Lennox is also a political and social activist, raising money and awareness for HIV/AIDS as it affects women and children in Africa. She founded theSing campaign in 2007 and founded a women's empowerment charity called The Circle in 2008. In 2011 Lennox was appointed anOBE by QueenElizabeth II for her "tireless charity campaigns and championing of humanitarian causes". On 4 June 2012 she performed at the Queen'sDiamond Jubilee Concert in front ofBuckingham Palace. In 2017, Lennox was appointedGlasgow Caledonian University's first female chancellor.[3]
Early life
Lennox was born on Christmas Day 1954 inTorry,[4]Aberdeen, Scotland. She is the daughter of Dorothy Farquharson (née Ferguson; 1930–2003) and Thomas Allison Lennox (1925–1986).[5][6]
Lennox went to the Aberdeen High School for Girls (which has since becomeHarlaw Academy secondary school) where she was encouraged by her parents to explore her artistic qualities. She excelled at music, poetry and artwork. Here she learned to play the flute and the piano. She also sang in the choir and later played in symphony orchestras and military bands, and each year took part in the Aberdeen Music Festival. Lennox attendedDalcroze eurhythmics classes while at high school.[7]Eurhythmics, with its English spelling, is an approach to music education developed by the Swiss composerEmile Jaques-Dalcroze. The wordeurhythmics is derived from Greek and means "good flow".[8] The band,Eurythmics, adopted the French spelling.
TheRoyal Academy of Music in London, where Lennox abandoned her classical studies in the early 1970s. She became a Fellow of the Academy in 2007 and was awarded an honorary doctorate from its affiliated college, theUniversity of London, in 2017.
In 1971, Lennox began studying on a three-year Music Performance degree course at theRoyal Academy of Music in London. It is one of a small number of quite elite British music conservatories predominantly for classical music study at third level.[9] At college in London she studied flute, piano and harpsichord for nearly three years. Although Lennox studied for close to the duration of the course she did not finish her studies at the college. She found the amount of time devoted to music practice required to become a professional classical musician obsessive and felt that she was unconnected with the "whole cultural aspect".[10] Lennox lived on a student grant and worked at part-time jobs for extra money. She was unhappy with the direction she was going in and doubted her own talent when compared to her student contemporaries[11] while at the Royal Academy and deliberated on what other direction she could take.[12]
Lennox's flute teacher's final report stated: "Ann has not always been sure of where to direct her efforts, though lately she has been more committed. She is very, very able, however."[13] Two years later, Lennox reported to the academy: "I have had to work as a waitress, barmaid and shop assistant to keep me when not in musical work."[13] Lennox attended the Dalcroze eurhythmics Spring Course of 1974.[14] She also played and sang with a few bands, such asWindsong, during the period of her course.[15][16]
In 2017, the academy awarded her an honorary degree of Doctorate. In her acceptance speech of her honorary Doctorate, Lennox said, "Many of my life experiences can be described as unconventional, idiosyncratic and synchronistic—as this event [graduation ceremony] proves to be no exception. By rights, I feel I'm not entitled to be here—but asJohn Lennon once famously said ... 'Life is what happens to you while you're making other plans.'"[17]
Career
1976–1990: Dragon's Playground, the Tourists and Eurythmics
In 1976, Lennox was a flute player with a band called Dragon's Playground, leaving before they appeared onITV's talent showNew Faces.[18] From 1977 to 1980, she was the lead singer ofthe Tourists, a British pop band and her first collaboration withDave Stewart.[19]
Lennox and Stewart reconvened Eurythmics in the late 1990s, resulting in the 1999 release ofPeace, the band's first album of new material in ten years. A subsequent concert tour was completed, with profits going toGreenpeace andAmnesty International.[2] Lennox has received eightBrit Awards, including being namedBest British Female Artist a record six times.[24] Four of the awards were given during her time with Eurythmics, and another was given to the duo for Outstanding Contribution to Music in 1999.[25]
