American political party
TheAmerican Solidarity Party (ASP ) is anAmerican syncretic political party founded in 2011 and officially incorporated in 2016. It is aChristian democratic political party withcenter-left economic values andcenter-right social values.[ 4] [ 5] [ 10] The party has a Solidarity National Committee (SNC) and has numerous active state and local chapters.[ 10] [ 11] The party adheres to aconsistent life ethic , opposingabortion ,surrogacy ,IVF ,euthanasia ,assisted suicide ,capital punishment , andunjust war . They supportuniversal healthcare ,immigration , andwelfare .[ 12]
The American Solidarity Party has been characterized associally conservative while supportinggovernment intervention in economic matters.[ 13] The ASP encourages social development along the lines ofsubsidiarity andsphere sovereignty , with a stated emphasis on "the importance of strong families, local communities, and voluntary associations".[ 14] It favorsfiscally progressive policies,[ 10] [ 15] [ 16] as well as asocial market economy with adistributist character,[ 17] [ 18] which seeks "widespread economic participation and ownership",[ 18] and providing asocial safety net program .
In the2024 United States presidential election , it was on the ballot in Alabama, Alaska, Arkansas, Florida, Hawaii, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Ohio.Peter Sonski was the party's nominee in the2024 United States presidential election .
Members gathered for the 2017 ASP Midwestern Regional Meeting The American Solidarity party was founded in 2011 as the Christian Democratic Party USA (CDPUSA) by founders David "Frost" Harris, Kirk Morrison, and Jack Quirk.[ 10] [ 19] The party's original name was inspired by its European counterparts, the Polish trade union known asSolidarity ,[ 20] and the current one reflects its more developed ideology and focus in the years since.[ 10] The ASP mascot is thepelican , a traditionalsymbol of charity.[ 21]
In 2012, the CDPUSA endorsed the independent candidacy ofJoe Schriner for president.[ 22]
In December 2020, the American Solidarity Party joined the board of theCoalition for Free and Open Elections (COFOE).[ 23]
The American Solidarity Party largely adheres to the ideology ofChristian democracy , which has been influenced byCatholic social teaching ,Neo-Calvinist theology and the social teachings espoused by other traditions ofChristianity in various parts of the world.[ 3] [ 24] [ 25] [ 4] [ 5] As such, the ASP looks to the Christian democratic movements in Europe and the Americas.[ 26]
The American Solidarity Party has been characterized asconservative on social issues while supportinggovernment intervention in economic matters, making itcommunitarian .[ 13] [ 27]
The American Solidarity Party opposesabortion ,euthanasia , andcapital punishment on the basis of the sanctity of human life. It views the traditional family as being central to society.[ 16]
The American Solidarity Party advocates for a sympathetic approach to immigration. They believe in balancing the need for secure borders with a commitment to human dignity. This involves addressing the root causes ofmigration , such as the impact of the country's military, political, and economic power abroad.[ 16]
The American Solidarity Party supports auniversal healthcare system as well as an economy containing widespread distribution ofproductive property , in particular increasedworker ownership andmanagement of their production.[ 28] [ 29] [ 30]
Foreign policy issues [ edit ] The American Solidarity Party isnon-interventionist in its foreign policy, using peace as its guiding principle. It supports foreign aid and nonviolent diplomacy, while opposing violent military action as a means to resolve conflicts.[ 16]
The American Solidarity Party advocates forelectoral reform , aiming to combat what they call a "political oligarchy " and gridlock. They propose proportional representation for theHouse of Representatives , endorseranked-choice voting orapproval voting in all elections, and support easy voter registration. The party also emphasizes fair access forindependent candidates , access to impartial information, and pilot programs for electronic voting with consideration for security concerns.[ 16]
