Archidona | |
|---|---|
 Archidona | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
 Municipal location in the Province of Málaga | |
  Archidona Location in Spain Show map of Province of Málaga Archidona Archidona (Andalusia) Show map of Andalusia Archidona Archidona (Spain) Show map of Spain | |
| Coordinates:37°06′N4°23′W / 37.100°N 4.383°W /37.100; -4.383 | |
| Sovereign state |  Spain |
| Autonomous community |  Andalusia |
| Province |  Málaga |
| Comarca | Comarca of Antequera |
| Government | |
| Area | |
• Total | 185.59 km2 (71.66 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 666 m (2,185 ft) |
| Population (2018)[1] | |
• Total | 8,288 |
| • Density | 45/km2 (120/sq mi) |
| Demonym | Archidoneses |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Website | www.archidona.es |
Archidona is a town and municipality in the province ofMálaga, part of theautonomous community ofAndalusia in southernSpain. It is the center of thecomarca of Nororiental de Málaga[2] and the head of the judicial district that bears its name.[3] It earned the title of city in 1901.
It covers an area of 187 km2 extending from the east side of theHoya of Antequera. The city is located at a height of 666 meters in the foothills of the Sierra de Gracia. With 8,858 inhabitants, Archidona is the most populous municipality in the comarca. The population is concentrated in the main urban centers of the same name and in Salinas, Estación de Archidona and Huertas del Río. The municipality is situated approximately 50 kilometers from the city ofMálaga and 20 km fromAntequera.
Archaeological finds confirm the presence of settlers in the area from theLower Paleolithic. The oldest permanent settlement correspond to Escua, founded by thePhoenicians, and Ulisis, inhabited byTurduli and Romans. During theMuslim period,Medina Arxiduna achieved notoriety by becoming the capital ofRayya Cora. In hisalcazaba he was proclaimedEmirAbd al-Rahman I in 756, leading to the establishment of the Emirate of Cordoba inal-Andalus. After the Christian conquest in 1462, the town remained under the seigniorial jurisdiction of theHouse of Osuna.
The city was declared aHistoric-Artistic Site in 1980 forBaroque urban andarchitectural heritage.[4] The municipality is home to several archaeological sites from different periods and areas of ecological interest such as the Natural Lagoons Reserve of Archidona and Hoz de Marín. It is also the headquarters of the Andalusian and Mediterranean Cinema Displays.
The natives are calledArchidoneses.
There are different hypotheses about the etymological origin Archidona. According to J. H. Xavarino, the current name come from the pre-Roman expressionarri-exi-dun-a, which means "the one with stone fence." He also pointed to a Latin origin of the expressionArx Domina orArcis Domina, which means "lady of the heights", but no evidence has been found that supports this.[5]
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