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Baby, It's Cold Outside

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
1944 song by Frank Loesser
For other works with this title, seeBaby, It's Cold Outside (disambiguation).

"Baby, It's Cold Outside"
Song
Written1944
Published1949 by Susan Publications/Edwin H Morris and Co.
SongwriterFrank Loesser

"Baby, It's Cold Outside" is apopular song written byFrank Loesser in 1944 and popularized in the 1949 filmNeptune's Daughter. While the lyrics make no mention of a holiday, it is commonly regarded as aChristmas song owing to its winter theme. The song was released in eight recordings in 1949—including well-known versions byElla Fitzgerald andLouis Jordan,Hot Lips Page andPearl Bailey, and byDean Martin andMarilyn Maxwell—and has been covered numerous times since.

History

[edit]

In 1944, Loesser wrote "Baby, It's Cold Outside" to sing with his wife, Lynn Garland, at theirhousewarming party in New York City at the Navarro Hotel. They sang the song to indicate to guests that it was time to leave.[1] Garland has written that after the first performance, "We became instant parlor room stars. We got invited to all the best parties for years on the basis of 'Baby.' It was our ticket to caviar and truffles. Parties were built around our being the closing act."[1] In 1948, after years of performing the song, Loesser sold it toMGM for the 1949 romantic comedyNeptune's Daughter. Garland was furious: "I felt as betrayed as if I'd caught him in bed with another woman."[2]

According to Esther Williams, the producers ofNeptune's Daughter had planned to use a different Loesser song, "(I'd Like to Get You on a) Slow Boat to China", but studio censors thought it was too suggestive and replaced it with "Baby."[3]

The song won the1950 Academy Award forBest Original Song.[4][5]

Lyrics

[edit]

The song is acall and response duet between two people: a host and a guest, usually performed by male and female singers respectively. Every line in the song features a statement from the guest followed by a response from the host. The lyrics consist of the host trying to convince the guest that she should stay for a romantic evening because he fears her getting too cold outside, despite the fact that she feels she should return home to her concerned family and neighbors.[6]

In the filmNeptune's Daughter, the song is first performed byRicardo Montalbán andEsther Williams in the conventional manner, then with a comic parody twist byBetty Garrett andRed Skelton: this time the man wants to leave and the woman wants him to stay.[7]

In the original edition from Loesser's publishing company "Susan Publications, Inc." from 1948, the host's character name is "The Wolf" and the guest "The Mouse." It's unclear of the origin or meaning of these character names; they don't occur in the film version. This edition's tempo is given as "Loesserando", a humorous reference to the composer's name.[8][9]

Criticism

[edit]

While studying in the United States in 1949, the future leader of theMuslim Brotherhood,Sayyid Qutb, reportedly expressed outrage with the song and its perceived decadent use at dance in a church.[10]

Since 2009, the song has also faced criticism among some listeners for the alleged implications of its lyrics, with elements such as the line, "Say, what's in this drink?" and the "wolf's" unrelenting pressure for the "mouse" to remain in spite of her repeated suggestions that she should go home being described as suggestive ofsexual harassment or evendate rape.[11][12]

However, others have noted that cultural expectations at the time of the song's writing were such that ladies were not socially permitted to spend the night with gentlemen to whom they were not married and that the woman states that she wants to stay, while "What's in this drink?" was a common idiom of the period used to sidestep social expectations by blaming one's actions on the influence of alcohol.[11][13][14] Susan Loesser, the daughter of songwriterFrank Loesser, attributed the controversy to the song being associated withBill Cosby after television programs such asSaturday Night Live andSouth Park satirically depicted it being performed by the comedian, who had been accused ofsexually assaulting numerous women.[15][16]

In 2018, the airing of the song was canceled by a number of radio stations including Canada'sCBC streaming service, after social media criticism and public pressure regarding the song's lyrics. This was referred to by some media outlets as part of a widercancel culture at the time of works liable to offend people.[17] On November 30, 2018,Cleveland, Ohio, radio stationWDOKStar 102 announced that it had removed the song from its playlist due to its lyric content, based on listener input, amid theMeToo movement.[18] On December 4, 2018, the Canadian radio broadcastersBell Media,CBC Radio, andRogers Media followed suit. The decision was divisive among critics and the general public, with supporters arguing that the song's possible implications of date rape did not align with current societal norms, and others arguing that the decision was an appeal topolitical correctness.[19][20][21] StationKOIT inSan Francisco, having placed the song "on hold" pending listener feedback, returned it to the playlist after 77% of respondents opposed its removal.[22] CBC Radio subsequently reinstated the song as well.[23] Following the controversy, the song rose to the top 10 ofBillboard's digital sales list for the week of December 22, 2018, with a 70% increase in downloads.[24]

