1944 song by Frank Loesser
"Baby, It's Cold Outside " is apopular song written byFrank Loesser in 1944 and popularized in the 1949 filmNeptune's Daughter . While the lyrics make no mention of a holiday, it is commonly regarded as aChristmas song owing to its winter theme. The song was released in eight recordings in 1949—including well-known versions byElla Fitzgerald andLouis Jordan ,Hot Lips Page andPearl Bailey , and byDean Martin andMarilyn Maxwell —and has been covered numerous times since.
In 1944, Loesser wrote "Baby, It's Cold Outside" to sing with his wife, Lynn Garland, at theirhousewarming party in New York City at the Navarro Hotel. They sang the song to indicate to guests that it was time to leave.[ 1] Garland has written that after the first performance, "We became instant parlor room stars. We got invited to all the best parties for years on the basis of 'Baby.' It was our ticket to caviar and truffles. Parties were built around our being the closing act."[ 1] In 1948, after years of performing the song, Loesser sold it toMGM for the 1949 romantic comedyNeptune's Daughter . Garland was furious: "I felt as betrayed as if I'd caught him in bed with another woman."[ 2]
According to Esther Williams, the producers ofNeptune's Daughter had planned to use a different Loesser song, "(I'd Like to Get You on a) Slow Boat to China ", but studio censors thought it was too suggestive and replaced it with "Baby."[ 3]
The song won the1950 Academy Award forBest Original Song .[ 4] [ 5]
The song is acall and response duet between two people: a host and a guest, usually performed by male and female singers respectively. Every line in the song features a statement from the guest followed by a response from the host. The lyrics consist of the host trying to convince the guest that she should stay for a romantic evening because he fears her getting too cold outside, despite the fact that she feels she should return home to her concerned family and neighbors.[ 6]
In the filmNeptune's Daughter , the song is first performed byRicardo Montalbán andEsther Williams in the conventional manner, then with a comic parody twist byBetty Garrett andRed Skelton : this time the man wants to leave and the woman wants him to stay.[ 7]
In the original edition from Loesser's publishing company "Susan Publications, Inc." from 1948, the host's character name is "The Wolf" and the guest "The Mouse." It's unclear of the origin or meaning of these character names; they don't occur in the film version. This edition's tempo is given as "Loesserando", a humorous reference to the composer's name.[ 8] [ 9]
While studying in the United States in 1949, the future leader of theMuslim Brotherhood ,Sayyid Qutb , reportedly expressed outrage with the song and its perceived decadent use at dance in a church.[ 10]
Since 2009, the song has also faced criticism among some listeners for the alleged implications of its lyrics, with elements such as the line, "Say, what's in this drink?" and the "wolf's" unrelenting pressure for the "mouse" to remain in spite of her repeated suggestions that she should go home being described as suggestive ofsexual harassment or evendate rape .[ 11] [ 12]
However, others have noted that cultural expectations at the time of the song's writing were such that ladies were not socially permitted to spend the night with gentlemen to whom they were not married and that the woman states that she wants to stay, while "What's in this drink?" was a common idiom of the period used to sidestep social expectations by blaming one's actions on the influence of alcohol.[ 11] [ 13] [ 14] Susan Loesser, the daughter of songwriterFrank Loesser , attributed the controversy to the song being associated withBill Cosby after television programs such asSaturday Night Live andSouth Park satirically depicted it being performed by the comedian, who had been accused ofsexually assaulting numerous women .[ 15] [ 16]
In 2018, the airing of the song was canceled by a number of radio stations including Canada'sCBC streaming service, after social media criticism and public pressure regarding the song's lyrics. This was referred to by some media outlets as part of a widercancel culture at the time of works liable to offend people.[ 17] On November 30, 2018,Cleveland , Ohio, radio stationWDOK Star 102 announced that it had removed the song from its playlist due to its lyric content, based on listener input, amid theMeToo movement .[ 18] On December 4, 2018, the Canadian radio broadcastersBell Media ,CBC Radio , andRogers Media followed suit. The decision was divisive among critics and the general public, with supporters arguing that the song's possible implications of date rape did not align with current societal norms, and others arguing that the decision was an appeal topolitical correctness .[ 19] [ 20] [ 21] StationKOIT inSan Francisco , having placed the song "on hold" pending listener feedback, returned it to the playlist after 77% of respondents opposed its removal.[ 22] CBC Radio subsequently reinstated the song as well.[ 23] Following the controversy, the song rose to the top 10 ofBillboard 's digital sales list for the week of December 22, 2018, with a 70% increase in downloads.[ 24]
