Annapurna
South face of Annapurna I (Main)
Highest point
Elevation	8,091 m (26,545 ft) Ranked 10th
Prominence	2,984 m (9,790 ft)[1][2] Ranked 94th
Parent peak	Cho Oyu
Listing	Eight-thousander Ultra
Coordinates	28°35′46″N83°49′13″E / 28.59611°N 83.82028°E /28.59611; 83.82028
Geography
Annapurna Nepal
30km 19miles Bhutan Nepal Pakistan India China 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1     The major peaks (not mountains) above 7,500 m (24,600 ft) height inHimalayas, rank identified in Himalayas alone (not the world).[3] The map may help give context to Annapurna with more detail and zooming on click through. Legend： 1：Mount Everest, 2：Kangchenjunga, 3：Lhotse, 4：Yalung Kang, Kanchenjunga West, 5：Makalu, 6：Kangchenjunga South, 7：Kangchenjunga Central, 8：Cho Oyu, 9：Dhaulagiri, 10：Manaslu (Kutang), 11：Nanga Parbat (Diamer), 12：Annapurna, 13：Shishapangma (Shishasbangma, Xixiabangma), 14：Manaslu East, 15：Annapurna East Peak, 16：Gyachung Kang, 17：Annapurna II, 18：Tenzing Peak (Ngojumba Kang, Ngozumpa Kang, Ngojumba Ri), 19：Kangbachen, 20：Himalchuli (Himal Chuli), 21：Ngadi Chuli (Peak 29, Dakura, Dakum, Dunapurna), 22：Nuptse (Nubtse), 23：Nanda Devi, 24：Chomo Lonzo (Chomolonzo, Chomolönzo, Chomo Lönzo, Jomolönzo, Lhamalangcho), 25：Namcha Barwa (Namchabarwa), 26：Zemu Kang (Zemu Gap Peak), 27：Kamet, 28：Dhaulagiri II, 29：Ngojumba Kang II, 30：Dhaulagiri III, 31：Kumbhakarna Mountain (Mount Kumbhakarna, Jannu), 32：Gurla Mandhata (Naimona'nyi, Namu Nan), 33：Hillary Peak (Ngojumba Kang III), 34：Molamenqing (Phola Gangchen), 35：Dhaulagiri IV, 36：Annapurna Fang, 37：Silver Crag, 38：Kangbachen Southwest, 39：Gangkhar Puensum (Gangkar Punsum), 40：Annapurna III, 41：Himalchuli West, 42：Annapurna IV, 43：Kula Kangri, 44：Liankang Kangri (Gangkhar Puensum North, Liangkang Kangri), 45：Ngadi Chuli South   Nepal
Location	Gandaki Province,Nepal
Parent range	Annapurna
Climbing
First ascent	3 June 1950 Maurice Herzog andLouis Lachenal (First winter ascent 3 February 1987Jerzy Kukuczka andArtur Hajzer)[4]
Easiest route	northwest face

Annapurna (/ˌænəˈpʊərnəˌ-ˈpɜːr-/;^[5][6]Nepali:अन्नपूर्ण) is amountain situated in theAnnapurna mountain range ofGandaki Province, north-centralNepal. It is the10th highest mountain in the world at 8,091 metres (26,545 ft) above sea level and is well known for the difficulty and danger involved in its ascent.

Maurice Herzog led aFrench expedition to its summit through the north face in 1950, making it the firsteight-thousander to be successfully climbed.^[7] The entire massif and surrounding area are protected within the 7,629-square-kilometre (2,946 sq mi)Annapurna Conservation Area, the first and largest conservation area in Nepal. The Annapurna Conservation Area is home to several world-classtreks, includingAnnapurna Sanctuary andAnnapurna Circuit.

For decades, Annapurna I held the highest fatality-to-summit rate of all principal eight-thousander summits; it has, however, seen great climbing successes in recent years, with the fatality rate falling from 32% to under 20% from 2012 to 2022. This figure places it just under the most recent fatality rate estimates forK2, at about 24%. The mountain still poses grave threats to climbers through avalanche danger, unpredictable weather and the extremely steep and committing nature of its climbing routes, in particular its 3,000-metre (9,800 ft) south face, renowned as one of the most difficult climbs in the world.^[8] It is also a dangerous peak for trekkers, as in the case ofa 2014 snowstorm near it andDhaulagiri which claimed at least 43 lives. As of 2022, 365 people had reached the summit of Annapurna I, while 72 had died in the attempt.

