 coin from Antioch on the Maeander | |
  Antioch on the Maeander Shown within Turkey | |
| Location | Aydın Province,Turkey |
|---|---|
| Coordinates | 37°52′24″N28°32′50″E / 37.873333°N 28.547222°E /37.873333; 28.547222 |
Antioch on the Maeander orAntiochia on the Maeander (Greek:Ἀντιόχεια τοῦ Μαιάνδρου;Latin:Antiochia ad Maeandrum), earlierPythopolis, was a city of ancientCaria, inAnatolia, in modern-dayTurkey. The city was situated between theMaeander andOrsinus rivers near their confluence. Though it was the site of a bridge over the Maeander, it had "little or no individual history".[1] The scanty ruins are located on a hill (named, inTurkish, Yenişer) a few kilometers southeast ofKuyucak in Turkey'sAydın Province, near the modern city ofBaşaran, or the village of Aliağaçiftliği.[2] The city already existed whenAntiochus I enlarged and renamed it. It was home to thesophist Diotrephes.[3]
TheVenus de Milo is believed to have been sculpted bya citizen of Antioch named [...]andros (possibly Alexandros).[4]
In 1148 the army of theSecond Crusade forced a passage of the Maeander at Antioch in the face of determined Turkish resistance in theBattle of the Meander.[5]In 1211 the city was the site of theBattle of Antioch on the Meander between theByzantine rumpEmpire of Nicaea and theSeljuk Sultanate of Rûm.
The town has not been excavated,[citation needed] although Christopher Ratté and others visited the site in 1994 and produced a sketch plan. They observed a well-fortified Byzantine site, occupying some 60 to 70 hectares (150 to 170 acres). The remains of a Roman stadium 200 metres (660 ft) in length are also visible.[6]
Thebishopric of Antioch on the Maeander was asuffragan of themetropolitan see ofStauropolis, capital of theRoman province of Caria. Its bishop Eusebius was at theFirst Council of Nicaea in 325, Dionysius at theCouncil of Chalcedon in 451, Georgius at theTrullan Council in 692, and Theophanes at thePhotianCouncil of Constantinople (879). Menophanes was deposed in 518 forMonophysitism.[7][8] By the reign ofMichael VIII Palaiologos it had been elevated to a metropolitan see of its own.[9]
No longer a residential bishopric, Antioch on the Maeander (Antiochia ad Maeandrum inLatin) is today listed by theCatholic Church as atitular see.[10]
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