Antoni Zygmund | |
|---|---|
 Antoni Zygmund | |
| Born | (1900-12-26)December 26, 1900 |
| Died | May 30, 1992(1992-05-30) (aged 91) |
| Nationality | Polish |
| Citizenship | Polish,American |
| Alma mater | University of Warsaw (Ph.D., 1923) |
| Known for | Singular integral operators Calderón–Zygmund lemma Marcinkiewicz–Zygmund inequality Paley–Zygmund inequality Calderón–Zygmund kernel |
| Awards | Leroy P. Steele Prize(1979) National Medal of Science(1986) |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Mathematics |
| Institutions | University of Chicago Stefan Batory University |
| Doctoral advisor | Aleksander Rajchman Stefan Mazurkiewicz |
| Doctoral students | Alberto Calderón Paul Cohen Mischa Cotlar Nathan Fine Józef Marcinkiewicz Benjamin Muckenhoupt Stylianos Pichorides Victor L. Shapiro Elias M. Stein Guido Weiss |
Antoni ZygmundPolish pronunciation:[anˈtɔɲiˈzɘgmunt] (December 26, 1900[1] – May 30, 1992) was a Polish-Americanmathematician. He worked mostly in the area ofmathematical analysis, includingharmonic analysis, and he is considered one of the greatest analysts of the 20th century.[2][3][4][5][6] Zygmund was responsible for creating theChicago school of mathematical analysis together with his doctoral studentAlberto Calderón, for which he was awarded theNational Medal of Science in 1986.[2][3][4][5]
Born inWarsaw, Zygmund obtained his Ph.D. from theUniversity of Warsaw (1923) and was a professor atStefan Batory University atWilno from 1930 to 1939, whenWorld War II broke out and Poland wasoccupied. In 1940 he managed to emigrate to theUnited States, where he became a professor atMount Holyoke College inSouth Hadley, Massachusetts. In 1945–1947 he was a professor at theUniversity of Pennsylvania, and from 1947, until his retirement, at theUniversity of Chicago.
He was a member of several scientific societies. From 1930 until 1952 he was a member of theWarsaw Scientific Society (TNW), from 1946 of thePolish Academy of Learning (PAU), from 1959 of thePolish Academy of Sciences (PAN), and from 1961 of theNational Academy of Sciences in the United States. In 1986 he received theNational Medal of Science.
In 1935 Zygmund published in Polish the original edition of what has become, in its English translation, the two-volumeTrigonometric Series. It was described by Robert A. Fefferman as "one of the most influential books in the history of mathematical analysis" and "an extraordinarily comprehensive and masterful presentation of a ... vast field".[7]Jean-Pierre Kahane called the book "The Bible" of aharmonic analyst. The theory oftrigonometric series had remained the largest component of Zygmund's mathematical investigations.[6]
His work has had a pervasive influence in many fields of mathematics, mostly in mathematical analysis, and particularly in harmonic analysis. Among the most significant were the results he obtained with Calderón onsingular integral operators.[8][7]George G. Lorentz called it Zygmund's crowning achievement, one that "stands somewhat apart from the rest of Zygmund's work".[6]
Zygmund's students includedAlberto Calderón,Paul Cohen,Nathan Fine,Józef Marcinkiewicz,Victor L. Shapiro,Guido Weiss,Elias M. Stein andMischa Cotlar. He died inChicago.
Antoni Zygmund, who had three sisters, married Irena Parnowska, a mathematician, in 1925.[4] Upon his death he was survived by four grandsons.[9]
