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| Antiochus IX Cyzicenus | |
|---|---|
| Antiochus IX Eusebes Cyzicenus | |
 | |
| King of Syria | |
| Reign | 116–95 BC |
| Predecessor | Antiochus VIII |
| Successors | Seleucus VI,Demetrius III |
| Contenders |
|
| Born | Unknown |
| Died | 96 BC |
| Spouse |
|
| Issue | Antiochus X Eusebes |
| Dynasty | Seleucid |
| Father | Antiochus VII Sidetes |
| Mother | Cleopatra Thea |
Antiochus IX Eusebes Cyzicenus (Greek:Ἀντίοχος Εὐσεβής Κυζικηνός, "Antiochus the Pious, theCyzicene") was a ruler of theHellenisticSeleucid kingdom. He was the son ofAntiochus VII andCleopatra Thea.[2] He left the kingdom in 129 BC and went to the city of Cyzicus, but he returned in 116 BC to challenge his half-brotherAntiochus VIII for power.
The siblings fought a twenty-year civil war. In 112 BC, Antiochus IX's wife,Cleopatra IV, was killed by her sisterTryphaena, the wife of Antiochus VIII. Tryphaena herself died shortly afterwards. Antiochus VIII was assassinated in 96 BC; he was succeeded by his sonsSeleucus VI andDemetrius III. Antiochus IX then took the capitalAntioch and married his deceased wife's sisterCleopatra Selene, who was herself the widow of Antiochus VIII. Seleucus VI continued the war against his uncle. Antiochus IX Eusebes Cyzicenus was killed in battle in 95 B.C.
The son ofAntiochus VII andCleopatra Thea,[2] upon the death of his father inParthia and his uncleDemetrius II's return to power (129 BC), his mother sent him toCyzicus on theBosporus, thus giving him his nickname.[citation needed]
Following the death of his mother c. 121 BC,[2] Antiochus IX Cyzicenus challenged his half-brother,Antiochus VIII, for power over Syria.[2]
He returned toSyria in 116 BC to claim theSeleucid throne from Antiochus VIII, with whom he eventually divided Syria,[citation needed] that same year.[2]
Antiochus IX was first married toCleopatra IV, who was said to have been killed in 112 BC[4] by her sister and rivalTryphaena, wife of Antiochus VIII.[5][6][7] Antiochus VIII was assassinated in 96 BC. Antiochus IX then captured Antioch and married his brother's widow,Cleopatra Selene, who was the sister of Cleopatra IV.[4]
Antiochus IX was subsequently killed in battle against Antiochus VIII's sonSeleucus VI later in 96 BC.
Antiochus IX probably created theIturean tetrarchy as an ally against Antiochus VIII.[8]
Antiochus IX Cyzicenus Born: Unknown Died: 96 BC | ||
| Preceded by | Seleucid King(King of Syria) 114–95 BC withAntiochus VIII (116–95 BC) | Succeeded by |
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