 | |
 BHP Office Tower inPerth,Western Australia | |
| Company type | Public |
|---|---|
| |
| ISIN | AU000000BHP4 |
| Industry | Metals andmining |
| Founded | 13 August 1885; 140 years ago (13 August 1885) (as the Broken Hill Proprietary Company) 29 June 2001 (as BHP Billiton) |
| Headquarters | Melbourne, Victoria, Australia |
Area served | Global |
Key people |
|
| Products | Iron ore, coal, copper, gold, nickel,uranium |
| Revenue |  US$51.26 billion (2025)[3] |
 US$19.46 billion (2025)[3] | |
| US$11.14 billion (2025)[3] | |
| Total assets | US$108.8 billion (2025)[3] |
| Total equity | US$52.22 billion (2025)[3] |
Number of employees | 91,304 (2025)[3] |
| Website | www |
BHP Group Limited, founded as theBroken Hill Proprietary Company, is an Australianmultinational mining and metalscorporation. BHP was established in August 1885 and is headquartered inMelbourne, Victoria.[4]
As of 2024, BHP was the world's largest mining company by market capitalisation[5] and the world's third-largest byrevenue.[6] The company specialises in mining and sellingiron ore,copper andcoal.[3]
BHP Billiton was formed in June 2001 through the merger of the AustralianBroken Hill Proprietary Company Limited (BHP) and the Anglo–DutchBilliton plc, trading on both theAustralian Securities Exchange andLondon Stock Exchange as adual-listed company.
In 2015, some BHP Billiton assets were demerged and rebranded asSouth32, while a scaled-down BHP Billiton became BHP. In 2018, BHP Billiton Limited and BHP Billiton plc became BHP Group Limited and BHP Group plc, respectively. In January 2022, BHP relinquished its London Stock Exchange listing, becoming a solely Australian Securities Exchange-listed company. As of 2022, BHP is the largest company in Australia,[7] and the largest mining company in the world, both as measured by market capitalisation.[8] In 2023, the company's position in theForbes Global 2000 was 90th.[9]
Billiton Maatschappij was founded 29 September 1860, when its articles of association were approved by a meeting ofshareholders in theGroot Keizershof hotel inThe Hague, Netherlands.[10][11][12] Two months later, the company acquiredmineral rights to the Billiton (Belitung) andBangka Islands in theNetherlands Indiesarchipelago off the eastern coast ofSumatra.[11][13]
Billiton's initial ventures included tin and leadsmelting in the Netherlands, followed in the 1940s bybauxite mining inIndonesia andSuriname.[14] In 1970,Shell acquired Billiton.[11][15] Billiton opened a tin smelting and refining plant inPhuket, Thailand, named Thaisarco (for Thailand Smelting And Refining Company, Limited).[16]
In 1994, South Africa'sGencor acquired the mining division of Billiton excluding the downstream metal division.[17] Billiton was divested from Gencor in 1997,[18] and was amalgamated withGold Fields in 1998.[19] In 1997, Billiton plc became a constituent of theFTSE 100 Index[20] and in 2001 Billiton plcmerged with the Broken Hill Proprietary Company Limited (BHP) to form BHP Billiton.[21]
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The Broken Hill Proprietary Company Limited (BHP), also known by thenickname "the Big Australian",[22] was incorporated on 13 August 1885, operating the silver and lead mine atBroken Hill, in westernNew South Wales, Australia.[23][24] The Broken Hill group floated on 10 August 1885.[25] The first consignment of Broken Hill ore (48 tons, 5 cwt, 3grs) was smelted at the Intercolonial Smelting and Refining Company's works atSpotswood, Victoria, a suburb of Melbourne.[25] Historian Christopher Jay notes:
The resulting 35,605 ounces of silver raised a lot of interest when exhibited at the City of Melbourne Bank inCollins Street. Some sceptics asserted the promoters were merely using silver from somewhere else, to ramp up the shares.... Another shareholder, the dominatingW. R. Wilson had had to lendWilliam Jamieson, General Manager, a new suit so he could take the first prospectus, printed at Silverton near Broken Hill on 20 June 1885, to Adelaide to start the float process.[25]
The geographic Broken Hill, for which the town was named, was discovered and named by CaptainCharles Sturt, stirring great interest among prospectors. Nothing of note was discovered until 5 November 1883, whenCharles Rasp,boundary rider for the surroundingMount Gipps Station, pegged out a 40-acre claim with contractors David James and James Poole.[26]
