Ariha أَرِيحَا
Town
Ariha Location in Syria
Coordinates:35°49′N36°36′E / 35.817°N 36.600°E /35.817; 36.600
Country	Syria
Governorate	Idlib Governorate
District	Ariha District
Subdistrict	Ariha Nahiyah
Elevation	680 m (2,230 ft)
Population  (2004)
• Total	39,501
Demonym(s)	Arabic:ريحاوي,romanized: Rīḥāwi
Time zone	UTC+2 (EET)
• Summer (DST)	+3

Ariha (Arabic:أَرِيحَا,romanized: ʾArīḥā), also calledRiha (رِيحَا,Rīḥā), is a town in northwestSyria, administratively part of theIdlib Governorate, located south ofIdlib. Nearby localities includeUrum al-Jawz to the southwest,Sarjah to the south,Kafr Latah to the southeast,Maar Bilit to the east,al-Nayrab to the northeast,Nahlaya andal-Mastumah to the north,Kurin to the northwest andMaataram to the west. According to theSyria Central Bureau of Statistics, Ariha had a population of 39,501 in the 2004 census.^[1] The town is also the administrative centre of theAriha District and the Arihanahiyah (subdistrict), which consists of 24 localities, with a combined population of 83,487 in 2004.^[1]

During the era of theRoman Empire andEastern Roman Empire, Ariha was administratively dependent onAntioch. It reached its peak between 240 and 350 AD, as it became an important center ofChristianity. The city was captured by theRashidun army led byAmr ibn al-As in 636, and it became part ofJund Qinnasrin. During theAyyubid era, it was under the administration ofAleppo and again then ofQinnasrin.

The Syrian geographerYaqut al-Hamawi wrote in 1226 that Ariha was a small town in the district ofAleppo and "one of the pleasantest and best of the places on God's earth." He remarked that it was abundant in orchards, gardens and rivers.^[2]

Ariha was badly damaged in anearthquake in 1822.

In the mid-19th century, Orientalist Albert Socin passed by Ariha, noting that it had an estimated 3,000 inhabitants and was "beautifully situated" among olive orchards at the northern base ofJabal Zawiya.^[3]

During theSyrian Civil War, Ariha was the scene of fighting between government and rebel forces. TheFree Syrian Army repelled a series of government assaults between March and June 2012, despite the government's ability to execute combined arms operations involving armored vehicles, artillery, and helicopter gunships.^[4] The city was retaken by the government on 11 August 2012.^[5]

By late July 2013, rebels controlled parts of Ariha, while government forces occupied three checkpoints inside the town.^[6]

On 25 May 2014, theal-Nusra Front and theSuqour al-Sham Brigade launched a two-pronged assault on the southern Ariha hills with the objective of seizing two military outposts; the Fanar Restaurant Checkpoint and the Shami Military Installation sit atop two peaks in the area south of the town and control access to the southern neighborhoods of Ariha via two access roads. At 6 in the morning, the al-Nusra Front with support from Suqour al-Sham detonated fourSVBIEDs against government infrastructure targets. All four SVBIEDs exploded in the Jabal al-Arbaeen area on the southern outskirts of Ariha. The first SVBIED, driven byMoner Mohammad Abu Salha, a 22-year-old American man from Florida, approached the Fanar Restaurant Checkpoint from the southwest along a dirt road. The 16-ton armored truck completely destroyed the checkpoint and caused it to crumble in on itself, leaving only few survivors to defend it. Over the course of the battle, two more SVBIEDs exploded to the west of Fanar, targeting the Shami Military Complex. The first two SVBIEDs targeted the Commander'’s building and Shami Checkpoint. One final VBIED targeted the Aram building, however the driver of the VBIED was able to park his vehicle and escape uninjured. The four explosions were followed by a barrage of artillery and gunfire. By the end of the dayJabhat al-Nusra and Suquor al-Sham had seized both the Fanar and Shami Checkpoints in one of the largest coordinatedSVBIED attacks since the beginning of 2014.^[7] However, on 13 October 2014, it was reported that rebels destroyed a governmentAPC at al-Fanar Checkpoint.^[8]

On 24 August 2014, rebels captured Ariha. The M4 passes through Ariha before connecting with the M5 in Saraqib. Controlling the section of the M4 in Ariha allowed opposition forces to cut off the government's supply line from Latakia toIdlib andAleppo cities. Two days later, on 26 August, rebels attacked the government-controlled Qiyasat checkpoint next to Ariha, destroying a government tank in their attempt to disrupt the government's supply line from Idlib to Latakia. "The rebels are trying to capture Ariha so they can move closer to [Idlib]," Ines Qadur, an independent journalist in the south of Idlib, told Syria Direct, "where they will be able to make Idlib city the next battle front.".^[9] However, after 10 days of bombardment, government forces recaptured the town on September 3.^[10][11]

On 25 May 2015, theArmy of Conquest led by theal-Qaeda-linkedal-Nusra Front captured Ariha from government forces.^[12][13]

On 12 January 2017,Russian warplanes raided around Ariha, killing anUyghurTurkistan Islamic Party leader Abu Rida al-Turkistani and his family.^[14][15] Doğu Türkistan Bülteni Haber Ajansı said that Russian planes bombed the families of militant jihadist Uyghur fighters inIdlib and theTIP retaliated by firing rockets against Iranian militias.^[16]

On 21 February 2018, theSyrian Liberation Front captured Ariha fromTahrir al-Sham.^[17] In January 2019, Tahrir al-Sham recaptured Ariha.^[18]

Ariha has ahot-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification:Csa).

• Cities in Syria
• Populated places in Ariha District

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