Lennox began working with formerTrevor Horn protégéStephen Lipson, beginning with her 1992 solo debut album,Diva. During an interview with theBBC in 1992 ahead of the release of the album, Lennox claimed that she debated with herself whether to begin writing a solo album, claiming that she thought of other things she could do but concluded "it all comes back to writing songs", stating that songwriting "affirms who I am" and acknowledging being a songwriter as "part of my identify". Lennox claimed that, during the songwriting process forDiva, she did "not miss Dave [Stewart]" (her partner with Eurythmics), claiming that they both "spent so much time together it became frayed". She did, however, state that she wishes Dave well and that she was "sure he would say the same for me".[29]
The album entered the UK album chart at no.1 and has since sold over 1.2 million copies in the UK alone, being certified quadruple platinum.[35] It was also a success in the US where it was a top 30 hit and has sold in excess of 2.7 million copies.[30] In 1993, the album was included inQ magazine's list of the "50 Best Albums of 1992".Rolling Stone magazine (25 June 1992, p. 41) described the album as "...state-of-the-art soul pop..." and it is included in Rolling Stone's (13 May 1999, p. 56) "Essential Recordings of the 90's" list. The album won Best British Album at the 1993 Brit Awards.[36]
Although Lennox's profile decreased for a period because of her desire to bring up her two children away from the media's glare, she continued to record. Her second album,Medusa, was released in March 1995. It consisted solely ofcover songs, all originally recorded by male artists includingBob Marley,The Clash andNeil Young. It entered the UK album chart at No. 1 and peaked in Australia at No. 5, and in the US at number 11, spending 60 weeks on theBillboard 200 chart and selling over 2 million to date in the United States.[30] It has achieved double platinum status in both the UK and the US.[35][37] The album yielded four UK singles:"No More 'I Love You's'" (which entered the UK singles chart at No. 2, Lennox's highest-ever solo peak),[27] "A Whiter Shade of Pale", "Waiting in Vain" and "Something So Right". The album was nominated forBest Pop Vocal Album at theGrammy Awards of 1996,[38] losing toTurbulent Indigo byJoni Mitchell and instead winningBest Female Pop Vocal Performance for the single "No More 'I Love You's'".[39] Although Lennox declined to tour for the album, she did perform a large scale one-off concert in New York'sCentral Park, which was filmed and later released on home video.[40] Lennox provided an extensive solo vocal performance (without lyrics) for thesoundtrack score of the filmApollo 13 in 1995.[41]
Managed bySimon Fuller since the beginning of her solo career, he said that Lennox played an important but unheralded role in the success of theSpice Girls, encouraging the group to "ham up" their characters, which helped them top the charts around the world.[42] In 1997, Lennox re-recorded the Eurythmics track "Angel" for theDiana, Princess of Wales: Tribute album, and also recorded the song "Mama" forThe Avengers soundtrack album. In 1998, following the death of a mutual friend (former Tourists memberPeet Coombes), she re-united withDave Stewart.[43] Following their first performance together in eight years at a record company party, Stewart and Lennox began writing and recording together for the first time since 1989. This resulted in the albumPeace. The title was designed to reflect the duo's ongoing concern with global conflict and world peace. The record was promoted with a concert on theGreenpeace vessel Rainbow Warrior II, where they played a mixture of old and new songs. "I Saved the World Today" was the lead single, reaching number eleven on theUK singles chart.[44] Another single, released at the beginning of 2000, "17 Again", made the UK top 40, and topped theUS dance chart.[45] In 2002, Lennox received aBillboard Century Award; the highest accolade fromBillboard magazine, with editor-in-chief Timothy White describing her as one of "the most original and unforgettably affecting artists in the modern annals of popular music."[2]
In 2003, Lennox released her third solo album,Bare. The album peaked at No. 3 in the UK, No. 10 in Australia, and No. 4 in the US—her highest-charting album in the US to date.[46] She embarked on her first tour as a solo artist to promote the album. The tour, simply titled Solo Tour, pre-dated the release of the album and visited both the US and Europe, with only a two-night stop in the UK at Sadler's Wells Theatre in London. The album has been certified Gold in both the UK and the US and was nominated forBest Pop Album at the46th Grammy Awards. The album was released with a DVD which included interviews and acoustic versions of songs by Lennox.[47]
