Bad Vöslau Bod Vöslau | |
|---|---|
 Bad Vöslau | |
 Coat of arms | |
  Bad Vöslau Location within Austria | |
| Coordinates:47°58′N16°13′E / 47.967°N 16.217°E /47.967; 16.217 | |
| Country | Austria |
| State | Lower Austria |
| District | Baden |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Christian Flammer |
| Area | |
• Total | 38.75 km2 (14.96 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 276 m (906 ft) |
| Population (2022) | |
• Total | 12,424 |
| • Density | 320/km2 (830/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 2540 |
| Area code | 02252 |
Bad Vöslau (German:[baːtfœsˈlaʊ̯]ⓘ;Central Bavarian:Bod Vöslau) is aspa town andmunicipality in the state ofLower Austria. It is also known as the cradle of the Austrian red wine cultivation. The population, as of 2022, is 12,424.
Bad Vöslau is located 35 km south ofVienna on the slope of theVienna Woods mountains to theVienna Basin. TheThermenliniefault line running there is the cause of severalthermal springs.
The municipality of Bad Vöslau is composed of three localities andcadastral communities, namely thecity of Bad Vöslau, and the villages ofGainfarn andGroßau.
Traces of colonization dating back to theNeolithic period have been found in the area.
In theRoman era the place was a part of the province ofPannonia. Already then, people made use of the thermal springs in the area.
The name “Vöslau” (as in:Adololdus de Veselove) was first found in a written document ofKlosterneuburg Monastery dating from 1136. At that time, the settlement was only a castle that was encircled by a ditch. It was destroyed by KingMatthias Corvinus in 1483, but was subsequently rebuilt. It became of great significance during theReformation movement.
During theCounter-Reformation the parish of Vöslau was incorporated in neighbouring Gainfarn parish.
In the 18th century, the Vöslau dominion was purchased by the influential Fries family. CountJohann von Fries, whosevineyards were situated around Vöslau, was the first to grow red wine on a large scale in this region. Under the Fries family, Vöslau flourished. The old castle was expanded and remodelled inBaroque style.
AfterCount Moritz von Fries had gone bankrupt in 1826,Giorgios Sinas acquired the dominion and palace of Vöslau, but sold it to Johann Heinrich von Geymüller the Younger, a Swiss banker, just one year later. In 1833, Geymüller established the Vöslauworsted wool factory(Vöslauer Kammgarnfabrik), which became a major source of employment in Vöslau until it was closed down in 1978.
In 1841, theSouthern Railway to (then)Neunkirchen was opened, so that Vöslau could now be reached by train via (now)Bad Vöslau railway station. In the second half of the 19th century, tourism became another major economic sector. Wealthy families used to spend the summer months in rented houses with their entire households. For this purpose, villas were built on the slopes west of the village centre. In 1822, a first public bath was opened; large portions of it were rebuilt between 1869 and 1873 by architectTheophil Hansen.[2]
On 26 August 1867 theTreaty of Vöslau was signed between theKingdom of Greece and thePrincipality of Serbia.
In 1904 Vöslau was officially declared a spa town; the name of the municipality, though, was not until 1928 changed toBad Vöslau (by resolution of theLandtag of Lower Austrian [the state parliament] of 27 March 1928). The public swimming baths were again rebuilt and were opened on 20 June 1926, with Federal PresidentMichael Hainisch attending.
In 1936, a company was founded to merchandise the thermal water, which is being sold under the brand nameVöslauer (add:Mineralwasser, i. e. mineral water) since then.
Wine-growing is also another important part of the economy. Thered wine and thesparkling wine from Vöslau were made famous worldwide byRobert Schlumberger in the 19th century.
In 1954, Bad Vöslau became acity.[3] In the same year, thebrand "Vöslauer Stadtsiegel" was created. On 1 January 1972 the neighbouring municipalities of Gainfarn and Großau were incorporated into Bad Vöslau.
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1869 | 4,176 | — |
| 1880 | 5,453 | +30.6% |
| 1890 | 6,330 | +16.1% |
| 1900 | 6,987 | +10.4% |
| 1910 | 7,799 | +11.6% |
| 1923 | 8,312 | +6.6% |
| 1934 | 8,602 | +3.5% |
| 1939 | 9,848 | +14.5% |
| 1951 | 9,166 | −6.9% |
| 1961 | 9,223 | +0.6% |
| 1971 | 10,204 | +10.6% |
| 1981 | 10,524 | +3.1% |
| 1991 | 11,055 | +5.0% |
| 2001 | 10,998 | −0.5% |
| 2011 | 10,309 | −6.3% |
The Bad Vöslau city council(Gemeinderat) consists of 37 seats. As of the 2020 elections, these are allocated as follows:[4]
In December 2022, Christian Flammer succeeded Christoph Prinz, who stepped down, as mayor.[5]
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The main sources of income in Bad Vöslau are tourism and wine-growing. Also, theVöslauer mineral water from the thermal springs is bottled within the city limits and exported worldwide. On 11 February 2006 the new Bad Vöslau health resort was opened.
The area of the now defunct worsted factory has been refurbished by a group of investors and the premises are being let as storage, business, or office space under the name ofKammgarnzentrum (Worsted Centre). In the northeast of Bad Vöslau there are several shops and businesses.
The Bad Vöslauer Straße B212 runs through the centre of the city, connecting Bad Vöslau with Baden (north) andBerndorf (via Gainfarn and Großau, west). At Schlossplatz a branch road leads south toKottingbrunn,Leobersdorf, andWiener Neustadt.
Just east of the city is theSüd Autobahn. There is a junction leading to Bad Vöslau. The southern parts of town, however, can also easily be reached via the Kottingbrunn junction.
Bad Vöslau railway station is located in the east of the city, on the line of theSüdbahn (Southern Railway). The station is served by local and regional trains. In front of the station building, public buses depart for various places in town and in the vicinity.
Near the eastern limits of town (and, for the larger part, in the municipality of Kottingbrunn) liesVöslau Airfield. It is a private airfield, without commercial traffic. It was noted as the place where on 15 April 1955 an Austrian government delegation headed by Federal ChancellorJulius Raab landed after returning from successful peace treaty negotiations withSoviet Union leaders inMoscow.
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