Nicholas V | |
|---|---|
 Antipope Nicholas V crownsLouis IV the Bavarian; 12 May 1328 | |
| Elected | 12 May 1328 |
| Papacy began | 12 May 1328 |
| Papacy ended | 25 July 1330 |
| Opposed to | Pope John XXII |
| Orders | |
| Consecration | 12 May 1328 by the then-Bishop of Venice |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Pietro Rainalducci c. 1258 |
| Died | 16 October 1333 |
Nicholas V, bornPietro Rainalducci (c. 1258 – 16 October 1333)[1] was anantipope inItaly from 12 May 1328 to 25 July 1330 during thepontificate ofPope John XXII (1316–1334) atAvignon. He was the last antipope set up by aHoly Roman Emperor.
Rainalducci was born atCorvaro, an ancient stronghold nearRieti inLazio. He joined theFranciscan order after separating from his wife in 1310, and became famous as apreacher.[2]
He was elected through the influence of theexcommunicated Holy Roman Emperor,Louis the Bavarian, by an assembly ofpriests andlaymen, and consecrated atOld St. Peter's Basilica,Rome, on 12 May 1328 by the bishop ofVenice.[2]
After spending four months in Rome, he withdrew with Louis IV toViterbo,[2] but in December 1328 thepapal legateCardinal Orsini began a campaign against Viterbo andCorneto.[3] Nicholas moved on toGrosseto and then toPisa, where he was guarded by the imperialvicar. On 19 February 1329, Nicholas V presided at a ceremony in theDuomo of Pisa, at which a straw puppet representingPope John XXII and dressed in pontifical robes was formally condemned, degraded, and handed over to the secular arm (to be "executed").
Nicholas V was excommunicated byPope John XXII in April 1329, and sought refuge with CountBoniface of Donoratico nearPiombino. Having obtained assurance of pardon, he presented a confession of his sins first to thearchbishop of Pisa, and then atAvignon on 25 August 1330, to John XXII, who absolved him.[2]
He remained in honourable imprisonment in thepapal palace, Avignon until his death in October 1333.[2] Despite this reconciliation, memories of him were highly negative in the later 1330s. In a monumental fresco byBuonamico Buffalmacco in theCamposanto Monumentale di Pisa, Nicholas V is depicted in Hell being dismembered and eaten by demons. The inscription describes him as a "friend ofMuhammad", who is shown being tortured at his feet.[4]
One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in thepublic domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Nicholas s.v. Nicholas V. (Pietro Rainalducci)".Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 19 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 651.| Late Antiquity | |||||||
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