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| Armed Forces of the Argentine Republic | |
|---|---|
| Fuerzas Armadas de la República Argentina | |
  .svg) | |
| Founded | 29 May 1810 |
| Current form | 9 September 1948[1] |
| Service branches | |
| Leadership | |
| Commander-in-chief | PresidentJavier Gerardo Milei |
| Minister of Defense | Luis Petri |
| Chief of the Joint General Staff | Brigadier GeneralXavier Isaac |
| Expenditure | |
| Budget | $2.9 billion (2022)[2][3] |
| Industry | |
| Domestic suppliers | Argentine defense industry |
| Foreign suppliers |  United States France Germany Spain Israel Brazil Austria Russia Italy Belgium Sweden Turkey |
| Related articles | |
| History | Military history of Argentina Warfare directory of Argentina Wars involving Argentina Battles involving Argentina |
| Ranks | Military ranks of Argentina |
TheArmed Forces of the Argentine Republic (Spanish:Fuerzas Armadas de la República Argentina) are the combinedarmed forces ofArgentina. It is controlled by the Commander-in-Chief (thePresident) and a civilianMinister of Defense. In addition to theArmy,Navy andAir Force, there are two security forces, controlled by the Ministry of Security, which can be mobilized on occasion of an armed conflict: theNational Gendarmerie, agendarmerie used to guard borders and places of strategic importance; and theNaval Prefecture, acoast guard used to protect internal major rivers and maritime territory.
Traditionally, Argentina maintains close defense cooperation and military-supply relationships with the United States and to a lesser extent, with Israel, Canada, Germany, France, Spain, Belarus, Italy, and Russia.
As of 2024, the current Chief of the General Staff is the Air Force Brigadier General Xavier Isaac.[4]
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The oldest forces of the Argentinian military are the Argentinian Army and the Argentinian Navy, both created in 1810, during theArgentine War of Independence, while the Argentinian Air Force was established in 1945. The Argentine military played a role in the institutional life of the country, during a series of coups d'état that took place in the 20th century.
After theRevolución Libertadora coup that deposed presidentJuan Domingo Perón in 1955, the armed forces split into opposing sectors namedAzules y colorados ("Blues and Reds"). The fight would end in 1963 with military clashes and the defeat of thereds who were opposed to Perón.
In 1965, the Argentine military conducted a 10-man patrol on Antarctica calledOperación 90 under then-Colonel Jorge E. Leal to perform scientific observations and promote Argentina's claim to a portion of the continent.
In 1975 the armed forces started a massive operation in theTucumán Province to crush theERP (Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo or People's Revolutionary Army) guevarist guerrilla group which attempted to create a "revolutionary foco in this remote and mountainous province, in the north-west of Argentina."
The last military dictatorship, theNational Reorganization Process, lasted from 1976 to 1983. AsIsabel Perón was unable to defeat the terrorist organizations ofMontoneros andERP, the military took power during the1976 Argentine coup d'état and exterminated the violent communist guerrillas by random detentions, torture or death. The government ofCristina Fernández de Kirchner that sympathized withPerón, antagonized the Armed Forces with the justification of the past junta and limited the powers of the armed forced to avoidstate terrorism of the past.
On 2 April 1982, Argentine forces invaded the British overseas territory of theFalkland Islands, followed shortly afterwards by the invasion of South Georgia. Britain sent a task force to recover the islands. Argentina surrendered on 14 June. The political effect of the surrender led to protests against the dictatorship, which hastened its downfall.
The democratic government ofRaúl Alfonsín that took office in 1983 prosecuted the 1970s crimes and made the unprecedented (and only Latin American example)Trial of the Juntas and soon the Army was rocked by uprisings and internal infighting. Far-right sectors of the Army rebelled in theCarapintadas (painted faces) movement. To contain the rebellions, Alfonsín promoted theFull stop law and theLaw of due obedience. The following president,Carlos Menem, gave the presidentialpardon to the military found guilty in the Trial of the Juntas. It would not be until 1990, when the last military uprising in Argentine history was crushed, that the political conflict within the Army finally subsided.
