Angola–Turkey relations are thebilateral relations betweenAngola andTurkey. The Turkish Embassy inLuanda opened on April 1, 2010. The Angolan embassy inAnkara opened on April 4, 2013.[1]
Turkey recognized Angola in 1975[1] even though there was pressure from theUnited States to do otherwise.[citation needed] TheCuban presence in Angola, andSWAPO[2] andANC[2] bases in Angola led much of the Western world, including theUnited States to conclude[3] thatAngola was becoming a Soviet-sponsored state.[4]
TheCuban presence in Angola and theSouth Africanincursions into Angola determined much of Angola's foreign policy during the 1980s.[5]
During the negotiations to endSouth Africa’s illegal occupation[5] ofNamibia, Turkey tried — in vain[6] — to separate the issues of Namibian independence,Cuban troops in Angola and apartheid. On the grounds that an independent Namibia would enlarge the territory available to countries linked to theSoviet Union,South Africa continued its occupation of Namibia.[7]
Trying to chart a neutral position, Turkey condemned Cuban troops in Angola[7] but also joined Angola in condemning[5]South Africanincursions into Angola. Trying to rally countries to its side, Turkey pointed out the irony of havingCuban troops guardingAmerican and Turkish[5] companies against attacks by South African commandos[7] that were receiving assistance from theUnited States.
^Soremekun, Fola. "Angola." pp. 25–59 in Timothy M. Shaw and Olajide Aluko (eds.), The Political Economy of African Foreign Policy. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1984.
^abcSmith, Wayne S. "A Trap in Angola," Foreign Policy, No. 62, Spring 1986, pp. 61-74.
^abcdYoung, Thomas. "Angola: Recent History." pp. 224–28 in Africa South of the Sahara, 1986. London: Europa, 1985.
^Sidler, Peter. "South Africa and the Namibia Question," Swiss Review of World Affairs [Zurich], 38, No. 4. July 1988, 21-22.
^abcOgunbadejo, Oye. "Angola: Ideology and Pragmatism in Foreign Policy," International Affairs [London], 57, Spring 1981, pp. 254-69.
Soremekun, Fola. "Angola." pp. 25–59 in Timothy M. Shaw and Olajide Aluko (eds.), The Political Economy of African Foreign Policy. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1984.
Wheeler, Douglas L., and Rene Pelissier. Angola. New York: Praeger, 1971.
Young, Thomas. "Angola: Recent History." pp. 224–28 in Africa South of the Sahara, 1986. London: Europa, 1985.