In 2019, vocalistsJohn Legend andKelly Clarkson also recorded the song with modified lyrics, written by Legend andNatasha Rothwell for an expanded edition of Legend'sA Legendary Christmas album. The lyrical changes, which included lines from the "Wolf" emphasizingsexual consent, became a new source of controversy in their own right.[25][26]Deana Martin, whose fatherDean Martin had recorded a popular version of the song in 1959, criticized the new interpretation as "absurd", saying her father would not have approved of altering the lyrics (which she maintained to be more sexually explicit in the new version than in Loesser's original) in order to appease contemporary sensibilities.[27]

1949 recordings

[edit]

Other recordings

[edit]

As of 2020, there are over 400 recordings of the song.[35]

YearPerformerWorkSource
1951Louis Armstrong andVelma MiddletonSatchmo at Pasadena[36]
1955Eddie Fisher andJune HuttonEddie Fisher Sings Academy Award Winning Songs[37]
1957Sammy Davis Jr. andCarmen McRaeBoy Meets Girl[38][39]
1959Jack Marshall (instrumental)Soundsville![40]
1959Dean Martin and female chorus[41]A Winter Romance[42]
1960Steve Lawrence and Eydie GorméWe Got Us[43]
1961Ray Charles andBetty CarterRay Charles and Betty Carter[44]
1961Marty Gold (instrumental)Stereo Action Goes Hollywood[45]
1963Joanie SommersSommers' Seasons[46]
1963Joyce Blair andOliver ReedNovelty recording[47]
1964Al Hirt andAnn-MargretBeauty and the Beard[48]
1966Ted Heath andEdmundo Ros (instrumental)Heath vs. Ros: Round 2[49]
1966Henry Mancini and mixed chorusThe Academy Award Songs[50]
1966Jimmy Smith andWes Montgomery (instrumental)Jimmy & Wes: The Dynamic Duo[51]
1991Bette Midler andJames CaanFor the Boys: Music From The Motion Picture[52]
1994Nancy LaMott andMichael FeinsteinJust in Time for Christmas[53]
1995Lou Rawls andDianne ReevesJazz to the World[54]
1996Vanessa Williams andBobby CaldwellStar Bright[55]
1998Ann Hampton Callaway andKenny RankinThis Christmas[56]
1999Tom Jones andCerys MatthewsReload[57]
2000Tom Wopat andAntonia BennettThe Still of the Night[58]
2001Suzy Bogguss andDelbert McClintonHave Yourself a Merry Little Christmas[59]
2000Holly Cole andEd RobertsonBaby, It's Cold Outside[60]
2002Brian Setzer andAnn-MargretBoogie Woogie Christmas[61]
2002Lee Ann Womack andHarry Connick Jr.The Season for Romance[62]
2003Zooey Deschanel andLeon RedboneElf: Music From The Major Motion Picture[63]
2004Jessica Simpson andNick LacheyReJoyce: The Christmas Album[64]
2004Rod Stewart andDolly PartonStardust: The Great American Songbook, Volume III[65]
2004James Taylor andNatalie ColeA Christmas Album[66]
2006Dean Martin andMartina McBrideChristmas with Dino[67]
2007Matt BelsanteWhite Christmas[68]
2010Chris Colfer andDarren CrissGlee: The Music, The Christmas Album[69]
2011Haley Reinhart andCasey Abrams[70]
2011She & HimA Very She & Him Christmas[71]
2012Colbie Caillat andGavin DeGrawChristmas in the Sand[72]
2012Rufus Wainwright andSharon Van EttenHolidays Rule[73]
2012Rita Coolidge with drummer Lynn CoulterA Rita Coolidge Christmas[74]
2012Cee Lo Green andChristina AguileraCee Lo's Magic Moment[75]
2012Lyle Lovett andKat EdmonsonRelease Me[76]
2013Jimmy Fallon andCecily StrongSaturday Night Live[77][78]
2013Lady Gaga andJoseph Gordon-LevittLady Gaga and the Muppets Holiday Spectacular[79]
2014Connie Britton andWill ChaseChristmas with Nashville[80]
2014Joey DeFrancesco (instrumental)Home for the Holidays[81]
2014Virginia to Vegas andAlyssa Reid[82]
2016Garth Brooks andTrisha YearwoodChristmas Together[83]
2016Jimmy Buffett andNadirah Shakoor[a]'Tis the SeaSon[85]
2016Brett Eldredge andMeghan TrainorGlow[86]
2016John Farnham andOlivia Newton-JohnFriends for Christmas[87]
2016Amy Grant andVince GillTennessee Christmas[88]
2017Adrienne Bailon andIsrael HoughtonBaby It's Cold Outside / Frio Frio[89]
2017Fantasia andCeeLo GreenChristmas After Midnight[90]
2017Kelley Jakle andShelley RegnerPitch Perfect 3[91]
2017Avril Lavigne andJonny Blu[92]
2017Willie Nelson andLee Ann Womack[93]
2018Paloma Faith and B.B. Bones[94]
2018Aaron WatsonAn Aaron Watson Family Christmas[95]
2019The BoysChristmas with the Boys[96]
2019Disco PiratesIt's Cold Outside (Don't Go)[97]
2022Taj Mahal andMaria Muldaur[98]
2024JschlattA Very 1999 Christmas[99]
  1. ^As in the She & Him version, Buffett and Shakoor reverse the gender-specific lyrics, with he the "Mouse" and she the "Wolf".[84]