In 2019, vocalistsJohn Legend andKelly Clarkson also recorded the song with modified lyrics, written by Legend andNatasha Rothwell for an expanded edition of Legend'sA Legendary Christmas album. The lyrical changes, which included lines from the "Wolf" emphasizingsexual consent , became a new source of controversy in their own right.[ 25] [ 26] Deana Martin , whose fatherDean Martin had recorded a popular version of the song in 1959, criticized the new interpretation as "absurd", saying her father would not have approved of altering the lyrics (which she maintained to be more sexually explicit in the new version than in Loesser's original) in order to appease contemporary sensibilities.[ 27]
Don Cornell and Laura Leslie withSammy Kaye and his orchestra; recorded on April 12 and released byRCA Victor (peaked at No. 12 onBillboard 's Records Most Played By Disk Jockeys chart, at No. 13 onBillboard 's Best-Selling Popular Retail Records chart [lasting ten weeks on the chart], and at No. 17 onBillboard 's Most-Played Juke Box Records chart in mid-1949)[ 28] Hot Lips Page andPearl Bailey recorded a popular version of the song that they performed live onThe Ed Sullivan Show on October 9, 1949. '[ 29] Bing Crosby andJames Stewart , abbreviated radio performance with Stewart taking the "mouse" part, fromThe Bing Crosby – Chesterfield Show ; released onThe Bing Crosby Christmas Gift Collection [ 30] Doris Day andBob Hope ; radio performance fromThe Bob Hope Show [ 31] Ella Fitzgerald andLouis Jordan with theTympany Five ; recorded on April 28 and released byDecca Records (peaked at No. 9 onBillboard 's Most-Played Juke Box Records chart and at No. 17 onBillboard 's Best-Selling Popular Retail Records chart [lasting seven weeks on the latter chart] in mid-1949)[ 28] Lynn Garland andFrank Loesser (credited as Lynn & Frank Loesser); released byMercury Records [ 32] Homer and Jethro andJune Carter ; released byRCA Victor (peaked at No. 22 onBillboard 's Records Most Played By Disk Jockeys chart on the week ending August 20, 1949)[ 28] Dean Martin andMarilyn Maxwell ; radio performance fromThe Martin and Lewis Show ; released on several compilations, includingThe Very Best of Dean Martin andRelax, It's Dean Martin, Vol 2 [ 33] Dinah Shore andBuddy Clark with Ted Dale and his orchestra;[ 34] recorded on March 17 and released byColumbia Records [ 28] (peaked at No. 3 onBillboard 's Records Most Played By Disk Jockeys chart, at No. 4 onBillboard 's Best-Selling Popular Retail Records chart, and at No. 6 onBillboard 's Most-Played Juke Box Records chart in mid-1949)[ 28] Margaret Whiting andJohnny Mercer withPaul Weston and his orchestra; recorded on March 18 and released byCapitol Records (peaked at No. 3 onBillboard 's Records Most Played By Disk Jockeys chart, at No. 4 onBillboard 's Best-Selling Popular Retail Records chart [lasting 19 weeks on the chart], and at No. 8 onBillboard 's Most-Played Juke Box Records chart in mid-1949)[ 28] As of 2020, there are over 400 recordings of the song.[ 35]
^ As in the She & Him version, Buffett and Shakoor reverse the gender-specific lyrics, with he the "Mouse" and she the "Wolf".[ 84] Dean Martin version [ edit ] Ray Charles and Betty Carter version [ edit ] Tom Jones and Cerys Matthews version [ edit ] Ella Fitzgerald and Louis Jordan version [ edit ] Willie Nelson and Norah Jones version [ edit ]
Lady Antebellum / Lady A version[ edit ] Kelly Clarkson and Ronnie Dunn version [ edit ] Idina Menzel and Michael Bublé version[ edit ] Brett Eldredge and Meghan Trainor version [ edit ] John Legend and Kelly Clarkson version [ edit ]
Idina Menzel and Michael Bublé version[ edit ] Chart (2015) Position US Adult Contemporary (Billboard )[ 162] 45
Brett Eldredge and Meghan Trainor version [ edit ] Chart (2017) Position US Adult Contemporary (Billboard )[ 163] 50
Dean Martin version [ edit ] Region Certification Certified units /salesUnited Kingdom (BPI )[ 164] Silver 200,000‡ United States (RIAA )[ 165] 2× Platinum 2,000,000‡ ‡ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.
Idina Menzel and Michael Bublé version[ edit ] Region Certification Certified units /salesUnited Kingdom (BPI )[ 166] Platinum 600,000‡ ‡ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.
Brett Eldredge and Meghan Trainor version [ edit ] Region Certification Certified units /salesUnited Kingdom (BPI )[ 167] Silver 200,000‡ ‡ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.
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