᬦ, na⟩ appended with⟨◌᭄ᬤ, da⟩ is pronounced [nda]. Each consonant letter has a correspondinggantungan orgempelan.
A consonant may be marked with both agantungan orgempelan and a vowel diacritic (pangangge), but attaching two or moregantungan to one letter is forbidden. When three consonants occur together, vowel-killer (adeg-adeg) may be used in the middle of a word. For example, in the wordᬢᬫ᭄ᬩ᭄ᬮᬂ,temblang, the consonant clustermbl is spelled⟨ᬫ + ◌᭄ + ᬩ + ◌᭄ᬮ⟩.[14]
For a few letters,⟨ᬧ, pa⟩,⟨ᬨ, pha⟩,⟨ᬲ, sa⟩ and⟨ᬰ, ṣa⟩ adding agantungan orgempelan also eliminates the letter's inherent vowel[a].
Vowels, calledsuara (ᬲ᭄ᬯᬭ) oraksara suara (ᬅᬓ᭄ᬱᬭᬲ᭄ᬯᬭ), can be written as independent letters when vowels appear in initial position.
a kara ᬅ a IPA:[a] | i kara ᬇ i IPA:[i] | ra repa ᬋ ṛ IPA:[ɹ̩] | la lenga ᬍ ḷ IPA:[l̩] | u kara ᬉ u IPA:[u] | e kara ᬏ e | o kara ᬑ o |
a kara ᬆ ā IPA:[ɑː] | i kara ᬈ ī IPA:[iː] | ra repa ᬌ ṝ IPA:[ɹ̩ː] | la lenga ᬎ ḹ IPA:[l̩ː] | u kara ᬊ ū IPA:[uː] | airsanya ᬐ ai IPA:[aːi] | o kara ᬒ au IPA:[aːu] |
Diacritics (Balinese:ᬧᬗ᭢ᬗ᭄ᬕpangangge (ᬧᬗ᭢ᬗ᭄ᬕ) are symbols that cannot stand by themselves. When they are attached to the independent letters, they affect the pronunciation. The three types of diacritics arepangangge suara,pangangge tengenan, andpangangge aksara.
Vowel diacritics (Balinese:ᬧᬗ᭢ᬗ᭄ᬕᬲ᭄ᬯᬭ,romanized: pangangge suara) change the inherent vowel of a consonant letter. For example, the letter⟨ᬦ, na⟩ plus⟨◌ᬶ, ulu⟩ becomes⟨, ni⟩.
pepet ◌ᭂ e, ê, ě IPA:[ə] | tedung ◌ᬵ ā IPA:[ɑː] | ulu ◌ᬶ i IPA:[i] | ulu sari ◌ᬷ ī IPA:[iː] | suku ◌ᬸ u IPA:[u] | suku ilut ◌ᬹ ū IPA:[uː] | taling ◌ᬾ e, é | taling detya ◌ᬿ ai IPA:[aːi] | taling tedung ◌ᭀ o | taling detya matedun ◌ᭁ au IPA:[aːu] |
ᬓᭂ ke, kê, kě | ᬓᬵ kā | ᬓᬶ ki | ᬓᬷ kī | ᬓᬸ ku | ᬓᬹ kū | ᬓᬾ ke, ké | ᬓᬿ kai | ᬓᭀ ko | ᬓᭁ kau |
Pangangge tengenan (ᬧᬗ᭢ᬗ᭄ᬕᬢᭂᬗᭂᬦᬦ᭄), exceptadeg-adeg, adds a final consonant to a syllable. It can be used together withpangangge suara. For example, the letterᬦ (na) withbisah (◌ᬄ) becomesᬦᬄ (nah);ᬓ (ka) withsuku (◌ᬸ) andsurang (◌ᬃ) becomesᬓᬸᬃ (kur). Compared toDevanagari,bisah is analogous tovisarga,cecek toanusvara, andadeg-adeg tovirama.
