 | This articleneeds additional citations forverification. Please helpimprove this article byadding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Article" publishing – news ·newspapers ·books ·scholar ·JSTOR(December 2024) (Learn how and when to remove this message) |
Anarticle orpiece is awritten work published in aprint orelectronic medium, for the propagation of news, research results, academic analysis or debate.
Anews article discusses current or recent news of either general interest (i.e. dailynewspapers) or of a specific topic (i.e. political or trade newsmagazines, club newsletters or technology news websites).[citation needed]
A news article can include accounts of eyewitnesses to the happening event. It can contain photographs, accounts, statistics, graphs, recollections, interviews, polls, debates on the topic, etc. Headlines can be used to focus the reader's attention on a particular (or main) part of the article. The writer can also give facts and detailed information following answers to general questions likewho, what, when, where, why and how.[citation needed]
Quoted references can also be helpful. References to people can also be made through the written accounts of interviews and debates confirming the factuality of the writer's information and the reliability of his source. The writer can use redirection to ensure that the reader keeps reading the article and to draw her attention to other articles. For example, phrases like "Continued on page 3" redirect the reader to a page where the article is continued.[citation needed]
While a good conclusion is an important ingredient for newspaper articles, the immediacy of a deadline environment means thatcopy editing occasionally takes the form of deleting everything past an arbitrary point in the story corresponding to the dictates of available space on a page. Therefore, newspaper reporters are trained to write ininverted pyramid style, with all the most important information in the first paragraph or two. If the less vital details are pushed toward the end of the story, then the potentially destructive impact of draconian copy editing will be minimized.[citation needed]
Types of news articles include:
Electronic articles are articles in scholarly journals or magazines that can be accessed via electronic transmission. They are a specialized form ofelectronic document, with a specialized content, purpose, format,metadata and availability – they consist of individual articles from scholarly journals or magazines (and now sometimes popular magazines), they have the purpose of providing material for academic research and study, they are formatted approximately like printed journal articles, the metadata is entered into specialized databases, such as theDirectory of Open Access Journals as well as the databases for the discipline, and they are predominantly available throughacademic libraries and speciallibraries, generally at a fixed charge.
Electronic articles can be found inonline-only journals (par excellence), but in the 21st century they have also become common as online versions of articles that also appear in printed journals. The practice ofpublishing of an electronic version of an article before it later appears in print is sometimes calledepub ahead of print (particularly inPubMed),[3][4]ahead of print (AOP),article in press orarticle-in-press (AIP), oradvanced online publication (AOP) (for example, in the context ofCrossRef).[5]
Theversion of record (VoR) represents the definitive form of the article. Electronic VoRs remain largely stable, although a few types of changes may be made: most importantly, errors in the VoR, whose corrections are announced byerrata or corrigenda, are often corrected within an electronic VoR itself, so that readers of the VoR will not be unnecessarily confused or misled, and the VoR then makes reference to the erratum or corrigendum for clarity's sake. The other class of changes is that if an author in thebyline has had a legalname change since the VoR was published, the byline of the electronic VoR may be updated to show their current name, depending on each publisher's stated policy.
The termelectronic articles can also be used for the electronic versions of less formal publications, such as online archives, working paper archives from universities, government agencies, private and public think tanks and institutes and private websites. In many academic areas, specializedbibliographic databases are available to find their online content.
Most commercial sites aresubscription-based or sell pay-per-view access. Many universities subscribe to electronic journals to provide access to their students and faculty, sometimes other people. An increasing number of journals are now available with open access, requiring no subscription. Most working paper archives and articles on personal homepages are free, as are collections ininstitutional repositories andsubject repositories.
The most common formats of transmission areHTML,PDF and, in specialized fields like mathematics and physics,TeX andPostScript.