Daniel Silliman writes that the American Solidarity Party, as with other Christian-democratic political parties, draws from Catholic social teaching and Neo-Calvinist theology.[ 3] In the same vein, David McPherson says that the American Solidarity Party "affirm[s] ... the full spectrum of Catholic social teaching (namely, the teachings regarding the sanctity of human life, the common good, subsidiarity, religious freedom, solidarity, etc.)," contrasting the ASP to both theRepublican Party and theDemocratic Party , each of which recognizes only some of these items.[ 31] Its strongest support is inCalifornia andTexas , according to theMadera Tribune (ofMadera, California ).[ 26]
Members of the American Solidarity Party use thedemonym "Solidarist" to refer to themselves.[ 32]
Presidential election [ edit ] During the2016 presidential election season , the American Solidarity Party held an online convention on July 9, 2016, which nominated Amir Azarvan ofGeorgia for president andMike Maturen ofMichigan for vice-president.[ 33] [ 34] [ 35] [ 21] However, Azarvan subsequently withdrew, and in response the ticket was revised, with Maturen running for president and Juan Muñoz ofTexas running for vice-president.[ 31] [ 26] [ 33] [ 36] [ 21]
For the 2016 election, the American Solidarity Party was listed on the ballot in Colorado.[ 37] It was a certified write-in option in Alabama,[ 38] California,[ 39] Georgia,[ 40] Iowa,[ 38] Kansas,[ 41] Kentucky,[ 42] Maryland,[ 43] Michigan,[ 44] Minnesota, New Hampshire,[ 38] New Jersey,[ 38] Ohio,[ 45] Oregon,[ 38] [ 46] Pennsylvania,[ 38] Rhode Island,[ 38] Texas,[ 47] Vermont,[ 38] and Washington.[ 48] Maturen received 6,697 votes in Colorado.[ 49]
For the November 2017 off-year elections, the American Solidarity Party ran a candidate for New Jersey legislature, Monica Sohler, in the 6th district. She received 821 votes.[ 50]
Desmond Silveira, a software engineer, was a national committee member of the American Solidarity Party, served as the campaign manager for the Maturen-Muñoz 2016 campaign, the vice chair of the ASP, and the director of operations for the party. In 2018, he ran for governor, receiving 4,633 votes in theprimary election .[ 51] [ 52] [ note 1]
Brian T. Carroll ran againstDevin Nunes forCalifornia's 22nd congressional district receiving 1,591 votes in theprimary election .[ 53] [ 54] [ note 1]
Shane Ian Hoffman ran as the ASP's candidate inOhio's 15th Congressional District. He did not make the ballot and was a write-in candidate.[ 55]
Presidential election [ edit ] In the2020 U.S. presidential election ,Brian Carroll ,Joe Schriner , and Joshua Perkins announced their candidacies for the ASP nomination. Carroll was declared the winner of the nomination on September 9, 2019.[ 56] [ 57]
For the 2020 election, the American Solidarity Party was on the ballot in Arkansas,[ 58] Colorado,[ 59] Guam, Illinois,[ 60] Louisiana,[ 61] Mississippi,[ 62] Rhode Island,[ 63] Vermont[ 64] and Wisconsin.[ 65]
It was a certified write-in option in Alabama,[ 66] Alaska,[ 67] California,[ 68] Connecticut,[ 69] Delaware,[ 70] Florida,[ 71] Georgia,[ 72] Idaho, Indiana,[ 73] Iowa,[ 66] Kansas,Kentucky,[ 74] Maryland,[ 75] Massachusetts,[ 76] Michigan,Minnesota,Missouri,Nebraska,New Hampshire,[ 66] New Jersey,[ 66] New York, North Dakota, Ohio,[ 77] [ 78] Oregon, Pennsylvania,[ 66] Tennessee, Texas,[ 79] Utah,[ 80] Virginia,[ 81] Washington, and Wyoming.
Benjamin Schmitz ran for state senate in the Wisconsin 13th state senate district in the April 6th legislative special election.[ 82] Stephen Hollenberg ran for a state house seat in the Merrimack, New Hampshire special election on April 13, 2021.[ 83]
California gubernatorial recall election [ edit ] Dr. James G Hanink was endorsed by the American Solidarity Party for the2021 California gubernatorial recall election .[ 84] He hosts the Open Door podcast and is the president of the American Maritain Association.[ 85] [ 86] Dr. Hanink is a frequent contributor to theNew Oxford Review and spent four decades dedicated to teaching atLoyola Marymount University and published papers in the areas ofmetaphysics ,epistemology , andsocial thought .[ 87] [ 88] [ 89] [ note 1] Hanink received 7,193 votes, 0.01% of all votes, an increase in both raw votes and percentage from Silveira's 2018 gubernatorial run.[ 90]
Dr. James G. Hanink ran again for governor of California in2022 .[ 91] [ 92] He received 10,110 votes.