Adeg-adeg iszero vowel diacritics as in otherBrahmic scripts in Balinese script.Adeg-adeg, asvirama inDevanagari, suppress theinherent vowel/a/ in the consonant letter.Adeg-adeg is used on impossibility of gantungan and gempelan usage such as succeeded by punctuation marks, attachment of two or more gantungan to one letter (tumpuk telu, lit. three layers), preservation of combination (watek ksatriya,ᬯᬢᭂᬓ᭄ᬓ᭄ᬱᬢ᭄ᬭᬶᬬ rather thanᬯᬢᭂᬓ᭄ᬓ᭄ᬱᬢ᭄ᬭᬶᬬ) and disambiguation.[15]
| Pangangge tengenan ᬧᬗ᭢ᬗ᭄ᬕᬢᭂᬗᭂᬦᬦ᭄ | ||||
| Balinese script | IPA | Translit. | Name | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 | ◌ᬄ | [h] | h | Bisah |
 | ◌ᬃ | [r] | r | Surang |
 | ◌ᬂ | [ŋ] | ng | Cecek |
 | ◌᭄ | [∅] | Adeg-adeg | |
Pangangge aksara (ᬧᬗ᭢ᬗ᭄ᬕᬅᬓ᭄ᬱᬭ) is appended below consonant letters.Pangangge aksara are the appended (gantungan) forms of theardhasuara (semivowel) consonants.Guwung macelek is the appended form of the vowelra repa (ᬋ).
| Pangangge aksara ᬧᬗ᭢ᬗ᭄ᬕᬅᬓ᭄ᬱᬭ | ||||
| Balinese script | IPA | Translit. | Name | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 | ◌᭄ᬭ | [ra] | ra | Cakra Guwung |
 | ◌ᬺ | [rə] | rě | Guwung macelek |
 | ◌᭄ᬯ | [ʋa] | ua | Suku kembung |
 | ◌᭄ᬬ | [ja] | ia | Nania |
Balinese numerals are written in the same manner asArabic numerals. For example, 25 is written with the Balinese numbers 2 and 5.
0 ᭐ bindu, windu | 1 ᭑ siki, besik | 2 ᭒ kalih, dua | 3 ᭓ tiki, telu | 4 ᭔ papat | 5 ᭕ lima | 6 ᭖ nem | 7 ᭗ pitu | 8 ᭘ kutus | 9 ᭙ sanga, sia |
If the number is written in the middle of a text,carik has to be written before and after the number to differentiate it from the text. Below is an example of how a date is written using Balinese numerals (date: 1 July 1982, location: Bali):
| Balinese script | Transliteration |
|---|---|
 ᬩᬮᬶ᭞᭑᭞ᬚᬸᬮᬶ᭞᭑᭙᭘᭒᭟ | Bali, 1 Juli 1982. |
There are some special symbols in the Balinese script. Some of them are punctuation marks, and the others are religious symbols. The symbols are described in the following list:
| Symbol | Symbol | Name | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
 | ᭞ | Carik Carik Siki | Written in the middle of a sentence, like acomma (,). Also, written surrounding numerals to differentiate them from the text. |
 | ᭟ | Carik Kalih Carik Pareren | Written at the end of a sentence, like afull stop (.). |
 | ᭝ | Carik pamungkah | Functions like acolon (:). |
 | ᭟᭜᭟ | Pasalinan | Used at the end of a prose, letter, or verse. |
 | ᭚ | Panten orPanti | Used at the beginning of a prose, letter, or verse. |
 | ᭛ | Pamada | Used at the beginning of religious texts. This symbol is aligature of the lettersma,nga,ja, andpa, forming the wordmangajapa, which roughly means "praying for safety". |
 | ᬒᬁ | Ongkara | Sacred symbol ofHinduism. This symbol is pronounced "Ong" or "Om". |
Balinese have many loanwords fromSanskrit andOld Javanese. In general, the Balinese orthography in Balinese script preserve the original orthography. The preservation of original orthography result on several rules:
Assimilation in Balinese occurs within the conjuncts/consonant clusters. Balinese script represents assimilation occurred, however Latin script sometimes may not represent this. In general,alveolar consonants are assimilated intopalatal,retroflex orlabial. There are more specific descriptions in assimilation combination:[16]
