You can helpexpand this article with text translated fromthe corresponding article in Russian. (August 2022)Click [show] for important translation instructions.
Machine translation, likeDeepL orGoogle Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia.
Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
Youmust providecopyright attribution in theedit summary accompanying your translation by providing aninterlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary isContent in this edit is translated from the existing Russian Wikipedia article at [[:ru:Андрей Юрьевич Боголюбский]]; see its history for attribution.
You may also add the template{{Translated|ru|Андрей Юрьевич Боголюбский}} to thetalk page.
He commenced the construction of fortifications around the town of Vladimir in 1158[11] (completed in 1164[3]), as well as theDormition Cathedral in Vladimir.[8][12] In 1162 or 1164, Andrey sent an embassy toConstantinople, lobbying for a separate metropolitan see in Vladimir,[13] but he was overruled by the patriarch of Constantinople.[14] Fortifications around Vladimir were completed in 1164.[3] The same year Andrey attacked theVolga Bolgars;[3] he won a victory, but according to later traditions, a son was killed in battle, to whose memory he supposedly ordered the construction of theChurch of the Intercession on the Nerl in 1165.[15][16]
In March 1169Andrey's troops sacked Kiev, devastating it as never before.[4][17] Andrey did not take part in the attack; he stayed in Vladimir-Suzdal while his troops sacked the capital.[18] After plundering the city,[19] stealing much religious artwork, many books and valuables and devastating houses and religious buildings alike,[20] Andrew claimed the title of Grand Prince, although he kept his residence at Vladimir, and emphasized the Byzantine religious heritage of Vladimir to assert Vladimir's prestige and ecclesiastical independence from Kiev.[21] Andrey had his brother Gleb appointed as prince of Kiev, in an attempt to create a position of overlordship for himself.[22] This overlordship lasted for less than two years,[23] ending with Gleb's death on 20 January 1171.[22][24]
Andrey's attempts to control other parts of Kievan Rus' were barely successful either; hisSiege of Novgorod (1170) was a failure, and the Suzdalians were defeated.[25] Although he managed to later blackmail the Novgorodians by imposing a blockade on the trade hub, securing the princehood for his sonYury Bogolyubsky in 1171,[24] the Novgorodians immediately expelled him upon Andrey's death in June 1174.[26][27]
Gleb's death in 1171 causedanother Kievan succession crisis, and Andrey became embroiled in a two-year war to regain control over Kiev.[28][29][24] When the Rostislavichi of Smolensk and Iziaslavichi of Volhynia jointly secured the throne of Kiev, Andrey assembled another coalition andmarched on Vyshhorod in 1173, where the Yurievichi–Olgovichi forces of Suzdalia and Chernigov were utterly defeated.[28][29][24]
In this 15th-centuryRadziwiłł Chronicle miniature, Andrey Bogolyubsky's left arm is cut off by his assassins,[30] although the texts claim his "right hand" was cut off.[30][31] A 1965 autopsy of Andrey's body confirmed the left arm showed many cut marks.[31]
The defeat of Andrey's second coalition at Vyshgorod, the expansion of his princely authority, and his conflicts with the upper nobility, theboyars, gave rise to a conspiracy that resulted in Bogolyubsky's death on the night of 28–29 June 1174, when twenty of them burst into his chambers and slew him in his bed.[32]
Kievan Chroniclesub anno 6683 (1175 [sic]):Church Slavonic:Петръ же ѿтѧ ему руку десную. кнѧзь же вьзрѣвъ. на н҃бо. и реч̑ Гс̑и в руцѣ твои предаю тобѣ дх҃ъ мои. и тако оуспе оубьенъ же быс̑ в суботу на нощь.[33],romanized: Petrŭ zhe ōtya emu ruku desnuju. knyazĭ zhe vĭzrěvŭ na nebo, i rech: Gospodi v rutsě tvoi predaju tobě dukhŭ moi. i tako ouspe oubĭenŭ zhe bys̑ v subotu na noshchĭ.,lit.'And Peter took from him his right hand. The prince looked upon heaven and said: 'Lord, into your hands I commit my spirit.' And so was he taken away on Saturday night.'