Dr. Mark A. Ruzon ran as a write-in candidate forU.S. Senate in California ,[ 92] receiving 206 votes.[ 93]
Desmond A. Silveira ran as a write-in candidate forCalifornia Secretary of State ,[ 92] receiving 235 votes.[ 94]
Erskine L. Levi ran for U.S. Congress as a write-in candidate inCalifornia's 31st congressional district ,[ 92] receiving 17 votes.[ 95]
Dr. Jacqueline Abernathy ran for governor of Texas as a write-in candidate,[ 96] [ 97] receiving 1,326 votes.[ 98]
Solidarity National Committee member Dr. Tyler Martin ran forgovernor of Nebraska .[ 99] Nebraska does not report write-in votes separately.[ 100]
Oliver Black ran for U.S. Congress inWashington's 3rd congressional district ,[ 101] [ 102] receiving 451 votes.[ 103]
The party endorsed Democratic candidate and AND Campaign co-founderPastor Chris Butler for U.S. Congress inIllinois's 1st congressional district . He was eliminated in the Democratic primary, receiving 3,707 votes.[ 104]
Presidential election [ edit ] On June 2, 2023,Peter Sonski won the nomination of the party for President of the United States.[ 105] [ 106] The primary was conducted by an online members' vote. The vice presidential nominee, Lauren Onak, was selected by Sonski before the national convention in early July inPlano , Texas, and she was formally nominated there.[ 107] The party was on the ballot in Arkansas, Alaska, Hawaii, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Ohio.[ 108] Additionally, the American Solidarity Party had approvedwrite-in status in California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Dakota, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming.[ 109]
U.S. Senate elections [ edit ] Dr. Mark Ruzon ran for the2024 United States Senate elections in California .[ 110] [ 111] Statewide polling indicated that he is an underdog in the race.[ 112] [ 113] In California'stop-two system, all candidates regardless of party affiliation run together, and the top two proceed to the November election. On theSuper Tuesday primary election, Ruzon received 13,429 votes, equal to 0.2%, placing 23rd out of 27 candidates on the ballot.[ 114]
Analisa Roche ran as a write-in candidate in the2024 United States Senate election in Texas . She received 1,492 votes (0.01%).
U.S. House of Representatives District 31 in California [ edit ] Erskine Levi Jr. ran forCongressional District 31 in California ,[ 115] participating in a candidate forum to discuss housing, climate, war and peace.[ 116] He did not proceed past the first round of the blanket primary, placing 9th out of 10 candidates with 1,166 votes, or 1.2%.[ 114]
Eric K. Anton received a ballot-line for the American Solidarity Party for the2024 Pennsylvania Auditor General election .[ 117] However, his campaign was invisible, as he lacked any social media or online presence.[ 118] According to Anton's campaign finance he spent $0 on the race as all attempts to contact him by local Pennsylvania media was unsuccessful.[ 119] [ 120] However, public records show Anton as being a registered member of the party since 2017, served on its national committee, and is the party's state coordinator.[ 121] Anton won 20,967 votes (0.31%).
