^1 French Land Register data, which excludesestuaries, and lakes, ponds, and glaciers larger than 1 km2
Aube (French pronunciation:[ob]ⓘohb) is a Frenchdepartment in theGrand Est region of northeastern France. As with sixty departments in France, this department is named after a river: theAube. With 310,242 inhabitants (2019),[3] Aube is the 74th department in terms of population. The inhabitants of the department are known asAubois orAuboises.[4]
The department was constituted by a decree of theNational Assembly of 15 January 1790.
The Aube department is located in the southwest side of the Grand Est region. It borders the departments ofMarne in the north (about 130 km long),Haute-Marne to the east (about 100 km long),Côte-d'Or in the southeast (about 45 km long),Yonne in the southwest (about 175 km long), andSeine-et-Marne in the west (about 45 km long).[5]
Aube is divided into 431 communes totalling 310,242 inhabitants (2019). The most populous commune is the prefectureTroyes. As of 2019, there are 5 communes with more than 10,000 inhabitants:[3]
There are 23 rivers throughout the department,[Note 1] the four main rivers being theSeine, theAube (tributary of the Seine), theArmance (tributary of theArmançon), and theVanne (a tributary of theYonne).
In the same place, there is the Orient Lake and theAmance and Temple lakes wherefishing, recreational water sports, and bathing are available. Each lake specialises in one or more of these activities.
The climate is moderate without intense cold or excessive heat which represents a climate similar tocontinental andoceanic.
Between 1950 and 1985 the average annual temperature recorded in the department was 10.1 °C[7] which is equivalent to the Paris basin and the cities of north-eastern France. The average sunshine hours per year is 1771.
Average annual rainfall is quite high (653.4 mm over 115 days of rain[7]). In general there is more rain in autumn than in winter but rainfall is highest during spring. In contrast summer is the season when rainfall is lowest. There is, however, more rain in the south-east than the north-west.
Snow is relatively infrequent. Prevailing wind is from the west.
Comparison of local Meteorological data with other cities in France[8]
In the Agglomeration of TroyesTCAT (Transport for the Communes of Troyes) provides a transport network between communes. Unlike many networks that are provided by other operators, the agglomeration community of the city is the owner of the company.[11] The network currently serves eleven communes including two outside the Troyes agglomeration. Other cities, includingRomilly-sur-Seine, have no transport network.[12]
Aube also has intercity transport networks. 21 regular bus routes are operated between the major cities of the department. The use of these lines is entrusted to private coaches:Transdev – The Carriers of Aube has 15 routes,[13]Keolis Sud Lorraine has 4 routes,[14]Procars Champagne has 2 routes,[15]Autocars Bardy has one route.[16]
The first inhabitants of Aube were theTricasses andLingones with a substantial human settlement around the year 400 BC.
Saints Potentian and Savinian,[18] Greek priests fromSamos, came to preach thegospel from the middle of the 3rd century.Saint Patroclus was one of the first martyrs of the new faith in the year 259. Shortly afterSaint Jule and some notables of the city ofTricasses also suffered martyrdom. Nevertheless, as elsewhere, the Christian community became large enough to accommodate abishop.Saint Amateur was the first in 340. In the year 286 theBagaudae ravaged the land which forms Aube.Emperor Julian came toTroyes with his army and rescued it.
The territory making up Aube was first attached to France in 843, following theTreaty of Verdun.
The reunion ofChampagne with the kingdom of France was finalised in 1361. Yet people wanted absolutely the incorporation of Champagne but in 1328King Philip VI gave the city ofBar-sur-Seine to Philippe de Croy. The inhabitants, however, ransomed him to return it to the king on the condition that it become inalienable.
The decree of theNational Assembly of 15 January 1790 formally established the department of Aube. Its first president was Augustin-Henri-Marie Picot[19] and his first deputy was Louis Antoine Joseph Robin.Jacques Claude Beugnot was elected attorney-general and also MP.[19]
After the victory of the allies in thebattle of Waterloo on 18 June 1815, the department was occupied by Russian troops from June 1815 to November 1818.
In 1911, following the revolt of thevineyards ofChampagne, largeriots broke out in the department.
In 1919, a decree allowed Aube department to producechampagne for the first time.[20]
In 1932, Turkish presidentMustafa Kemal Atatürk visited Aube and signed a friendship treaty with France there on 4 July 1938.[21]
Aube returns three Deputies to theNational Assembly, two of whom are fromThe Republicans (LR), and two Senators: one UMP and one right-wing independent.
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The economy of Aube has focused on the textile industry since the 19th century. This sector is now in crisis due to the department being in an area of real economic change.
In 2017, the departmental workforce totalled 137,774 with 114,530 persons in employment and 23,244 people unemployed. Men accounted for 51.4% of the active population and women 48.6%.[29]
The Aube department has a high rate of feminization in employment. Nearly half of people with active jobs (48.1% in 2017) are women. The main areas affected by the feminization are trade, transport, textiles, utilities, education, and health. Women are slightly more affected than men by unemployment (51.3% of the unemployed in 2017). This is mainly due to layoffs in the textile sector.
AtTroyes there are three independent local radio stations:
Radio Latitude: that broadcasts programming focused on the dance floor. This was the first local radio station in the department. It broadcasts from Troyes,Romilly-sur-Seine, andVendeuvre-sur-Barse
Theme Radio: community radio broadcasting music and information flashes
Troyes Campus radio: rock music oriented radio and sometimes rap
At Romilly-sur-Seine, in addition to Latitude Radio, there is a local independent radio broadcaster:Radio Aube et Seine.
French Christian Radio (RCF) Aube is located in the department.
All Aube jurisdictions are located in Troyes. The city has aTribunal d'instance and a High Court, a commercial court and anEmployment Tribunal for civil and criminal jurisdictions. There is also a Correctional court and aJuvenile court.
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