Liquid consonant,ᬭ [r] andᬮ [l], may not be combined with◌ᭂ (pepet,schwa) [ə] asᬭᭂ andᬮᭂ. These combination, rě [rə] and lě [lə], should be written asᬋ (re repa) andᬍ (le lenga). Wordkěrěng (lit. eat a lot) andlekad are written asᬓᭂᬋᬂ andᬍᬓᬤ᭄. While combination of◌᭄ᬮ (gantungan [l]) and◌ᭂ (pepet) is possible as inᬩᬼᬕᬜ᭄ᬚᬸᬃ (bleganjur), combination of◌᭄ᬭ (cakra organtungan [r]) and◌ᭂpepet is not allowed. If the combination follows a word which ends in a consonant,◌᭄ᬋ (gempelan re repa) may be used as inᬧᬓ᭄ᬋᬋᬄ (Pak Rěrěh, Mr. Rěrěh). If the combination is in a word,◌ᬺ (guwung macelek) may be used instead as inᬓᬺᬱ᭄ᬡ (Krěsna,Krishna).[16][17]
Latin script transliteration into Balinese script is based onphonetics. As vocabulary expands, foreign sounds are introduced and have no equivalent on Balinese script. In general, transliteration of foreign sounds is shown as below.[18]
| Sound | Balinese letter | Example | Balinese Script |
|---|---|---|---|
| [f] | ᬧ | telephone | ᬢᬾᬮᬾᬧᭀᬦ᭄,telepon |
| [v] | ᬧ | vitamine | ᬧᬶᬢᬫᬶᬦ᭄,pitamin |
| [z] | ᬚ | ||
| [z] | ᬲ | ijaza | ᬳᬶᬚᬲᬄ,ijasah |
TheSasak language, spoken inLombok Island east of Bali, is related to Balinese, is written in a version of the Balinese script known asAksara Sasak, which is influenced by theJavanese script[19] and is given additional characters for loanwords of foreign origin.
| Sasak letter | Name[19] | IPA[19] | Derived from | Javanese equivalent | Arabic equivalent |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ᭅ | qaf | [q~k~ʔ] | ᬓ | ꦐ | ق |
| ᭆ | xot | [x] | ᬓ+ᬳ | ꦏ꦳ | خ |
| ᭇ | tsir | [ts] | ᬢ | ? | ث |
| ᭈ | ef | [f] | ᬧ | ꦥ꦳ | ف |
| ᭉ | ve | [v] | ᬯ | ꦮ꦳ | ۏ |
| ᭊ | zal | [z] | ᬲ | ꦗ꦳ | ز |
| ᭋ | asyura | [ʃ] | ᬲ+ᬬ | ꦱ꦳ | ش |
There are some fonts for Balinese script as of 2016. Bali Simbar, Bali Galang, JG Aksara Bali, Aksara Bali, Tantular Bali, Lilitan, Geguratan and Noto Sans Balinese are some fonts that included Balinese script. The fonts have different degree of compatibility each other, and most contain critical flaws.[20]
Bali Simbar is first font for Balinese script by I Made Suatjana Dipl Ing at 1999.[21] Bali Simbar is not compatible for Mac-OS and Unicode.[21][20]JG Aksara Bali, was designed by Jason Glavy, has over 1400 Balinese glyphs, including a huge selection of precomposed glyph clusters.[20] The latest version of JG Aksara Bali was released on 2003, thus has no compatibility with Unicode.[20] Bali Simbar and JG Aksara Bali, in particular, may cause conflicts with other writing systems, as the font uses code points from other writing systems to complement Balinese's extensive repertoire as Balinese script was not included in Unicode at the creation time.[21][20]
Aksara Bali by Khoi Nguyen Viet is the first hacked Unicode Balinese font with a brute-force OpenType implementation. The results depend on how well other OpenType features are implemented in the renderer. The font has about 370 Balinese glyphs, but does not display the vowel⟨é⟩ correctly.[20] The team of Aditya Bayu Perdana, Ida Bagus Komang Sudarma, and Arif Budiarto has created a small series of Balinese fonts:Tantular Bali,Lilitan, andGeguratan, all using hacked Unicode and a brute-force OpenType implementation. Tantular has about 400 Balinese glyphs.[20] These all have serious flaws.[20]
Another Unicode font isNoto Sans Balinese from Google.[22] However, Noto Sans Balinese exhibits several critical flaws, such as an inability to correctly display more than one diacritic per consonant.[20]
The free fontBali Galang, maintained by Bemby Bantara Narendra, displays correctly apart from the consonant-spanning vowels⟨o⟩ and⟨au⟩. However, those vowels can be manually substituted by their graphic components,⟨é⟩ and⟨ai⟩ followed by the length sign (tedung), which together display as⟨o⟩ and⟨au⟩. It also automatically assimilates some consonants within words. It displays corresponding Balinese glyphs instead of Latin letters.
