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Ananonymous elector is generally a registered voter whose safety would be at risk if their details were available on a publicelectoral register.
InAustralia, a voter anonymously registered is known as asilent elector.[1] To be a silent elector, a voter must satisfy the Divisional Returning Officer that their safety or that of any other person living in the same household would be at risk if their name and address were printed in theelectoral register. Application for silent status occurs through an online form on theAustralian Electoral Commission website or by uploading a scanned paper form.
Silent electors may register as a general postal voter so that their ballot papers are automatically mailed to them when an election or referendum is called. Otherwise, silent electors are able to vote via the same options as the rest of the population, either by attending a polling place on polling day or a pre-poll in the lead up to an election, or applying for a one-off postal vote.
An eligible elector who believes that having their details entered on the publicly viewableelectoral roll could threaten their personal safety or that of their family can apply for their details be included only on the unpublished roll.[2] The application must be accompanied by evidence, such as a copy of a protection order that is in force under the Domestic Violence Act 1995, a copy of a restraining order that is in force under the Harassment Act 1997, a statutory declaration from a member of theNew Zealand Police, or a letter from either a barrister or solicitor, the employer, a justice of the peace, or the like, supporting the application on the grounds that the applicant's personal safety, or that of their family, could be prejudiced by the publication of their name and details. An elector remains on the unpublished roll until such time as their circumstances change.
As unpublished rolls are not made available at polling booths, voters on the unpublished roll must cast aspecial vote.
A person whoqualifies to register to vote can be registered anonymously if they can satisfy theelectoral registration officer that their safety or that of any other person living in the same household would be at risk if their name and address were printed in theelectoral register.[3]
A voter can apply to be an anonymous elector at any time by using registration forms available from local electoral registration officers or theElectoral Commission's website.[4] The applicant must state a reason why they or someone else in the same household would be at risk should their name and address be publicly available in theelectoral register. In addition, the application must be supported either by a court order or an attestation. Attestations can be made by a police officer of or above the rank of superintendent of any UK police force, the Director General of the Security Service or theNational Crime Agency, a director of adult social services or children’s services inEngland, a director of social services inWales, any chief social work officer inScotland or any director of social services of a Health and Social Services Board or executive director of social work of a Health and Social Services Trust inNorthern Ireland. Application forms can be returned to the local electoral registration officer by post, by fax or by e-mail as a scanned attachment.[5]
Once the anonymous elector application has been accepted by theelectoral registration officer, the applicant's entry in theElectoral Register appears as an elector number and the letter N, rather than their name and address. Only thereturning officer, the jury service inEngland and Wales, the security services and police forces have access to the name and address of anonymous electors. A 'certificate of anonymous registration' is then issued to the anonymous elector in case they need to prove their identity and address in order to obtain credit or to donate money or loan money to a political party/candidate (but as this involves handing over name and address details to a third party, the anonymous elector should only do this if they are absolutely confident that the other party will keep the information secure). The anonymous elector registration lasts twelve months, after which it must be renewed.
To vote in person, an anonymous electormust take the poll card received in the post.
In the United States of America, a state-runAddress Confidentiality Program allows victims of crime includingdomestic violence,stalking, and other crimes to keep their address confidential. This includes creating a false address, and applies to different government departments depending on the state.[6] All states exceptArkansas apply their Confidential Address Programs to voter registration.