In 2004, Lennox won theAcademy Award for Best Song for "Into the West" from the filmThe Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King,[48] which she co-wrote with screenwriterFran Walsh and composerHoward Shore. Lennox performed the song live at the76th Academy Awards. The song also won a Grammy award and aGolden Globe award. She had previously recorded "Use Well the Days" for the movie, which incorporates a number of quotations fromTolkien in its lyrics. This features on a bonus DVD included with the "special edition" of the movie's soundtrack CD. In mid-2004, Lennox embarked on an extensive North American tour withSting.[2] In July 2005, Lennox performed atLive 8 inHyde Park, London, along withMadonna, Sting and other popular musicians.[49]
In 2005, Lennox and Stewart collaborated on two new songs for their Eurythmics compilation album,Ultimate Collection, of which "I've Got a Life" was released as a single in October 2005. The promotional video for the song features Lennox and Stewart performing in the present day, with images of past Eurythmics videos playing on television screens behind them. The single peaked at number fourteen in theUK Singles Chart and was a number-one USdance hit.[26][27] On 14 November 2005, Sony BMG repackaged and released Eurythmics' back catalogue as 2005 Deluxe Edition Reissues.[50] Lennox also collaborated withHerbie Hancock doing the song "Hush, Hush, Hush" on his collaboration album,Possibilities in August 2005.[51]
2007–2008:Songs of Mass Destruction and AIDS activism
After releasing "Sing" with 23 other invited singers, Lennox launched theSing campaign in 2007.
Ending her long association withStephen Lipson, Lennox's fourth solo album,Songs of Mass Destruction, was recorded in Los Angeles with veteran producerGlen Ballard (known for producingAlanis Morissette's album,Jagged Little Pill). It was released on 1 October 2007, and was the last studio album of Lennox's contract withBMG. It peaked at No. 7 in the UK and No. 9 in the US.[26][27] Lennox stated that she believed the album consisted of "twelve strong, powerful, really emotive songs that people can connect to". If she achieves that, she says, "I can feel proud of [it], no matter if it sells ten copies or 50 million."[52] Lennox described it as "a dark album, but the world is a dark place. It's fraught, it's turbulent. Most people's lives are underscored with dramas of all kinds: there's ups, there's downs—the flickering candle."[53] She added, "Half the people are drinking or drugging themselves to numb it. A lot of people are in pain."[53]
Finishing out her contract with Sony BMG, Lennox released the compilation albumThe Annie Lennox Collection. Initially intended for release in September 2008, the release date was pushed back several months to allow Lennox to recuperate from a back injury.[56] The compilation was eventually released in the US on 17 February 2009, and in the UK and Europe on 9 March 2009. Included on the track listing are songs from her four solo albums, one from theBram Stoker's Dracula soundtrack, and two new songs. One of these is a cover ofAsh's single, "Shining Light". The other is a cover of a song by the English bandKeane, originally the B-side of their first single in 2000. Lennox renamed the song from its original title "Closer Now" to "Pattern of My Life". A limited 3-disc edition of the album included a DVD compilation featuring most of Lennox's solo videos since 1992, and also featured a second CD of rarer songs including a version ofR.E.M.'s "Everybody Hurts" withAlicia Keys and Lennox's Oscar-winning "Into the West" from the thirdLord of the Rings film. The album entered theUK Album Chart at No. 2 and remained in the top 10 for seven weeks.[57]
