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TheAragonese language has many regionaldialects, which can be grouped by valley or largercomarca areas. The area where Aragonese is spoken has quite a ruggedrelief and is generally sparsely populated with many tracts and valleys pretty isolated from each other. In the literature about the language, the termdialect is ambiguous and can be used to refer to well-known valleyvarieties, such ascheso oransotano. Aragonese speakers can be classified into four groups or main dialectal areas followingFrancho Nagore [es]: Western, Central, Eastern, and Southern. There is a centuries-olddiglossia that has favored the lack of unitary awareness among Aragonese speakers; in areas where the language has been best preserved, Aragonese speakers often use local names for their dialect.
The most accepted dialectal classification is the one by Francho Nagore, who classified Aragonese varieties into 4 groups:[1][2]
For some, these groups are considered complex dialects and their internal variations, such as Cheso or Chistabino, would be regional variants. For others, the four groups are the constituent dialects of the Aragonese language and the variants that they include would be subdialects, spoken locally or regionally.
Although the Nagore classification with four dialectal areas is the most widespread, other authors have proposed alternatives. For Chusé Raúl Usón and Chabier Tomás, there would be three historical dialects that correspond more or less to the three old Pyrenean counties:[3]
Fernando Sánchez proposed a classification that posits the existence of two great variants/dialects: Western and Eastern. These would also have more extreme subvarieties:[4]
The eastern area includes a large part of the historicCounty of Ribagorza, plus eastern parts ofSobrarbe, and has many features in common withCatalan, with increasing similarity as one moves east.
Some common features of the group are:
The Western Aragonese area corresponds to theJacetania region, plus part ofAlto Gállego and a few towns inCinco Villas. Western dialects includeAnsó Aragonese,Hecho Aragonese,Aragüés Aragonese, andAísa Aragonese.
Common features:
Southern dialects includeNevalese. They are the ones more influenced by theSpanish language, and in recent times most of them have lost all but a few of their Aragonese features, merging with the Spanish dialects spoken to the south of the area.
Corresponds to part ofAlto Gállego and western parts ofSobrarbe. Features:
Western Block:
Central Block:
Eastern Block:
Southern Block:
Transition Dialects
There are different degrees of similarities between variants:
The topography in the form of well-separated valleys has caused the Aragonese language to have evolved into a dialect or locally spoken language in each valley:
| Valley | Aragonese Variant |
|---|---|
| Ansó | Ansotano |
| Hecho Valley | Cheso |
| Aragüés and Jasa | Aragüesino |
| Aísa | Aisino |
| Tena Valley | Tensino |
| Broto Valley | Bergotés |
| Ballibió | Aragonese of Ballibió |
| Bielsa | Belsetano |
| Gistaín Valley | Chistabino |
| Benasque Valley | Benasqués |
There is a distribution of differences between the East and the West, with boundaries that do not coincide, but some that appear mainly from Broto and Cotefablo to the Ribagorza and further, and others that are seen mainly from Tena and Cotefablo to Navarre.
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