Together with ahalf-dozen backers, including station managerGeorge McCulloch (a young cousin of Victorian PremierSir James McCulloch),[27] Rasp formed theBroken Hill Company staking out the entire Hill. As costs mounted during the ensuing months of fruitless search, three of the original seven (now remembered as theSyndicate of Seven) sold their shares, so that, on the eve of the company's great success, there were nine shareholders, including Rasp, McCulloch, Philip Charly (aka Charley), David James, James Poole (five of the original syndicate of seven, which had previously included George Urquhart and G.A.M. Lind), Bowes Kelly, W. R. Wilson, and William Jamieson (who had bought shares from several of the founders).[28][29]
John Darling, Jr. became a director of the company in 1892 and was chairman of directors from 1907 to 1914.[30]
Strongly encouraged by theNew South Wales Minister for Public Works,Arthur Hill Griffith,[31][32] in 1915, the company ventured into steel manufacturing, with its operations based primarily at theNewcastle Steelworks. The decision to move from mining ore at Broken Hill to opening a steelworks at Newcastle was due to the technical limitations in recovering value from mining the lower-lying sulphide ores.[33] The discovery ofIron Knob and Iron Monarch near the western shore of theSpencer Gulf inSouth Australia, combined with the refinement, by BHP metallurgistsA. D. Carmichael andLeslie Bradford, of thefroth flotation technique for separating zinc sulphides from the accompanyinggangue and subsequent conversion (Carmichael–Bradford process) to oxides of the metal, allowed BHP to economically extract valuable metals from the heaps oftailings up to 40 feet (12 m) high at the mine site.[34] In 1942, theImperial Japanese Navy targeted the BHP steelworks[35] during the largely unsuccessfulshelling of Newcastle.[36]
Newcastle operations were closed in 1999,[37] and a 70-ton commemorative sculpture,The Muster Point, was installed on Industrial Drive, in the suburb ofMayfield, New South Wales. The long products side of the steel business was spun off to formOneSteel in 2000.[38]
In the 1950s, BHP beganpetroleum exploration, which became an increasing focus following oil andnatural gas discoveries inBass Strait in the 1960s.[39][40]
BHP began to diversify into a variety of mining projects overseas. Those included theOk Tedi copper mine in Papua New Guinea, where the company was successfully sued by the indigenous inhabitants because of theenvironmental degradation caused by mining operations.[41] BHP had better success with the giantEscondida copper mine in Chile, of which it owns 57.5%, and at theEkati Diamond Mine in northern Canada, which BHP contracted for in 1996,[42] began mining in 1998,[42] and sold its 80% stake in toDominion Diamond Corporation in 2013 as production declined.[43][44][45][46]
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In 2001, BHPmerged with the Billiton mining company to form BHP Billiton.[13] In 2002, flat steel products were demerged to form the publicly traded company BHP Steel which, in 2003, becameBlueScope.[47]
In March 2005, BHP Billiton announced a US$7.3 billion agreed bid forWMC Resources, owners of theOlympic Dam copper, gold and uranium mine in South Australia, nickel operations in Western Australia and Queensland, and a Queensland fertiliser plant.[48] The takeover achieved 90 per cent acceptance on 17 June 2005, and 100 per cent ownership was announced on 2 August 2005, achieved through compulsory acquisition of the remaining 10 per cent of the shares.[49]
On 8 November 2007, BHP Billiton announced it was seeking to purchase rival mining groupRio Tinto in an all-share deal.[50] The initial offer of 3.4 shares of BHP Billiton stock for each share of Rio Tinto was rejected by the board of Rio Tinto for "significantly undervaluing" the company.[48] It was unknown at the time whether BHP Billiton would attempt to purchase Rio Tinto through some form ofhostile takeover.[48] A formal hostile bid of 3.4 BHP Billiton shares for each Rio Tinto share was announced on 6 February 2008;[51] The bid was withdrawn 25 November 2008 due to the2008 financial crisis.[52][53]
On 14 May 2008, BHP Billiton shares rose to a record high ofA$48.90 following speculation that Chinese mining firmChinalco was considering purchasing a large stake.[54]
As global nickel prices fell, on 25 November 2008, Billiton announced that it would drop its A$66 billion takeover of rival Rio Tinto Group, stating that the "risks to shareholder value" would "increase" to "an unacceptable level" due to the2008 financial crisis.[55]