Lennox's recording contract withSony BMG concluded with the release ofSongs of Mass Destruction and the subsequent retrospective albumThe Collection, and much was made in the press in late 2007/early 2008 about the apparent animosity between Lennox and the record company. Lennox stated that while on a trip to South Africa in December 2007 to appear at the46664 campaign in Johannesburg, the regional company office of the label failed to return phone calls and e-mails she made to them for three weeks, and had completely failed to promote the Sing project as planned. Upon her return to the UK, Lennox met with the head of Sony BMG UK, Ged Docherty, who was "mortified" by the problems she had encountered with the South African branch. The debacle (partly inflamed by her blogging her dissatisfaction with the South African office) led to press reports that she was "dropped" by Sony BMG, which quickly clarified that their contract had been fulfilled and that it hoped she would consider signing a new one. The British tabloid,Daily Mirror, subsequently printed a retraction of its story about her being dropped by the label.[58]
A music video was produced for a second single from the album, "God Rest Ye Merry Gentlemen". Lennox also performed the track on the UK chat showLoose Women in December 2010, and was also interviewed.[61] According toMetacritic,A Christmas Cornucopia has gained "generally favourable reviews".[62] Ian Wade ofBBC Music gave the album a very positive review, saying "this collection could find itself becoming as much a part of the holiday season as arguments with loved ones."[63] Sal Cinquemani ofSlant Magazine awarded the album 3.5/5 and said "Lennox seems more inspired onA Christmas Cornucopia than she has in years."[64] John Hunt ofQatar Today magazine gave the album 9/10 and said "in particular, the vocal work and musical arrangement of 'God Rest Ye Merry Gentlemen' are impactful to the point of being intimidating."[65]
In October 2014, Lennox released her sixth solo album,Nostalgia.[67] The album is a collection of Lennox's childhood favourite soul, jazz and blues songs.[68] Critic Mike Wass ofIdolator stated that Lennox "puts her own inimitable spin" on the selected tracks.[69] Thelead single "I Put a Spell on You" received its first radio play on 15 September 2014 byKen Bruce onBBC Radio 2.[70] Upon release, the album entered the UK and US Top 10, and reached number one on the USBillboard Top Jazz Albums chart. The album was nominated for aGrammy Award forBest Traditional Pop Vocal Album. On 28 January 2015, Lennox performed a live concert at theOrpheum Theatre in Los Angeles entitledAn Evening of Nostalgia with Annie Lennox. The show aired onPBS in the US in April 2015, and was released on DVD and Blu-ray internationally in May 2015.[71]
2019–present:Lepidoptera
In May 2019, Lennox releasedLepidoptera, an EP containing four extemporised piano songs. The album serves as a companion piece to her art installation "Now I Let You Go..." atMASS moca. It is Lennox's first independently distributed record.[72] Since 2019, Lennox has joined with Dave Stewart on two occasions for Eurythmics reunions—forSting's 30th We'll Be Together Benefit Concert and the other in 2022 for theirRock and Roll Hall of Fame induction ceremony. They performed together on 9 December 2019 at the Sting benefit concert at New York City'sBeacon Theatre, playing "Would I Lie to You?", "Here Comes the Rain Again" and "Sweet Dreams (Are Made of This)", before returning to join in the finale performance of Journey's "Don't Stop Believin'" along with the night's other performers.[73] In 2022, they performed at theMicrosoft Theater in Los Angeles, California for their induction to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, performing "Would I Lie to You?", "Missionary Man" and "Sweet Dreams (Are Made of This)" as part of the2022 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame induction ceremony. They were inducted byU2'sthe Edge.[74]
Lennox performing in March 2024 at the Gershwin Prize for Popular Song tribute concert
In 2024, she performed at the Gershwin Prize for Popular Song Tribute Concert inWashington, D.C. to honour bothElton John andBernie Taupin.[75] Her chancellorship ofGlasgow Caledonian University came to an end in mid-2024, and was succeeded byAnne-Marie Imafidon.[76] Her legacy as chancellor of the university includes a building being renamed the Annie Lennox Building. At the unveiling, Lennox said it was "an incredible honour to have such a wonderful building on the Glasgow Caledonian University campus named after me".[77] During the2025 California wildfires in January, Lennox volunteered with a local Los Angeles based charity Project Angel Food to deliver food amid relief efforts.[78]
