Assembly of the Representatives of the People مجلس نواب الشعب Mejlis Nuwwēb esh-She‘b | |
|---|---|
| 3rd legislature | |
 | |
| Type | |
| Type | |
| History | |
| Preceded by | Constituent Assembly of Tunisia |
New session started | 13 March 2023 (2023-03-13) |
| Leadership | |
First Deputy Speaker | |
Second Deputy Speaker | |
| Structure | |
 | |
Political groups |
|
| Elections | |
| Two-round system | |
Last election | 17 December 2022 |
| Meeting place | |
 | |
| Bardo Palace,Le Bardo (nearTunis) | |
| Website | |
| www | |
36°48′31″N10°08′07″E / 36.8087°N 10.1353°E /36.8087; 10.1353
TheAssembly of the Representatives of the People (Arabic:مجلس نواب الشعبMejlis Nuwwēb esh-She‘b,French:Assemblée des représentants du peuple;ARP) is thelower house of theParliament of Tunisia. The Assembly replaced theConstituent Assembly and was firstelected on 26 October 2014.[1] The legislature consists of 161 seats.[2] Before the2011 revolution, Tunisia's parliament consisted of an upper chamber called theChamber of Advisors and a lower chamber called theChamber of Deputies.
Tunisia's electoral law requires "vertical gender parity", i.e. male and female candidates must alternate within each party's regional list of candidates. Consequently, as of 2015, 68 of the chamber's members are women, the highest proportion of female legislative representatives in the Arab world.[3]
The first elections to the Assemblywere held on 26 October 2014, slightly under four years since the conclusion of theTunisian Revolution, and slightly under three years since the election to the Constituent Assembly.Nidaa Tounes gained a plurality of votes, winning 85 seats in the 217-seat parliament, beating theEnnahda Movement (69 seats) and many smaller parties.
The second election to the Assembly was held on 6 October 2019. During the election, civil society groups were concerned about the spread of hate speech and disinformation on social media. In 2019 Facebook implemented policy measures that address political and election-related conversations on the site in India, Australia, the United States, the United Kingdom, the EU, Brazil, and Canada. These policies allow for data on ad campaigns to be released for study to help improve future democratic elections. Such policies had not yet been implemented in the Middle East or North Africa. During the election, Facebook was one of the main platforms for campaigning. The camping data was primarily inaccessible to any observation agency. This lack of information raised concerns for civil society groups that wished to study the data and monitor the spread of disinformation during the election.[4]
On 25 July 2021, in light ofviolent demonstrations against the government demanding the improvement of basic services and amid a growingCOVID-19 outbreak,Saiedsuspended parliament for thirty days and waiving the immunity of the parliament members and ordering the military to close the parliament house.
On 24 August 2021, Saied extended the suspension of parliament, although the constitution states the parliament can only be suspended for a month, raising concerns in some quarters about the future of democracy in the country. There is currently noconstitutional court [fr] in Tunisia to offer jurisdiction in his interpretation of the constitution.
On 22 September, Saied announced that he will rule by decree and ignore parts of the constitution.
On 13 December 2021, Saied extended the suspension of the parliament until a new election takes place, and announced a nationwide public consultation that would take place from 1 January until 20 March 2022 to gather suggestions for constitutional and other reforms after which Saied would appoint a committee of experts to draft a new constitution, to be ready by June ahead of the referendum that will take place on 25 July 2022. He said that new parliamentary elections will be held on 17 December 2022, after going through the referendum and preparing a new electoral system.[5]
On 30 March 2022 president Saied ordered the formal dissolution of the Assembly, in order to "preserve the state and its institutions". Some hours before, parliamentarians held a plenary session online and voted through a bill against Saied's "exceptional measures".[6]
A year after president Saied formally dissolved the Assembly, the new parliament sat for the first time in March 2023. This was the first time parliament sat since the previous parliament was sealed by the army in 2021 and since the elections in December 2022 and January 2023.
Both elections were boycotted by large parts of the population, with only 11% of the eligible voters voting in the elections. The session was heavily restricted with only journalists from the state broadcaster and official state news agency allowed inside the building to report on the events of the first session, while dozens of reporters protested outside.[7]