On 21 January 2009, BHP Billiton then announced thatRavensthorpe Nickel Mine in Western Australia would cease operations, ending shipments of ore from Ravensthorpe to the Yabulu nickel plant in Queensland Australia.[56] Yabulu refinery was subsequently sold to Queensland billionaireClive Palmer, becoming thePalmer Nickel and Cobalt Refinery.Pinto Valley mine in the United States was also closed. Mine closures and general scaling back during the2008 financial crisis accounted for 6,000 employee lay offs.[57]
As the nickel market became saturated by both spiraling economics and cheaper extraction methods; on 9 December 2009, BHP Billiton sold itsRavensthorpe Nickel Mine, which had cost A$2.4 billion to build, toVancouver-basedFirst Quantum Minerals for US$340 million. First Quantum, a Canadian company, was one of three bidders for the mine, tendering the lowest offer, and returned the mine to production in 2011.[58] Ravensthorpe cost BHP US$3.6 billion in write-downs when it was shut in January 2009 after less than a year of production.[59]
In January 2010, following the BHP Billiton purchase ofAthabasca Potash for US$320m,The Economist reported that, by 2020, BHP Billiton could produce approximately 15 per cent of the world demand forpotash.[60]
In August 2010, BHP Billiton made a hostile takeover bid worth US$40 billion forPotashCorp. The bid came after BHP's first bid, made on 17 August, was rejected as being undervalued.[61] This acquisition marked a major strategic move by BHP outside hard commodities and commenced the diversification of its business away from resources with high exposure to carbon price risk, like coal, petroleum and iron ore. The takeover bid was opposed by the Government ofSaskatchewan under PremierBrad Wall. On 3 November,Canadian Industry MinisterTony Clement announced the preliminary rejection of the deal under theInvestment Canada Act, giving BHP Billiton 30 days to refine their deal before a final decision was made;[62] BHP withdrew its offer on 14 November 2010.[63][64] Canada's decision to block the deal was generally viewed as surprising by the global investment community.[65]
On 22 February 2011, BHP Billiton announced that it had paid $4.75 billion in cash toChesapeake Energy for itsFayetteville shale assets, which include 487,000 acres (1,970 km2) of mineral rights leases and 420 miles (680 km) of pipeline located in north centralArkansas. The wells on the mineral leases are currently producing about 415 million cubic feet of natural gas per day. BHP Billiton planned to spend $800 million to $1 billion a year over 10 years to develop the field and triple production.[66]
On 14 July 2011, BHP Billiton announced that it would acquirePetrohawk Energy of the United States for approximately $12.1 billion in cash, considerably expanding its shale natural gas resources[67] in an offer of $US38.75 per share.[68]
On 22 August 2012, BHP Billiton announced that it was delaying its US$20 billion (£12 billion) Olympic Dam copper mine expansion project in South Australia to study less capital intensive options, deferring its dual harbour strategy at West Australian Iron Ore and slowing down its Potash growth option in Canada.[69] The company simultaneously announced a freeze on approving any major new expansion projects.[69]
Days after announcing the Olympic Dam pull-out, BHP Billiton announced that it was selling its Yeelirrie Uranium Project to CanadianCameco for a fee of around $430 million. The sale was part of a broader move to step away from resource expansion in Australia.[70]
On 19 August 2014, BHP Billiton announced it would create an independent global metals and mining company based on a selection of its aluminium, coal, manganese, nickel, and silver assets.[71] The newly formed entity, namedSouth32, was subsequently demerged with listings on theAustralian Securities Exchange theJSE and theLondon Stock Exchange.[71]
In 2015, BHP Billiton spun off a number of its subsidiaries[72] in South Africa and Southern Africa to form a new company known as South32.[73][74]
BHP Billiton agreed to pay a fine of $25 million to theUnited States Securities and Exchange Commission in 2015 in connection with violations of theForeign Corrupt Practices Act related to its "hospitality program" at the2008 Summer Olympics inBeijing. BHP Billiton invited 176 government and state-owned-enterprise officials to attend the Games on an all-expenses-paid package. While BHP Billiton claimed to have compliance processes in place to avoid conflicts of interest, the SEC found that BHP Billiton had invited officials from at least four countries where BHP Billiton had interests in influencing the officials' decisions (Congo,Guinea,Philippines andBurundi).[75]
In August 2016, BHP Billiton recorded its worst annual loss in history, $6.4 billion.[76]
