| Assassination of Airey Neave | |
|---|---|
| Part ofthe Troubles | |
 The wreckage of Neave's car on the ramp of the House of Commons' car park | |
 Interactive map of Assassination of Airey Neave | |
| Location | City of Westminster,London, England |
| Date | 30 March 1979; 46 years ago (1979-03-30) 14:58 (UTC) |
| Target | Airey Neave |
Attack type | Bombing |
| Weapon | Booby trap bomb |
| Deaths | 1 (the target) |
| Perpetrator | Irish National Liberation Army |
On 30 March 1979,Airey Neave, BritishShadow Secretary of State for Northern Ireland, was assassinated by theIrish National Liberation Army with a bomb fixed under his car. The bomb detonated in the car park of thePalace of Westminster in London and mortally wounded Neave, who died shortly after being admitted to hospital.[1]
TheIrish National Liberation Army (INLA), and its political wing theIrish Republican Socialist Party, was formed at a meeting in aDublin hotel in December 1974.[2][3] In 1975 it began carrying out aparamilitary campaign inNorthern Ireland on British Government facilities and officials with the strategic objective of removing Northern Ireland from theUnited Kingdom, using the front names of the "People's Liberation Army",[4] and the "Armagh People's Republican Army".[5]
Through the 1970s Neave, an influentialConservativeMember of Parliament, had been advocating within British political circles for an abandonment of theBritish Government's strategy of a containment of Irish paramilitary violence in Northern Ireland against the British State, and for the adoption of strategy of waging a military offensive against it, seeking its martial defeat. This brought him to the attention of both theProvisional Irish Republican Army and the INLA as a potential threat to their organisations and activities. A member of INLA's leadership later stated:
He (Neave) was coming in on the heels ofMason to settle the Northern problem, and made Mason look like a lamb. He wanted to bring in moreSpecial Air Service, and take the war to the enemy.[6]
Following the Labour Government's defeat in the House of Commons on a vote of no confidence on 28 March 1979, a general election was called in the United Kingdom, and with the Conservatives expected to win the election, Neave, as the party'sShadow Secretary of State for Northern Ireland, was set to become the newSecretary of State for Northern Ireland, which would place him in a position of governmental executive authority to bring his military strategy for the province into fruition.
On Friday 30 March 1979 two INLA paramilitaries gained entry to the House of Commons' underground car park posing as workmen, carrying the bomb in a tool box. Once inside they identified Neave's car, and fixed a 16-ounce (450 g) explosive device with a mercurytilt detonator on to the floor panel under the driver's seat.
Neave left the House of Commons a few minutes before 3 p.m. As he drove up the underground car park's exit ramp the angle tilted the bomb's mercury switch and it exploded, the blast knocking Neave unconscious, severing his legs and trapping him in the mangled wreckage of the vehicle. Neave was cut free from the wreckage by the emergency services, and rushed toWestminster Hospital by ambulance, dying there a few minutes after arrival, not having regained consciousness.[7][8]
The INLA issued a statement regarding the attack in the August 1979 edition of its publicationThe Starry Plough:[9]
In March, retired terrorist and supporter of capital punishment, Airey Neave, got a taste of his own medicine when an INLA unit pulled off the operation of the decade and blew him to bits inside the 'impregnable' Palace of Westminster. Margaret Thatcher said on television that he was an 'incalculable loss' – and so he was – to the British ruling class.
Margaret Thatcher was due to broadcast to the nation that evening, but cancelled her plans due to her grief at Neave's death.[10] The House of Commons decided to resume its business less than an hour after the tragedy, withLabourChief WhipMichael Cocks and ConservativeNorman St John-Stevas taking the view that "legislation should not be baulked by murdering thugs."[10]
Neave's death came just two days after thevote of no confidence which brought down Callaghan's government and a month before the 1979general election, which saw a Conservative victory and Thatcher come to power as Prime Minister. Neave's wife Diana, whom he married on 29 December 1942, was subsequently elevated to theHouse of Lords asBaroness Airey of Abingdon.
Neave's biographerPaul Routledge met a member of theIrish Republican Socialist Party (the political wing of INLA) who was involved in the killing of Neave and who told Routledge that Neave "would have been very successful at that job [Northern Ireland Secretary]. He would have brought the armed struggle to its knees".[11]
As a result of Neave's assassination the INLA was declared illegal across the whole of the United Kingdom on 2 July 1979.[12]
Neave's body was buried in the graveyard of St. Margaret's Church atHinton Waldrist, inOxfordshire.
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