Anna Vock | |
|---|---|
| Born | (1885-01-13)13 January 1885 Aargau, Switzerland |
| Died | 4 December 1962(1962-12-04) (aged 77) Zürich, Switzerland |
| Other names | Mammina |
| Occupation(s) | Journalist, Activist |
| Organization | Amitica |
| Title | Editor ofDer Kreis |
| Term | 1933–1942 |
| Successor | Karl Meir |
Anna Vock (13 January 1885 – 4 December 1962) was a Swissjournalist, organizer, andLGBT activist during theinterwar period inSwitzerland. Althoughlesbianism was not criminalized like male homosexuality in Switzerland during her activist period, Vock faced public recrimination for her work in publishing, was monitored by police, and arrested.
Anna (nicknamed "Mammina") Vock was born on 13 January 1885 inAnglikon,Aargau. Little is known about her early life or educational background.
In 1931, withLaura Thoma [de], Vock formed the groupAmiticia, taking the position of secretary. The aim of the organization was to relieve the isolation of lesbians and through strong associations promote acceptance and visibility. The original ad in lesbian magazineGarconne proclaimed: "Sisters ofLesbos, you too have a full right to love and its freedom."[1] In October of the same year, Volk joined the gay organizationExcentric-Club – Zürich and made it an integrated organization, in which Volk herself became president in 1933.
In 1932, Thoma and EZC memberAugust Bambula [de] founded the magazine Freundschafts-Banner,[1] which changed its name several times, eventually becomingDer Kreis ('the circle', 1942–1967), the primaryhomosexual publication in Europe. Vock was involved at the beginning, focusing on the women's section and personal ads, but became more and more involved, eventually becoming the editor and publisher of the magazine from 1933 to 1942.
During her time as editor, Volk was targeted by multiple sources for her work on the paper. The tabloid magazinesSheinwerfer andGuggu published her real name and addresses after she had started working under the pen name "Mammina", resulting in the loss of several jobs.[2] She was charged with "acting as apander" for her work in the personal ads, but later acquitted on appeal, and arrested on suspicion of communist activity, but released.
Karl Meir, who succeeded Volk as editor of Das Kreis in 1943, published his obituary in the magazine. "Farewell, Mammina. Your name will remain forever united to our cause in Switzerland. You prepared the ground on which we must build. Hopefully we will succeed."