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Antiochus XIII Asiaticus

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Seleucid King of Syria from 82 to 64 BC

Antiochus XIII Asiaticus

Tetradrachm of Antiochos XIII, withZeus Nikephoros on the reverse, minted atAntioch.^[1]

King of Syria

(Seleucid Empire)

Reign

82–64 BC

Predecessor

Philip I

Successor

Philip II

Co-ruler and regent

Cleopatra Selene (82–69 BC)

Born

Unknown

Died

64 BC

Regnal name
Antiochus Philadelphus

Dynasty

Seleucid

Father

Antiochus X Eusebes

Mother

Cleopatra Selene of Syria

Antiochus XIII Philadelphus, (Greek: Ἀντίοχος ΙΓ' Φιλάδελφος) known asAsiaticus, (Ἀσιατικός) was the penultimate ruler of theSeleucid kingdom.

Biography

[edit]

Coin of Cleopatra Selene (front) and Antiochus XIII

Antiochus took the throne after the death of his father, kingAntiochus X Eusebes, sometime between 92 and 88 BC. The new king was underage, and his mother, thePtolemaic princessCleopatra Selene of Syria, acted as his regent.^[2] Some time afterTigranes had conquered Syria (83 or 74 BC), Antiochus and his brother traveled toRome to have recognized as kings of Egypt, but to no avail. However, between 75 BC and 73 BC, they were recognized as "Kings of Syria", and "maintained a royal state".^[3] Selene was eventually captured and killed by Tigranes. However, after the latter's defeat byLucius Licinius Lucullus at theBattle of Tigranocerta, the residents ofAntioch hailed Antiochus XIII as king, and Lucullus approved his appointment as client ruler of Syria (69 BC).^[4]

In 64 BC,Pompey had Antiochus XIII deposed and killed by a Syrian chieftain,Sampsiceramus I.^[5] Antiochus' death is traditionally said to have ended theSeleucid dynasty, but he was survived byPhilip II Philoromaeus for a short time and bySeleucus VII Philometor until 58 BC, if the latter is identified with same prince who briefly marriedBerenice IV of Egypt.

Notes

[edit]

^Oliver D. Hoover,Handbook of Syrian Coins: Royal and Civic Issues, Fourth to First Centuries BC [The Handbook of Greek Coinage Series, Volume 9], Lancaster/London, Classical Numismatic Group, 2009, p. 279.
^Cicero,In C. Verrem II 4.61,Appian,Syriaca VIII 49, XI 70,Justin,Historiarum Philippicarum T. Pompeii Trogi XL 2.2 (says Antiochus IX was his father). See also:C.J. Bennett, art. Cleopatra Selene queen of Syria, inEgyptian Royal Genealogy, 2002-2008 (n. 28).Archived 9 May 2013 at theWayback Machine
^E.R. Bevan,The House of Seleucus, London, 1902, p. 263.
^Appian,Syriaca VIII 49, Justin,Historiarum Philippicarum T. Pompeii Trogi XL 2.2.
^Appian,Syriaca VIII 49, XI 70, Justin,Historiarum Philippicarum T. Pompeii Trogi XL 2.2,Diodorus Siculus,Bibliotheca Historica XL 1a-b.

References

[edit]

Peter Green,Alexander to Actium: The Historical Evolution of the Hellenistic Age (1990), pp. 552, 553, 658, 659
Edwyn R. Bevan,The House of Seleucus (1902), p. 263
Downey, Glanville (1951). "The Occupation of Syria by the Romans".Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association.82. The Johns Hopkins University Press.ISSN 2325-9213.JSTOR 283427.
Mittag, Peter Franz (2009). "Zur Integration Antiocheias in den Römischen Herrschaftsverband". In Gehrke, Hans-Joachim; Mastrocinque, Attilio (eds.).Rom und der Osten im 1. Jahrhundert V. Chr., Akkulturation oder Kampf der Kulturen? (Akten des Humboldt-Kollegs, Verona, 19.-21. Februar 2004). Hiera, Collana di Studi Storico-Religiosi (in German). Vol. 13. Edizioni L. Giordano.ISBN 978-8-886-91931-9.

External links

[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related toAntiochus XIII Asiaticus.