The mountain is named afterAnnapurna, the Hindu goddess of food and nourishment, who is said to reside there. The name Annapurna is derived from theSanskrit-language wordspurna ("filled") andanna ("food"), and can be translated as "everlasting food".^[9] Many streams descending from the slopes of the Annapurna Massif provide water for the agricultural fields and pastures located at lower elevations.^[10]

Annapurna I was the first 8,000-metre (26,200 ft) peak to be climbed.^[11]Maurice Herzog andLouis Lachenal, of theFrench Annapurna expedition led by Herzog (includingLionel Terray,Gaston Rébuffat,Marcel Ichac,Jean Couzy, Marcel Schatz, Jacques Oudot, Francis de Noyelle), reached the summit on 3 June 1950.^[12] Ichac made a documentary of the expedition, calledVictoire sur l'Annapurna. Its summit was thehighest summit attained till that time, but not the highest climb; higher non-summit points – at least 8,500 metres (27,900 ft) – had already been attained onMount Everest in the 1920s.

Thesouth face of Annapurna was first climbed in 1970 byDon Whillans andDougal Haston also without using supplementary oxygen, members of aBritish expedition led byChris Bonington that includedIan Clough, who was killed by a fallingserac during the descent. They were, however, beaten to the second ascent of Annapurna by a matter of days by aBritish Army expedition led by ColonelHenry Day.

In 1978, theAmerican Women's Himalayan Expedition, a team led byArlene Blum, became the firstUnited States team to climb Annapurna I. The first summit team, composed ofVera Komarkova andIrene Miller, andSherpas Mingma Tsering and Chewang Ringjing, reached the top at 3:30 pm on 15 October 1978. The second summit team,Alison Chadwick-Onyszkiewicz andVera Watson, died during this climb.^[13]

In 1981 Polish expedition Zakopane Alpine Club set a new route on Annapurna I Central (8051 m).Maciej Berbeka and Bogusław Probulski reached the summit on 23 May 1981. The route called Zakopiańczyków Way was recognized as the best achievement of the Himalayan season in 1981.

On 3 February 1987,PolishclimbersJerzy Kukuczka andArtur Hajzer made the first winter ascent of Annapurna I.^[14]

The first solo ascent of the south face was made in October 2007 by Slovenian climberTomaž Humar;^{[15][16][17][18]} he climbed to the Roc Noir and then to Annapurna East (8,047m).^[19]

On 8 and 9 October 2013 Swiss climberUeli Steck soloed the Lafaille route^[19] on the main and highest part of the face;^[20] this was his third attempt on the route and has been called "one of the most impressive Himalayan climbs in history",^[21] with Steck taking 28 hours to make the trip from Base Camp to summit and back again.^[22] There are significant doubts about this claim.^[23]

Several airlines offer sightseeing flights over Annapurna.^[24]

Along with K2 andNanga Parbat, Annapurna I has consistently ranked as one of the most dangerous of the principal eight-thousander summits. Climbers killed on the peak include BritonsIan Clough in 1970 andAlex MacIntyre in 1982, Frenchman Pierre Béghin in 1992, KazakhAnatoli Boukreev in 1997, SpaniardIñaki Ochoa in 2008,^[25] KoreanPark Young-seok in 2011^[26] and the FinnSamuli Mansikka in 2015.^[27]

• Dhaulagiri
• Manaslu
• Tilicho Lake
• List of deaths on Annapurna

• Blum, Arlene (1980).Annapurna: A Woman's Place. San Francisco, CA:Sierra Club Books.ISBN 0-87156-236-7.
• Herzog, Maurice (1951).Annapurna: First Conquest of an 8000-meter Peak. Translated by Nea Morin; Janet Adam Smith. New York: E.P. Dutton & Co.

• Herzog, Maurice (1952).Annapurna. Jonathan Cape.
• Neate, Jill (11 February 1989).High Asia: An Illustrated History of the 7000 Metre Peaks. Mountaineers Books.ISBN 0-89886-238-8.
• Ohmori, Koichiro (1998).Over the Himalaya. Cloudcap Press.ISBN 0-938567-37-3.
• Terray, Lionel (1963).Conquistadors of the Useless. Victor Gollancz Ltd.ISBN 0-89886-778-9. Chapter 7.

Look upannapurna in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Wikimedia Commons has media related toAnnapurna.

• "Annapurna".Himalaya-Info.org (in German).
• "Annapurna".Summitpost.

• Eight-thousanders of the Himalayas
• Mountains of the Gandaki Province

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