In January 1989, during thesubversive attack on La Tablada, the Army usedwhite phosphorus in a violation of theGeneva Convention (according to a document presented by the human rights commission of theUnited Nations on January 12, 2001).[5]
Argentina was the only Latin American country to participate in the 1991Gulf War sending a destroyer and a corvette in first term and a supply ship and another corvette later to participate on the United Nations blockade and sea control effort of the gulf. The success of "Operación Alfil" (English: "Operation Bishop") as it was known, with more than 700 interceptions and 25,000 nautical miles (46,000 km) sailed on the operations theatre helped to overcome the so-called "Malvinas syndrome".[citation needed]
From 1990 to 1992, the Baradero-class patrol boats were deployed under UN mandate ONUCA to the Gulf of Fonseca in Central America. In 1994, the three Drummond-class corvettes participated on Operation Uphold Democracy in Haiti.[citation needed]
Also, in the 1990s, Argentine Armed Forces began a close defense cooperation and friendship policy with neighbors Brazil and Chile, with emphasis on fulfillment ofUnited Nations mandates.
The Argentine military have been reduced both in number and budget, but became more professional, especially afterconscription was abolished by president Menem. The British embargo due to theFalklands War (Spanish:Guerra de las Malvinas) was officially eliminated and Argentina was grantedMajor Non-NATO ally status by United States PresidentBill Clinton.[6]
The modern Argentine Armed Forces are committed to internationalpeacekeeping under United Nations mandates, humanitarian aid on emergencies relief and support the country's continuous presence atAntarctica.
Democratic governments since 1983 streamlined the military budget and did not approve any large scale equipment purchases. Argentina military spending is one of the lowest of South America[7][8] and as of 2010, its 0.9% ofGDP only exceedsSuriname[9] Within the defence budget itself funding for training and even basic maintenance was significantly cut, a factor contributing to theaccidental loss of the Argentine submarine San Juan in 2017. The result has been a steady erosion of Argentine military capabilities, with some arguing that Argentina had, by the end of the 2010s, ceased to be a capable military power.[10]
The small-scale capability modernization that Argentina has attempted has been actively opposed by the United Kingdom. In 2019 theArgentine Air Force and government selected the KoreanKAI FA-50 as its interim fighter to replace its aging Falklands-vintage aircraft. However, the deal was cancelled in early 2020 leaving the Air Force without a fighter replacement. British intervention was apparently a key factor in the cancellation with Britain stopping the export of the aircraft incorporating various British components.[11] In October 2020, Korea Aerospace Industries (KAI) confirmed that since major components of the aircraft were supplied by the U.K., the aircraft could not be exported to Argentina. Britain similarly blocked the potential sale of Brazilian license-builtSaab Gripen aircraft to Argentina given avionics that were of British origin.[12]
In 2003, for the first time, the Argentine Navy (classified as a major non-NATO ally) interoperated with a United States Navy battlegroup when destroyer ARA Sarandí (D-13) joined the USS Enterprise Carrier Strike Group and Destroyer Squadron 18 as a part of Exercise Solid Step during their tour in the Mediterranean Sea.[citation needed]
On June 12, 2006, PresidentNéstor Kirchner brought into force the Defense Law, which had been passed in 1988 as a means to modernize the doctrine of the armed forces and define their role.[citation needed] The law states that the armed forces will only be used against foreign aggression, and reduces the powers of the heads of the armed services, centralizing whole operational and acquisitions decisions under the authority of the Armed Forces Joint General Staff (Spanish:Estado Mayor Conjunto de las Fuerzas Armadas – EMC ) emphasizingJointness.[citation needed]
In 2007, an agreement for cooperation in peace operations was signed with France.[13]
A combined Argentinian-Chilean force for futureUnited Nations Mandates was created.[14] NamedCruz del Sur (English:Southern Cross), the new force began assembly in 2008 with its headquarters alternating between the two countries each year.[15]
In 2009,UNASUR, the South American countries union, created the CDS ( Spanish:Consejo de Defensa Sudamericano (South American Defence council) in order to promote cooperation and transparency between their armed forces[16]
As of 2011, they perform with Chile the PARACACH (Patrulla de Rescate Antártica Combinada Argentina-Chile, Argentine Chilean Antarctic combined search and rescue patrol) with support from the German Space Agency which provided satellite imagery[17]
The three branches of the Argentine Armed Forces are under the direct authority of theDefense Ministry, while the Argentine National Gendarmerie and the Argentine Naval Prefecture, as security forces, under the direct authority of the Ministry of Security.