Charts

[edit]

Dean Martin version

[edit]
Chart (2007–2025)Peak
position
Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40)[100]56
Canada (Hot Canadian Digital Songs)[101]10
CanadaAC (Billboard)[102]
withMartina McBride
7
Euro Digital Tracks (Billboard)[103]
withFrank Sinatra &Sammy Davis Jr.
13
Germany (GfK)[104]58
Global 200 (Billboard)[105]71
Ireland (IRMA)[106]64
Portugal (AFP)[107]132
Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade)[108]81
UK Singles (OCC)[109]98
USBillboard Hot 100[110]36
USHot 100 Recurrents (Billboard)[111]2
USAdult Contemporary (Billboard)[112]
withMartina McBride
7
USCountry Airplay (Billboard)[113]
withMartina McBride
36
US Holiday 100 (Billboard)[114]65
US Holiday 100 (Billboard)[114]
withMartina McBride
63
USRolling Stone Top 100[115]21

Ray Charles and Betty Carter version

[edit]
Chart (1962)Peak
position
USBillboard Hot 100[116]91

Tom Jones and Cerys Matthews version

[edit]
Chart (1999)Peak
position
UK Singles (OCC)[117]17

Ella Fitzgerald and Louis Jordan version

[edit]
Chart (2010–2012)Peak
position
US Jazz Digital Songs (Billboard)[118]2
US Holiday Digital Songs (Billboard)[119]11

Glee Cast version

[edit]
Chart (2010–2012)Peak
position
Canada (Canadian Hot 100)[120]53
CanadaAC (Billboard)[121]33
USBillboard Hot 100[122]57
US Holiday Digital Songs (Billboard)[123]1

Willie Nelson and Norah Jones version

[edit]
Chart (2010)Peak
position
USHot Country Songs (Billboard)[124]55

She & Him version

[edit]
Chart (2012)Peak
position
USAdult Contemporary (Billboard)[125]16
US Holiday Digital Songs (Billboard)[126]15


Lady Antebellum / Lady A version

[edit]
Chart (2011–2012)Peak
position
USBubbling Under Hot 100 (Billboard)[127]3
USDigital Song Sales (Billboard)[128]69
US Holiday 100 (Billboard)[129]26

Kelly Clarkson and Ronnie Dunn version

[edit]
Chart (2013)Peak
position
South Korea International Singles (Gaon)[130]127
US Holiday Digital Songs (Billboard)[131]6

Idina Menzel and Michael Bublé version

[edit]
Chart (2014–2023)Peak
position
Australia (ARIA)[132]51
Canada (Canadian Hot 100)[133]58
CanadaAC (Billboard)[134]1
Ireland (IRMA)[135]62
UK Singles (OCC)[136]39
USBillboard Hot 100[137]78
USAdult Contemporary (Billboard)[138]1
US Holiday 100 (Billboard)[139]14

Brett Eldredge and Meghan Trainor version

[edit]
Chart (2016–2023)Peak
position
Belgium (Ultratip Bubbling Under Flanders)[140]46
Belgium (Ultratip Bubbling Under Wallonia)[141]46
CanadaAC (Billboard)[142]15
Global 200 (Billboard)[143]138
Greece International (IFPI)[144]97
Hungary (Single Top 40)[145]40
Ireland (IRMA)[146]48
Latvia (LAIPA)[147]24
Lithuania (AGATA)[148]55
Netherlands (Single Top 100)[149]55
Poland (Polish Streaming Top 100)[150]90
Portugal (AFP)[151]54
Sweden (Sverigetopplistan)[152]93
Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade)[153]53
UK Singles (OCC)[154]51
USAdult Contemporary (Billboard)[155]1
USHot Country Songs (Billboard)[156]26
US Holiday 100 (Billboard)[157]67

John Legend and Kelly Clarkson version

[edit]
Chart (2019–2020)Peak
position
CanadaAC (Billboard)[158]25
New Zealand Hot Singles (RMNZ)[159]22
US Holiday Digital Songs (Billboard)[160]5
US R&B Digital Songs (Billboard)[161]6

Year-end charts

[edit]

Idina Menzel and Michael Bublé version

[edit]
Chart (2015)Position
US Adult Contemporary (Billboard)[162]45

Brett Eldredge and Meghan Trainor version

[edit]
Chart (2017)Position
US Adult Contemporary (Billboard)[163]50

Certifications

[edit]

Dean Martin version

[edit]
RegionCertificationCertified units/sales
United Kingdom (BPI)[164]Silver200,000
United States (RIAA)[165]2× Platinum2,000,000

Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.

Idina Menzel and Michael Bublé version

[edit]
RegionCertificationCertified units/sales
United Kingdom (BPI)[166]Platinum600,000

Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.

Brett Eldredge and Meghan Trainor version

[edit]
RegionCertificationCertified units/sales
United Kingdom (BPI)[167]Silver200,000

Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
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