Presidential tickets [ edit ] Presidential election ballot access and results [ edit ] American Solidarity Party ballot access during the 2024 presidential election Certified for ballot
Registered write-in
Automatic write-in
Not on ballot
ASP ballot status in 2020 On ballot
Write-in
Not on ballot
ASP ballot status in 2016 On ballot
Write-in
Not on ballot
History of American Solidarity Party ballot access and presidential election results by state or territory Year 2016 2020 2024 Party nominees Mike Maturen (president) Juan Muñoz (vice president)Brian T. Carroll (president)Amar Patel (vice president)Peter Sonski (president) Lauren Onak (vice president)States & D.C.ballot access (write-in access) 1 (25)8 (31)7 (45)Ballot access to electoral votes (write-in access) 9 (323)66 (397)74 (480)Alabama Unreported Unreported Unreported Alaska Unreported Unreported 702[ 127] Arizona Arkansas 1,713[ 128] 2,141[ 129] California 1,316[ 130] 2,605[ 131] 2,924 Colorado 862[ 132] 2,515[ 133] 910 Connecticut 220[ 134] 162 Delaware 87[ 135] 98 District of Columbia Florida 854[ 136] 7,454[ 137] Georgia 151[ 138] 756[ 139] [ a] 730 Guam (advisory)138[ 141] 46[ 142] Hawaii 936[ 143] Idaho 35[ 144] [ b] 163[ 145] 239 Illinois 9,548[ 146] 1,391 Indiana 895[ 147] 1,347[ 148] Iowa Unreported Unreported 195 Kansas 214[ 149] 583[ 150] [ b] 569 Kentucky 155[ 151] 408[ 152] 611[ 153] Louisiana 2,497[ 154] 2,240[ 155] Maine 65 Maryland 504[ 156] 795[ 157] 1,012 Massachusetts 164[ 158] [ c] 280 Michigan 517[ 159] 963[ 160] 1,212 Minnesota 244[ 161] 1,037[ 162] 882 Mississippi 1,161[ 163] 1,007 Missouri 664[ 164] 1,069 Montana Nebraska Unreported Unreported Unreported Nevada New Hampshire Unreported 79[ c] 159 New Jersey Unreported 330[ 165] [ d] [ b] 385 New Mexico New York 409[ 167] 892[ 168] 1,544 North Carolina North Dakota Unreported 36[ 169] [ b] Ohio 552[ 170] 1,450[ 171] 10,197[ 172] Oklahoma Oregon Unreported Unreported Pennsylvania Unreported 1,164 [ b] 829 Rhode Island 34[ 173] 767[ 174] South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee 762[ 175] Texas 1,401[ 176] 3,207[ 177] 3,780[ 178] Utah 368[ 179] 441[ 180] Vermont 19[ 181] 209[ 182] 55 Virginia Unreported Unreported 32 Washington Unreported 18[ e] West Virginia 63 Wisconsin 284[ 183] 5,259[ 184] 647 Wyoming Unreported Total 6,697 42,305 46,472
Legend Listed on ballot Registered as write-in candidate Write-in candidates allowed without registration Not a candidate in the state/territory/district
^ This table reflects the results certified byFulton County which were released after those certified by the state for other counties.[ 140] ^a b c d e May have received write-in votes, which have not yet been reported by the state. ^a b Compiled from results reported by local governments. ^ Compiled from results reported by counties.[ 166] ^ Skagit County was the only county to count write-in votes. State/territorial party Chairperson Members Upper house seats Lower house seats Ballot access Presidential ballot access (2024) American Solidarity Party of California Dominick DiCarlo[ 185] No Yes American Solidarity Party of Colorado No No American Solidarity Party of Florida Yes Yes American Solidarity Party of Georgia No No American Solidarity Party of Idaho No No American Solidarity Party of Illinois No No American Solidarity Party of Indiana Bonnie Kallis[ 186] No No American Solidarity Party of Maryland No No American Solidarity Party of Massachusetts No No American Solidarity Party of Michigan No No American Solidarity Party of Missouri No No American Solidarity Party of North Carolina No No American Solidarity Party of Ohio Shane Hoffman[ 187] No Yes American Solidarity Party of Oregon No No American Solidarity Party of Pennsylvania No No American Solidarity Party of Tennessee Jeffery Combs[ 188] No No American Solidarity Party of Texas No No American Solidarity Party of Utah No No American Solidarity Party of Washington No No American Solidarity Party of Wisconsin David Bovee[ 189] No No
