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Arin:ar, ara | |
|---|---|
| Total population | |
| merged withKhakas (Kachin subgroup) andRussians | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| middleYenisey | |
| Languages | |
| Khakas language (Kachin dialect [ru]),Russian language, formerlyArin | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| otherYeniseian people |
TheArins were aYeniseian people, part of the peoples sometimes calledOstyaks. Bymixing andRussification, they were assimilated by the 19th century. Today, they are aseok of theKhakas.
The Arins appear to have an ancient south Siberian origin, as evidenced by their development ofblacksmithing, like other southern tribes of the Iron Age.[1] According toGerhard Friedrich Müller, the name 'Arin' originates fromTurkicара 'wasp'.[2] In Khakas folklore, the Arins were strong and powerful, originating fromGora Karaul'naya [ru] (Yenisei Kyrgyz,Khakas:Kum-Tigey), today a part ofKrasnoyarsk. They attacked and killed many people in the manner of a swarm of wasps, hence the name. A legend tells of their massacre of snakes near Mount Kum-Tigey, after which Chylan Khan (Khakas:Чылан-хан), the Snake King, nearly exterminated the Arins. A story telling the demise of theScythians after a fight with snakes in the history ofHerodotus bears similarities with the one about the Arins.
The Arins, along with the closely relatedYastins, lived nomadically around modernKrasnoyarsk, also inhabitingSukhobuzimsky District,Yemelyanovsky District and further west to theKemchug [ru] river. They revered Kum-Tigey, as it was their ancestral mountain. Already in the 17th-18th century, the Arins were mentioned as a disappearing ethnic group.[1] After the foundation ofKrasnoyarsk Fortress [ru] in 1628, the Arins, then numbering 640, had their traditional territory reduced.[2] They then, with the Kachins, formed a suburbanyasak land, under the common name of "Krasnoyarsk Tatars". The Arins who inhabited this land were cattle breeders and farmers, and did not differ in appearance, way of life, economy and social organization. In the 18th century, some Arins moved south and made a separateseok within the Tatyshev administrative clan.
By 1740, the original Arin language was extinct and the population had switched to Turkic.[3]
In the 19th century, the last Arins had beenTurkified orRussified; those in close contact with the Kachins may have been incorporated into the Khakas. The Arin are mentioned as the seok "aara" (Khakas:аара) as a component of the Kachin subgroup.
The Arins have left toponymic traces in their former territory; examples include theBuzim [ru] river (from ArinБу-Зим 'muddy river')[4] and the village ofAreyskoye [ru].[5] Streets in north Krasnoyarsk take their name from the Arins, Arinskaya and Abytayevskaya. The island ofTatyshev [ru] is named after the Arin "princeling" known as Tatysh in Turkic. Tatysh's son Bugach has ariver [ru], a city microdistrict, the suburban village Bugachevo, and arailway station [ru] named after him.