In March 2025, Lennox played her first live performance in six years at theRoyal Albert Hall. The show, entitledSisters: Annie Lennox and Friends, was organised to celebrateInternational Women's Day. During the performance, Lennox was joined by notable female performers including Rioghnach Connolly,Celeste andNadine Shah.[79] In the same month, Lennox expressed concerns over proposed budget cuts by UK Prime MinisterKeir Starmer, citing that such cuts "would affect us all in the end".[80] She said that a "very, very tiny amount" of the UK budget was allocated to foreign and development aid, and argued that "the impact around the world will affect us in the end, when you have countries that have so many that are being displaced, it has a knock-on effect as well", adding that "it benefits us to invest".[80] In 2025, her 1995 single"No More 'I Love You's'", featured in an episode of American thriller seriesGood American Family.[81]
Public image
Charity and political activism
HIV campaigner Lennox in Germany ahead ofWorld AIDS Day in 2008
Lennox appeared on stage at the 1988Nelson Mandela 70th Birthday Concert and commenced activist work with the Sing Foundation afterwards.[82] In 1990, Lennox recorded a version ofCole Porter's "Ev'ry Time We Say Goodbye" for the Cole Porter tribute albumRed Hot + Blue, a benefit for AIDS awareness. A video was also produced.[83] Lennox has been a public supporter ofAmnesty International andGreenpeace for many years, and she and Dave Stewart donated all of the profits from Eurythmics' 1999 Peacetour to both charities.[84] Concerned byTibet freedom,[85] she supported Amnesty International campaigns for the release of Tibetan prisonersPalden Gyatso andNgawang Choephel.[86]
Lennox was a signatory to the "No war on Iraq" campaign started in 2003,[87] her album "Songs of Mass Destruction" and her rendition of "Dark Road" were deeply critical of the war. In conversation withMelvyn Bragg in 2006, she expressed her anger at how the UK was misled over Iraq's alleged 'weapons of mass destruction'.[11]
After being forced to pull out of performing atLive Aid held atWembley Stadium in 1985 due to a serious throat infection, Lennox appeared atLive 8 held inHyde Park, London in 2005.[88] In 2006, in response to her humanitarian work, Lennox became patron of the Master's Course inHumanitarian and Development Practice forOxford Brookes University.[2] In October 2006, Lennox spoke at theBritish House of Commons about the need for children in the UK to help their counterparts in Africa.[2] On 25 April 2007, Lennox performed "Bridge over Troubled Water" during theAmerican Idol "Idol Gives Back" fundraising drive.[89] Lennox's 2007 song "Sing" was born out of her involvement withNelson Mandela's 46664 campaign andTreatment Action Campaign (TAC), both of which are human rights groups which seek education and health care for those affected by HIV.[2][54] In December 2007, Lennox establishedThe SING Campaign, an organisation dedicated to raising funds and awareness for women and children affected by HIV and AIDS.[90]
On 11 December 2007, she performed in theNobel Peace Prize Concert inOslo, together with a variety of artists, which was broadcast to over 100 countries.[91] Lennox appeared at the Nelson Mandela 90th Birthday Tribute in June 2008[92] and then led a rally against theGaza War in London on 3 January 2009.[93]
In 2008, Lennox founded The Circle of Women, known as The Circle, aprivate charitable organisation to network and fund-raise for women's projects around the world.[94] Also in 2008, Lennox backed the principle of an independent Scotland.[95]
Lennox opened the 2009 Edinburgh Festival of Politics with commentary on PopeBenedict XVI's approach to HIV/AIDS prevention in Africa. She said that the Pope's denunciation of condoms on his recent tour of Africa had caused "tremendous harm" and she criticised the Roman Catholic Church for causing widespread confusion on the continent. Lennox also condemned the media's obsession with "celebrity culture" for keeping the AIDS pandemic off the front page. During her address, Lennox wore a T-shirt emblazoned with the words "HIV positive". Lennox wore similar T-shirts at the 25th Anniversary Rock & Roll Hall of Fame concert at Madison Square Garden on 30 October 2009,[96] during her appearance onThe Graham Norton Show on 30 November 2009 (where she performed the new song "Full Steam", a duet with singerDavid Gray), during a recorded performance forAmerican Idol during a 21 April 2010 fundraiser, entitledIdol Gives Back, and during a performance on the liveComic Relief show on 18 March 2011.