Radziwiłł Chroniclesub anno 6683 (1175 [sic]):Church Slavonic:Петръ ему же от(ъ)тя руку десную. И убьенъ ж(е) быс(ть) в суб(оту) на ноч(ь).,romanized: Petrŭ emu zhe ot(ŭ)tya ruku desnuju. I ubĭenŭ zh(e) bys(tĭ) v sub(otu) na noch(ĭ).,lit.'And Peter took his right hand from him. And he was killed on Saturday night.'[34]
However, theRadziwiłł Chronicle's adjoiningminiature depicts his assailants cutting off his left arm.[30] Moreover, whenDmitry Gerasimovich Rokhlin [ru] examined the exhumed body of Andrey Bogolyubsky in 1965, he "found a lot of cut marks on the lefthumerus andforearm bones".[31] A 2009 special historical study by Russian historian A.V. Artcikhovsky (2009) would later confirm Rokhlin's observations.[31]
A son,Iziaslav Andreevich [ru], reportedly buried in theDormition Cathedral of Vladimir on 28 October 1164 (Kievan Chronicle)[35] or 1165 (Suzdalian Chronicle). According to later traditions, reported by Janet Martin (2007), Iziaslav's death was related to the successful 1164 Suzdalian campaign againstVolga Bulgaria, and Andrey supposedly commissioned the construction of theChurch of the Intercession on the Nerl to commemorate this son in 1165.[36] However, this connection is not mentioned in any chronicle until the 16th century; the Nerl church could be as old as 1158; and theSuzdalian Chronicle reports that everyone in Andrey'sdruzhina, which included Iziaslav, was in good health after the battle (а свою дружину всю сдраву, "and his druzhina all healthy").[citation needed]
A son,Mstislav Andreevich [uk;ru]; according to theKievan Chronicle, he died on 28 March 1172 (incorrectly listed under the year "6681", which corresponds to 1173).[37] According to Janet Martin (2007), Mstislav's death was related to the ill-fated 1171–1172 Suzdalian winter campaign againstVolga Bulgaria.[37][38] TheKievan andSuzdalian Chronicle agree that it was Mstislav Andreevich (Andreevič, Andrejevič) who commanded the Suzdalian-led coalition thatsacked Kiev in 1169, and then installed his uncleGleb (Andrey's brother) as prince of Kiev.[39]
In theSuzdalian Chronicle, columns 367–369 contain the Short eulogy to Andrey Bogolyubsky.[40]
In theKievan Chronicle, columns 580–595 contain the Long eulogy to Andrey Bogolyubsky,[40] also known as theTale About the Slaying of Andrej Bogoljubskij (Povĕst' ob ubienii Andreja [Bogoljubskogo]).[41]
The ancient icon,Theotokos of Bogolyubovo, was painted in the 12th century at the request of Andrey Bogolyubsky.[42]
Andrey had the castle,Bogolyubovo, built near Vladimir, and it would become his favorite residence[11]
^Martin, Janet (2004) [1986].Treasure of the Land of Darkness: The Fur Trade and Its Significance for Medieval Russia. Cambridge University Press. p. 127.ISBN9780521548113.
^John Meyendorff (2010).Byzantium and the Rise of Russia A Study of Byzantino-Russian Relations in the Fourteenth Century. Cambridge University Press. pp. 16,20–21.ISBN9780521135337.
Paszkiewicz. H. (1954).The Origin of Russia. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
Review:Vernadsky, George (1955). "Reviewed work: The Origin of Russia, Henryk Paszkiewicz".Speculum.30 (2):293–301.doi:10.2307/2848497.JSTOR2848497.
Review:Jakobson, Roman (1955). "Reviewed work: The Origin of Russia, Henryk Paszkiewicz".The American Historical Review.61 (1):106–108.doi:10.2307/1845345.JSTOR1845345.
Pelenski, Jaroslaw (1988). "The Contest for the "Kievan Succession" (1155–1175): The Religious-Ecclesiastical Dimension".Harvard Ukrainian Studies. 12/13: 776.JSTOR41036344.
Raffensperger, Christian;Ostrowski, Donald (2023).The Ruling Families of Rus: Clan, Family and Kingdom. London: Reaktion Books. p. 309.ISBN978-1-78914-745-2. (e-book)