Towards the end of 2016 BHP Billiton indicated it would expand its petroleum business and make new investments in the sector.[77]
In February 2017, BHP Billiton announced a $2.2 billion investment in the newBP platform in theGulf of Mexico.[78] During the same year, as part of their plan to increase productivity at the Escondida mine in Chile,[79] which is the world's biggest copper mine, BHP Billiton attempted to get workers to accept a 4-year pay freeze, a 66% reduction in the end-of-conflict bonus offering, and increased shift flexibility. This resulted in a major workers' strike and forced the company to declareforce majeure on two shipments, which drove copper prices up by 4%.[80]
In April 2017 activist hedge fund managerElliott Advisors proposed a plan for BHP Billiton to spin off its American petroleum assets and significantly restructure the business, including the scrapping of its dual Sydney-London listing, suggesting shares be offered only in the United Kingdom, while leaving its headquarters and tax residences in Australia where shares would trade as depository instruments. At the time of the correspondence Elliott held about 4.1 per cent of the issued shares in London-listed BHP Billiton plc, worth $3.81 billion. Australia's government warned it would block moves to shift BHP Billiton's stock listing from Australia to the United Kingdom.Australian TreasurerScott Morrison said the move would be contrary to the country's national interest and would breach government orders mandating a listing on the Australian Securities Exchange. BHP Billiton dismissed the plan saying the costs and risks of Elliott's proposal outweighed any potential benefits.[81]
In May 2017, with much of the former Billiton assets having been disposed of, BHP Billiton began to rebrand itself as BHP, at first in Australia and then globally. It replaced the slogan "The Big Australian" with "Think Big", with an advertising campaign rolling out in mid May 2017.[82] Work on the change began in late 2015 according to BHP's chief external affairs officer.[83]
In August 2017, BHP announced that it would sell off its US shale oil and gas business.[84][85] In July 2018, the company agreed to sell its shale assets toBP for $10.5 billion.[86] BHP indicated its intention to return funds to investors.[87] On 29 September 2018, BHP completed the sale of its Fayetteville Onshore US gas assets to a wholly owned subsidiary of Merit Energy Company.[88]
In August 2021, BHP announced plans to exit the oil and gas industry by merging its hydrocarbon business withWoodside Energy, Australia's largest independent gas producer.[89] It also announced its intention to delist from the London Stock Exchange and consolidate on theAustralian Securities Exchange.[90] This occurred in January 2022.[91][92] In April 2023, BHP took overOz Minerals in a $9.6 billion deal.[93][94][95][96]
In fiscal year 2021–2022, BHP's annual profit amounted to more than $34 billion (an increase of 34%) of $65 billion (an increase of 14%). The coal division's profits reached almost $9 billion (a loss of $577 million in 2022), with the BHP's iron ore division making $21.7 billion (a decrease of $4.6 billion since 2022). Profit growth allowed the company to pay a record dividend of $7.6 billion for the half-year ending December 31.[97][98]
BHP made an offer to acquireAnglo American for £31 billion in April 2024; however, the offer was rejected by the Anglo American as "highly unattractive".[99] A revised offer was also rejected in May 2024.[100][101]
In July 2024, BHP andLundin Mining agreed to jointly acquire 100% of Filo Corp. through a Canadian plan of arrangement. BHP and Lundin Mining also agreed to form a 50/50 joint venture to hold the Filo del Sol (FDS) and Josemaria projects.[102][103]
Until January 2022, BHP was adual-listed company; the AustralianBHP Billiton Limited and the BritishBHP Billiton plc were separately listed with separate shareholder bodies, while conducting business as one operation with identical boards of directors and a single management structure.[3] The headquarters of BHP Billiton Limited and the global headquarters of the combined group were located inMelbourne, Australia. The headquarters of BHP Billiton plc were located in London, England.[3] Its main office locations were in Australia, the U.S., Canada, the UK, Chile, Malaysia, and Singapore.[3]
The company's shares traded on the following exchanges:[104]
BHP Billiton Limited and BHP Billiton plc were renamed BHP Group Limited and BHP Group plc, respectively, on 19 November 2018.[105]