"She is one of those exemplary human beings who chose to put her success in her chosen career to work in order to benefit others. She is a true friend of Africa and of South Africa. Her Aids activism in general, and support for the treatment action campaign in-particular, contributed significantly to turning the pandemic around in our country."
—ArchbishopDesmond Tutu pays tribute to Annie Lennox in November 2013.[97]
In November 2013, Lennox received the Music Industry Trusts Award for her career achievements in music and her charity commitments.[97]Elton John said of her award; "It is so well deserved and not only for your extraordinary contribution to music and songwriting but also for your outstanding and tireless work as an HIV and AIDS activist and supporter of women's rights," whileAdele stated; "Annie Lennox has been a constant part of my life. An example of a brilliant talent that exudes excellence and influence on everyone."[97]
In 2015, Lennox attended, performed at and hosted several charitable events including: the 50thAmnesty International Annual Conference where she was a guest speaker, Elton John and David Furnish's at home Gala in aid of theElton John Aids Foundation where she performed, held a screening ofHe Named Me Malala, and hosted aMothers2mothers 15th Anniversary gala. In 2016 Lennox was awarded theElle Style Awards 'Outstanding Achievement' award, and theRoyal Scottish Geographical Society award, theLivingstone Medal, in recognition of her outstanding contribution to the fight against AIDS and support of women's rights.[104]
In 2023, Lennox became the Patron of Dalcroze UK, a charitable organisation that promotesDalcroze Eurhythmics, the approach to music education that inspired the band name, Eurythmics.[14]
Relationship with the LGBTQ+ community
Lennox was known for herandrogyny during the 1980s.
Lennox's longtime support forLGBT rights has helped garner a significant following within the LGBTQ+ community.[107] According toThe Advocate, "her distinctive voice and provocative stage persona have made Lennox a longtime gay icon."[108]
She is known for herandrogynous look in the 1980s, first widely seen in the 1983 music video for "Sweet Dreams (Are Made of This)" where she had close-cropped, orange-coloured hair, and wore a man's suit brandishing a cane, a video which made her a household name. TheBBC wrote, "all eyes were on Annie Lennox, the singer whose powerful androgynous look defied themale gaze".[109] Lennox was viewed as the female version ofBoy George and they appeared together on the front cover of the British music magazineSmash Hits in December 1983.[110][111] This was followed byNewsweek magazine in the US who ran an issue which featured Lennox and George on the cover of its 23 January 1984 edition with the captionBritain Rocks America – Again, marking theSecond British Invasion.[112][113] Her gender-bending image was also explored in other Eurythmics videos such as "Love Is a Stranger" and "Who's That Girl?" and she impersonatedElvis Presley at the1984 Grammy Awards.[22]
Exhibition
In conjunction with theVictoria and Albert Museum in London, Lennox put many items from her collection—costumes, accessories, photographs, awards, ephemera from her political campaigns, and personal belongings—on display. This collection, which spanned her entire career, along with music videos and interviews, becameThe House of Annie Lennox at the institution from 15 September 2011 to 26 February 2012.[114] An expanded version of the exhibit was later installed atThe Lowry inSalford, England from 17 March 2012 to 17 June,[115][116] before moving toAberdeen for twelve weeks.[117]
The video accompanying "Sweet Dreams (Are Made of This)", in which Annie Lennox appeared with closely cropped orange hair and wearing a man's business suit, was both striking and surreal. Lennox's extraordinary image was at odds with her female contemporaries.