Balinese script was added to theUnicode Standard in July, 2006 with the release of version 5.0.
The Unicode block for Balinese is U+1B00–U+1B7F:
| Balinese[1][2] Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF) | ||||||||||||||||
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A | B | C | D | E | F | |
| U+1B0x | ᬀ | ᬁ | ᬂ | ᬃ | ᬄ | ᬅ | ᬆ | ᬇ | ᬈ | ᬉ | ᬊ | ᬋ | ᬌ | ᬍ | ᬎ | ᬏ |
| U+1B1x | ᬐ | ᬑ | ᬒ | ᬓ | ᬔ | ᬕ | ᬖ | ᬗ | ᬘ | ᬙ | ᬚ | ᬛ | ᬜ | ᬝ | ᬞ | ᬟ |
| U+1B2x | ᬠ | ᬡ | ᬢ | ᬣ | ᬤ | ᬥ | ᬦ | ᬧ | ᬨ | ᬩ | ᬪ | ᬫ | ᬬ | ᬭ | ᬮ | ᬯ |
| U+1B3x | ᬰ | ᬱ | ᬲ | ᬳ | ᬴ | ᬵ | ᬶ | ᬷ | ᬸ | ᬹ | ᬺ | ᬻ | ᬼ | ᬽ | ᬾ | ᬿ |
| U+1B4x | ᭀ | ᭁ | ᭂ | ᭃ | ᭄ | ᭅ | ᭆ | ᭇ | ᭈ | ᭉ | ᭊ | ᭋ | ᭌ | | | |
| U+1B5x | ᭐ | ᭑ | ᭒ | ᭓ | ᭔ | ᭕ | ᭖ | ᭗ | ᭘ | ᭙ | ᭚ | ᭛ | ᭜ | ᭝ | ᭞ | ᭟ |
| U+1B6x | ᭠ | ᭡ | ᭢ | ᭣ | ᭤ | ᭥ | ᭦ | ᭧ | ᭨ | ᭩ | ᭪ | ᭫ | ᭬ | ᭭ | ᭮ | ᭯ |
| U+1B7x | ᭰ | ᭱ | ᭲ | ᭳ | ᭴ | ᭵ | ᭶ | ᭷ | ᭸ | ᭹ | ᭺ | ᭻ | ᭼ | ᭽ | ᭾ | |
| Notes | ||||||||||||||||
ᬲᬫᬶᬫᬦᬸᬲᬦᬾᬲᬦᬾᬜ᭄ᬭᬸᬯᬤᬶᬯᬦ᭄ᬢᬄᬫᬭ᭄ᬤᬾᬓᬢᬸᬃᬫᬤᬸᬯᬾᬓᬳᬸᬢ᭄ᬢᬫᬳᬦ᭄ᬮᬦ᭄ᬳᬓ᭄ᬳᬓ᭄ᬲᬦᬾᬧᬢᭂᬄ᭟ᬲᬫᬶᬓᬮᬸᬕ᭄ᬭᬵᬳᬶᬦ᭄ᬧᬧᬶᬦᭂᬄᬮᬦ᭄ᬳᬶᬤᭂᬧ᭄ᬢᬸᬃᬫᬗ᭄ᬤᬦᬾᬧᬟᬫᬲᬯᬶᬢ᭄ᬭᬫᭂᬮᬭᬧᬦ᭄ᬲᭂᬫᬗᬢ᭄ᬧᬓᬸᬮᬯᬭ᭄ᬕᬳᬦ᭄᭞
Sami manusané sané nyruwadi wantah mardéka tur maduwé kautamaan lan hak-hak sané pateh. Sami kalugrähin papineh lan idep tur mangdané paḍa masawitra melarapan semangat pakulawargaan.
/ˈsami manʊˈsanɛ ˈsanɛ ɲruˈwadi ˈwantaʰ mərˈdɛka tur məˈduwe kawtaˈmaan lan hakˈhak ˈsanɛ ˈpatəh//ˈsami kaluˈgrahin paˈpineh lan iˈdep tur maŋˈdanɛ ˈpadə masaˈwitrə məlaˈrapan səmaˈŋat pakulawraˈgaan/
All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.[23]
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