In 1998, BHP hired American Paul Anderson to restructure the company. Anderson successfully completed the four-year project with a merger between BHP and London-based Billiton.[106] In July 2002, Brian Gilbertson of Billiton was appointed CEO, but resigned after just six months, citing irreconcilable differences with the board.[107]
Upon Gilbertson's departure in early 2003,Chip Goodyear was appointed the new CEO.[107] Goodyear retired on 30 September 2007[108] and was succeeded byMarius Kloppers.[108] Following Kloppers' tenure,Andrew Mackenzie, chief executive of Non-Ferrous, assumed the role of CEO in 2013.[109] Australia mining headMike Henry succeeded Mackenzie on 1 January 2020.[110]
The key trends for BHP are (as of the financial year ending 31 December):
| Revenue (USD billion)[111] | EBIT (USD billion)[112] | Total Assets (USD billion)[113] | Market cap (USD billion)[114] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 8.65 | 0.32 | ... | 18.81 |
| 2005 | 26.72 | 9.48 | 41.84 | 101.19 |
| 2010 | 52.79 | 20.12 | 88.85 | 255.71 |
| 2011 | 71.73 | 31.91 | 102.92 | 186.61 |
| 2012 | 70.47 | 24.86 | 129.27 | 205.15 |
| 2013 | 53.86 | 21.85 | 139.17 | 180.33 |
| 2014 | 56.76 | 22.55 | 151.41 | 127.84 |
| 2015 | 44.63 | 8.76 | 124.58 | 69.19 |
| 2016 | 28.56 | 2.94 | 118.95 | 96.48 |
| 2017 | 35.74 | 12.63 | 117.00 | 122.68 |
| 2018 | 43.12 | 16.25 | 111.99 | 121.93 |
| 2019 | 44.28 | 16.61 | 100.86 | 137.78 |
| 2020 | 38.92 | 14.07 | 105.73 | 165.00 |
| 2021 | 56.92 | 25.15 | 108.92 | 152.29 |
| 2022 | 65.09 | 34.27 | 95.16 | 157.01 |
| 2023 | 53.81 | 23.55 | 101.29 | 172.85 |
| 2024 | 55.65 | 18.23 | 102.36 | 124.52 |
BHP has mining operations in Australia, North America, and South America.[3]
The company has five primary operational units:
The company's mines are as follows:[115]
The BHP Foundation is a philanthropic organisation funded by BHP, which as of October 2023[update] was funding 38 projects in 65 countries.[121] Its Australian programs are focused onIndigenous Australian self-determination, and young people. One of its partner organisations isReconciliation Australia.[122]
BHP is listed as one of the 90fossil fuel extraction and marketing companies responsible for two-thirds of globalgreenhouse gas emissions since the beginning of theindustrial age.[123] Its cumulative emissions as of 2010 have been estimated at 7,606 MtCO2e, representing 0.52% of global industrial emissions between 1751 and 2010, ranking it the 19th-largest corporate polluter.[124] According to BHP management 10% of these emissions are from direct operations, while 90% come from products sold by the company.[125] BHP has been voluntarily reporting its direct GHG emissions since 1996. In 2013, it was criticised for lobbying againstcarbon pricing in Australia.[126] In June 2024, BHP announced that the company was on track to meet its 30% emissions reduction target by 2030 from 2020 baseline levels and did not rule out usingcarbon offsets as part of its $4 billion plan to meet the target.[127]
BHP reported totalCO2e emissions (Direct + Indirect) for the twelve months ending 30 June 2020 at 15,800 Kt.[128]
| Jun 2015 | Jun 2016 | Jun 2017 | Jun 2018 | Jun 2019 | Jun 2020 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 38,300[129] | 18,000[130] | 16,300[131] | 17,000[132] | 15,800[133] | 15,800[128] |
TheOk Tedi environmental disaster caused severe harm to the environment along theOk Tedi River and theFly River in theWestern Province ofPapua New Guinea between around 1984 and 2013. In 1999, BHP reported that 90 million tons of mine waste was annually discharged into the river for more than ten years and destroyed downstream villages, agriculture and fisheries. Mine wastes were deposited along 1,000 km (620 mi) of the Ok Tedi and the Fly River below its confluence with the Ok Tedi, and over an area of 100 km2 (39 sq mi). BHP's CEO, Paul Anderson, said that the Ok Tedi Mine was "not compatible with our environmental values and the company should never have become involved."[134] In the 1990s the communities of the lowerFly Region, including theYonggom people,[135] sued BHP and received US$28.6 million in an out-of-court settlement. Experts predict that it will take 300 years to clean up the toxic contamination.[136]
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In 2015, the company was involved in theBento Rodrigues tailings dam collapse, the worst environmental disaster in the history of the state ofMinas Gerais, Brazil.[116][117][137] On 5 November 2015, aniron ore mine tailings dam near Mariana, south-eastern Brazil, owned and operated by Samarco, a subsidiary of BHP andVale, suffered a catastrophic failure, devastating the nearby town of Bento Rodrigues with the mudflow, killing 19 people, injuring more than 50 and causing enormous ecological damage,[138] and threatening life along theRio Doce and the Atlantic Ocean near the mouth of the Rio Doce.[139] An investigation found the collapse was due to construction and design flaws.[140]