| Armed Forces (responsible to Defence Ministry) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English | Spanish | Acronym | Description | Official website |
| Ministry of Defense | Ministerio de Defensa | MINDEF | Federal ministry | https://web.archive.org/web/20161014182417/http://www.mindef.gov.ar/ |
| Argentine Army (includesIntelligence Service) | Ejército Argentino | EA | Army | http://www.ejercito.mil.ar/ |
| Argentine Navy (includesIntelligence Service) | Armada de la República Argentina | ARA | Navy | https://web.archive.org/web/20161015004044/http://www.ara.mil.ar/ |
| Argentine Air Force (includesIntelligence Service) | Fuerza Aérea Argentina | FAA | Air force | https://web.archive.org/web/19971014225715/http://www.faa.mil.ar/ |
| Security Forces (responsible to Ministry of Security) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English | Spanish | Acronym | Class | Official website |
| Ministry of Security | Ministerio de Seguridad | MINSEG | Federal ministry | http://www.minseg.gob.ar/ |
| Argentine National Gendarmerie (includesScorpion Group) | Gendarmería Nacional Argentina | GNA | Gendarmerie | https://www.argentina.gob.ar/gendarmeria |
| Argentine Naval Prefecture (includesAlbatros Group) | Prefectura Naval Argentina | PNA | Coast guard | https://web.archive.org/web/20160117010806/http://www.prefecturanaval.gov.ar/ |
| Inter-service institutions | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English | Spanish | Acronym | Class | Official website |
| Armed Forces Joint General Staff (includesIntelligence Service) | Estado Mayor Conjunto de las Fuerzas Armadas | EMCFA | Joint high command | https://web.archive.org/web/20161012085249/http://www.fuerzas-armadas.mil.ar/ |
| National Directorate of Strategic Military Intelligence | Dirección Nacional de Inteligencia Estratégica Militar | DNIEM | Intelligence support agency | https://web.archive.org/web/20161014182417/http://www.mindef.gov.ar/ |
| National Geographic Institute | Instituto Geográfico Nacional | IGN | Geographic support agency | http://www.ign.gov.ar/[permanent dead link] |
| Armed Forces Intelligence Institute | Instituto de Inteligencia de las Fuerzas Armadas | IIFA | Intelligence support agency | https://web.archive.org/web/20070517091519/http://www.iifa.mil.ar/ |
| Armed Forces Scientific and Technical Research Centre (includesInformation Security, Section 6) | Centro de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de las Fuerzas Armadas | CITEFA | Research and development agency | http://www.citefa.gov.ar/Archived 2017-09-17 at theWayback Machine |
| Argentine Joint Training Centre for Peace Operations | Centro Argentino de Entrenamiento Conjunto para Operaciones de Paz | CAECOPAZ | Specialized training centre | https://web.archive.org/web/20060501014635/http://www.fuerzas-armadas.mil.ar/caecopaz/index.htm |
Argentina was the only South American country to send warships and cargo planes in 1991 to theGulf War underUN mandate and has remained involved inpeacekeeping efforts in multiple locations likeUNPROFOR inCroatia/Bosnia,Gulf of Fonseca,UNFICYP inCyprus (where among Army and Marines troops the Air Force provided the UN Air contingent since 1994) andMINUSTAH inHaiti.
UNFICYP was also a precedent in the Latin American military as troops ofBolivia, Brazil,Chile,Paraguay,Peru andUruguay are embedded in the Argentine contingent[18]
Since 1999 and as of June 2006, Argentina is the only Latin American country to maintain troops inKosovo duringSFOR (and laterEUFOR) operations wherecombat engineers of the Argentine Armed Forces are embedded in anItalian brigade.
In 2007, an Argentine contingent including helicopters, boats and water purification plants was sent to helpBolivia against their worst floods in decades.[19] In 2010 the Armed Forces were also involved inHaiti andChile humanitarian responses after their respective earthquakes.
Argentine military forces formed part of[20]
And as military observers inUNTSO,MINURSO,UNMIL,MONUC,UNMIS andUNOCI.
Argentina was also responsible for theWhite Helmets initiative.
_and_an_Argentinean_P-3_aircraft_patrol_the_northern_approach_to_the_Panama_Canal.jpg)
This article incorporatespublic domain material fromThe World Factbook (2025 ed.).CIA. (Archived 2006 edition.) This article incorporatespublic domain material fromU.S. Bilateral Relations Fact Sheets.United States Department of State.
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