Antiocus XIII Asiaticus entry in historical sourcebook by Mahlon H. Smith
Intaglio representing Antiochus XIII-Numéro d'inventaire: camée.156

Antiochus XIII Asiaticus

Seleucid dynasty

Born: Unknown Died: 64 BC

Regnal titles

Preceded by

Tigranes,Cleopatra Selene of Syria,Seleucus VII Philometer

Seleucid King(King of Syria)
83 BC–64 BC
withCleopatra Selene of Syria(83 BC–69 BC)

Succeeded by

Philip II Philoromaeus

v t e Hellenistic rulers
Argeads	Philip II Alexander III the Great Philip III Arrhidaeus Alexander IV
Antipatrids	Cassander Philip IV Alexander V Antipater II Antipater Etesias Sosthenes
Antigonids	Antigonus I Monophthalmus Demetrius I Poliorcetes Antigonus II Gonatas Demetrius II Aetolicus Antigonus III Doson Philip V Perseus Philip VI (pretender)
Ptolemies	Ptolemy I Soter Ptolemy Keraunos Ptolemy II Philadelphus Ptolemy III Euergetes Ptolemy IV Philopator Ptolemy V Epiphanes Cleopatra I Syra (regent) Ptolemy VI Philometor Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator Cleopatra II Philometor Soter Ptolemy VIII Physcon Cleopatra III Ptolemy IX Lathyros Ptolemy X Alexander Berenice III Ptolemy XI Alexander Ptolemy XII Auletes Cleopatra VI Tryphaena Berenice IV Epiphanea Ptolemy XIII Ptolemy XIV Cleopatra VII Philopator Ptolemy XV Caesarion
Monarchs of Cyrene	Magas Berenice II Demetrius the Fair Ptolemy VIII Physcon Ptolemy Apion Cleopatra Selene II
Seleucids	Seleucus I Nicator Antiochus I Soter Antiochus II Theos Seleucus II Callinicus Seleucus III Ceraunus Antiochus III the Great Antiochus Seleucus IV Philopator Antiochus Antiochus IV Epiphanes Antiochus V Eupator Demetrius I Soter Alexander I Balas Demetrius II Nicator Antiochus VI Dionysus Diodotus Tryphon Antiochus VII Sidetes Alexander II Zabinas Cleopatra Thea Seleucus V Philometor Antiochus VIII Grypus Antiochus IX Cyzicenus Seleucus VI Epiphanes Antiochus X Eusebes Antiochus XI Epiphanes Demetrius III Eucaerus Philip I Philadelphus Antiochus XII Dionysus Cleopatra Selene I Antiochus XIII Asiaticus Philip II Philoromaeus
Lysimachids	Lysimachus Ptolemy Epigonos
Attalids	Philetaerus Eumenes I Attalus I Eumenes II Attalus II Attalus III Eumenes III
Greco-Bactrians	Diodotus I Diodotus II Euthydemus I Demetrius I Euthydemus II Antimachus I Pantaleon Agathocles Demetrius II Eucratides I Plato Eucratides II Heliocles I
Indo-Greeks	Demetrius I Antimachus I Pantaleon Agathocles Apollodotus I Demetrius II Antimachus II Menander I Zoilos I Agathokleia Lysias Strato I Antialcidas Heliokles II Polyxenos Demetrius III Philoxenus Diomedes Amyntas Epander Theophilos Peukolaos Thraso Nicias Menander II Artemidoros Hermaeus Archebius Telephos Apollodotus II Hippostratos Dionysios Zoilos II Apollophanes Strato II Strato III
Monarchs of Bithynia	Boteiras Bas Zipoetes I Nicomedes I Zipoetes II Etazeta (regent) Ziaelas Prusias I Prusias II Nicomedes II Nicomedes III Nicomedes IV Socrates Chrestus
Monarchs of Pontus	Mithridates I Ctistes Ariobarzanes Mithridates II Mithridates III Pharnaces I Mithridates IV Philopator Philadephos withLaodice Mithridates V Euergetes Mithridates VI Eupator Pharnaces II Darius Arsaces Polemon I Pythodorida Polemon II
Monarchs of Commagene	Ptolemaeus Sames II Mithridates I Antiochus I Mithridates II Antiochus II Mithridates III Antiochus III Antiochus IV
Monarchs of Cappadocia	Ariarathes I Ariarathes II Ariamnes II Ariarathes III Ariarathes IV Ariarathes V Orophernes Ariarathes VI Ariarathes VII Ariarathes VIII Ariarathes IX Ariobarzanes I Ariobarzanes II Ariobarzanes III Ariarathes X Archelaus
Monarchs of the Cimmerian Bosporus	Paerisades I Satyros II Prytanis Eumelos Spartokos III Hygiainon (regent) Paerisades II Spartokos IV Leukon II Spartokos V [ru] Kamasarye Paerisades III Paerisades IV Paerisades V Mithridates I Pharnaces Asander withDynamis Mithridates II Asander withDynamis Scribonius's attempted rule withDynamis Dynamis withPolemon Polemon Aspurgus Gepaepyris Mithridates III Cotys I
Monarchs of Epirus	Admetus Tharrhypas Alcetas I Neoptolemus I Arybbas Alexander I Aeacides Neoptolemus II Alcetas II Pyrrhus I Alexander II Olympias II (regent) Pyrrhus II Ptolemy Pyrrhus III Deidamia
Hellenistic rulers were preceded byHellenistic satraps in most of their territories.

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