— "Sweet Dreams: Remembering the Music Video That Broke the Mould for Female Pop Stars",BBC.[109]
Both as part of Eurythmics and in her solo career, Lennox has made over 60 music promo videos. The 1987 Eurythmics albumSavage and her 1992 solo albumDiva were both accompanied by video albums, both directed bySophie Muller.[120] The music video for "Missionary Man" featured stop-animation techniques and received five nominations at the1987 MTV Video Music Awards.[121] ActorsHugh Laurie andJohn Malkovich appeared in the music video for "Walking on Broken Glass" in period costume, while the video for "Little Bird" paid homage to the different images and personas that have appeared in some of Lennox's previous videos.[33] The clip features Lennox performing on stage with several lookalikes (male and female) that represent her personas from "Why", "Walking on Broken Glass", "Sweet Dreams", "Beethoven (I Love To Listen To)", "I Need a Man", "Thorn in My Side", "There Must Be an Angel", and even her stage image from the 1992Freddie Mercury Tribute Concert.[122]
Personal life
Lennox and Dave Stewart were in a relationship for three years in the late 1970s, before they formed Eurythmics. She has since been married three times.[123]
Her first marriage, from 1984 to 1985, was to GermanHare Krishna devotee Radha Raman.[124] From 1988 to 2000, Lennox was married toIsraeli film and record producerUri Fruchtmann and they lived inThe Grove, Highgate.[125] The couple have two daughters,Lola andTali. A son, Daniel, was stillborn in 1988.[126]
While fundraising in 2009, Lennox metMitch Besser, who had started an AIDS charity in Africa.[127][128] Besser had divorce proceedings brought against him in April 2012.[129] On 15 September 2012 Lennox married Besser at a private ceremony in London.[129][130][131] He is the brother of medical doctor/executiveRichard E. Besser.[132]
In September 2012, Lennox featured in series 9 of the BBC'sWho Do You Think You Are?, in which she discovered that her great-great-grandmother Jessie Fraser worked at the BroadfordFlax Mill in Aberdeen. Her maternal grandmother, Dora Paton, was a dairy maid at theBalmoral Royal Estate and her maternal grandfather, William Ferguson, was agamekeeper also at Balmoral.[133]
Both of Lennox's parents died of cancer.[12] Lennox is agnostic[134] and afeminist.[135] Lennox became a vegetarian at age 29.[136][137] In the 2010Sunday Times Rich List of British millionaires from the world of music, Lennox was estimated to have a fortune of £30 million.[138]
^Davidson, A. From Hellerau to Here: Tracing the Lineage and Influence of Dalcroze eurhythmics on the Family Tree of Theatre Pedagogy. Arts 2023, 12, 134.https://doi.org/10.3390/arts12040134
^ab"Blurring the boundaries of gender".Maclean's. 23 July 1984. Archived fromthe original on 9 October 2021. Retrieved9 October 2021.Nowhere was the wave of androgyny in pop music more vividly apparent than last February at the Grammy music awards in Los Angeles. A worldwide television audience of 65 million witnessed Eurythmics singer Annie Lennox's stunning impersonation of Elvis Presley.
^Martin Strong (1996). "The Wee Rock Discography". p. 155., Canongate
^DeGeneres, Ellen (Host); Bocelli, Andrea (Performer); Carey, Mariah (Performer); Cosgrove, Miranda (Performer); Maxwell (Performer); Morrison, Matthew (Performer); Lennox, Annie (Performer) (17 December 2010)."Christmas in Washington 2010".Christmas in Washington. TNT. Archived fromthe original on 23 November 2010.
^Steward, Sue (1984).Signed, Sealed, and Delivered: True Life Stories of Women in Pop. South End Press. p. 51.
^"Boy George, The Man".The Washington Post. Retrieved14 November 2021.Newsweek put Boy George and Eurythmic Annie Lennox on a cover heralding a second British Invasion, pop's gender benders
^Simon Reynolds,Rip It Up and Start Again Postpunk 1978–1984, pp. 340, 342–3.
^"Annie Lennox Interview". British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors. Archived fromthe original on 12 January 2018. Retrieved10 January 2018.
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