In June 2018, Samarco, Vale and BHP signed an agreement for the Brazilian government to drop a $7 billion civil lawsuit against the mining companies and allow two years for the companies to address the greater US$55 billion civil lawsuit brought by Brazil's federal prosecutors seeking social, environmental and economic compensation.[141] In August 2018, BHP settled a class action suit in the US for US$50 million, with no admission of liability.[142] At the same time, it was facing a class action lawsuit from shareholders in Australia related to the dam failure and losses incurred by shareholders following company disclosures to the market regarding the safety of the dam.[143]
In November 2018, UK-based legal firm SPG Law, nowPogust Goodhead, filed a US$5 billion group action in theHigh Court of Justice atLiverpool under Brazilian law against BHP Billiton on behalf of 235,000 Brazilian individuals and organisations, including municipal governments, utility companies, indigenous tribes and the Catholic Church.[144] BHP continues to deny the claim in its entirety.[145] In August 2025, BHP Group and Vale offered US$1.4 billion to settle the case.[146] On 14 November 2025,High Court judgeFinola O'Farrell ruled BHPstrictly liable for the disaster, citing negligence, technical warnings and lack of essential studies, which permitted the height of the dam to increase beyond safe levels. The group stated it intends to appeal over the decision.[147][148]
BHP has been accused of perpetrating irregularities with respect to drawing waters above the granted limit from the aquifers. Due to which the water table has dropped significantly, making land-based livelihoods less viable for people of the community, many of whom have been forced to relocate to urban areas. In January 2021, theSupreme Court of Chile validated the objections of local indigenous tribes about BHP's water usage and impacts on wetland areas. Later in July, the same court ordered BHP to begin the application process forCerro Colorado operating permits from scratch.[149] In 2023 the mine was closed as its permit expired to extract water from thebofedal-hostingaquifer of Lagunillas expired and was not renewed.[119][150] BHP subsidiary Pampa Norte plans to start works in 2028, with the intention of reopening Cerro Colorado around 2030.[150]
Starting in 2022 indigenousAtacameño people sued BHP'sMinera Escondida,Albemarle andMinera Zaldívar over damages to theMonturaqui-Negrillar-Tilopozo Aquifer. The lawsuit was joined by the Chilean state's Consejo de Defensa del Estado. Minera Escondida argued for its part that any effects of its water extraction have not had time to manifest downstream at the observation sites, due to the slow movement of groundwater, and hence that it was the extraction of the other two companies that had impacted it.[151] The lawsuit ended in December 2024 in a conciliation agreement in which BHP's Minera Escondida and the other two companies were to compensate economically, socially and environmentally the indigenous Comunidad de Peine as well as paying for damages to the meadows of Tilopozo and the lakes of La Punta and La Brava.[152]
From 2019 to 2021, BHP registered six cases of sexual assault and 73 cases of sexual harassment.[153] A survey of 425 workers conducted by The Western Mine Workers' Alliance, showed that two-thirds of female respondents had experienced verbal sexual harassment while working in the FIFO mining industry, with 36% of women and 10% of men having experienced some form of harassment in the last 12 months.[154] In response, BHP terminated or otherwise permanently removed forty eight workers from its sites.[155]
Bad weather caused a BHP Billiton helicopter to crash inAngola on 16 November 2007, killing the helicopter's five occupants. The deceased were: BHP Billiton Angola Chief Operating Officer David Hopgood (Australian), Angola Technical Services Operations Manager Kevin Ayre (British), Wild Dog Helicopters pilot Kottie Breedt (South African), Guy Sommerfield (British) of MMC and Louwrens Prinsloo (Namibian) of Prinsloo Drilling. The helicopter crashed approximately 80 kilometres (50 mi) from the Alto Cuilo diamond exploration camp in Lunda Norte, northeastern Angola. BHP Billiton responded by suspending operations in the country.[156]
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