Notable party supporters [ edit ] Stephen Bainbridge ,UCLA law professorCharles A. Coulombe , Catholic author, historian, and lecturer[ 190] Patrick Deneen , author ofWhy Liberalism Failed , member of ASP board of advisors[ 191] Rod Dreher , senior editor and blogger atThe American Conservative and author of several books, includingHow Dante Can Save Your Life andThe Benedict Option [ 192] [ 193] [ 194] Dan Lipinski , former US representative[ 195] Terry Mattingly , journalist, author, and professor[ 196] [ 197] Brian Carroll , former ASP presidential candidateMike Maturen , former ASP presidential candidateJoe Schriner , former ASP presidential candidateGeorge Yancey , sociologist and professor of sociology atBaylor University [ 198] Howard Ahmanson Jr. , philanthropist and writer[ 199] ^a b c Because the American Solidarity Party did not haveballot access in California at the time of the election, the candidate was listed on the ballot as having "no party preference " ^ "American Solidarity Party" .Facebook . June 22, 2025. RetrievedJune 23, 2025 .^ "American Solidarity Party" . June 22, 2025. RetrievedJune 23, 2025 .^a b c Silliman, Daniel (June 22, 2020)."For Third-Party Christians, Some Things Are More Important Than Winning" .Christianity Today . RetrievedJanuary 19, 2022 .As the American Solidarity candidate for president, Carroll wants to grow the party, which was founded in 2011 on Catholic social teaching and neo-Calvinist political theology. ^a b c Black, Susannah (August 15, 2016)."Mr. Maturen Goes to Washington" .Front Porch Republic .Archived from the original on August 17, 2016. RetrievedAugust 16, 2016 .What's next may be hinted at by a 51 year old devout Catholic, businessman, and semi-professional magician named Mike Maturen, who recently accepted the presidential nomination of the American Solidarity Party, the only active Christian Democratic party in the nation. ^a b c "Christian Democracy" .American Solidarity Party .Archived from the original on November 16, 2018. RetrievedJuly 18, 2018 .^a b "Did you know there's a third party based on Catholic teaching?" .Catholic News Agency . October 12, 2016. RetrievedDecember 24, 2021 .Politically, we would be considered center-right on social issues and center-left on economic issues. ^ "New political party says its roots are in Catholic Social Teaching" . November 26, 2018. RetrievedNovember 17, 2021 .opportunities for socially conservative, economically progressive movements, and desired to get involved in such movements…and was glad to see that ASP was interested in applying such ways of thinking to contemporary issues. ^ "American Solidarity Party" .X.com . June 22, 2025. RetrievedJune 23, 2025 .^ "Elected Officials - American Solidarity Party" .American Solidarity Party . RetrievedApril 16, 2025 .^a b c d e Longenecker, Dwight (May 12, 2016)."Is It Time for a US Christian Democracy Party?" . Aleteia. RetrievedJuly 4, 2016 . ^ "About Us" .American Solidarity Party . Archived fromthe original on July 19, 2018. RetrievedJuly 18, 2018 .^ "Principles and Platform" .American Solidarity Party . RetrievedOctober 22, 2025 .^a b Padusniak, Chase (Winter 2015),"Why You Should Vote Third Party" ,Intercollegiate Review ,Intercollegiate Studies Institute , archived fromthe original on August 21, 2016, retrievedJuly 21, 2016 ,For the socially-conservative American who thinks government intervention has some place in the economy, the American Solidarity Party might fit. ^ "An Interview with David Frost and Kirk Morrison" . Christian Democracy Magazine. RetrievedJune 23, 2016 .^ "New political party says its roots are in Catholic Social Teaching" . November 26, 2018. RetrievedNovember 17, 2021 .I was working on my doctoral dissertation largely concerning difficulties and opportunities for socially conservative, economically progressive movements, and desired to get involved in such movements ... and was glad to see that ASP was interested in applying such ways of thinking to contemporary issues. ^a b c d e "Platform" .American Solidarity Party . RetrievedApril 12, 2018 .^ "Christian Democracy" .American Solidarity Party . Archived fromthe original on November 16, 2018. RetrievedJuly 18, 2018 .^a b "Did you know there's a third party based on Catholic teaching?" .Catholic News Agency . October 12, 2016. RetrievedJanuary 1, 2020 .We believe in the economic concept of distributism as taught by GK Chesterton and Hilaire Belloc. ^ Thomas, Sean C. (2023)."A Home for the Politically Homeless? The American Solidarity Party, Catholics, and Third Parties in U.S. Politics" .Политикологија религије .XVII (2):353– 379.doi :10.54561/prj1702353t .ISSN 1820-6581 . ^ "Platform" . Archived fromthe original on June 10, 2021. RetrievedSeptember 30, 2021 .^a b c Longenecker, Dwight (August 25, 2016),"This man says America's ready for a centrist Christian party" ,Crux , archived fromthe original on October 17, 2016, retrievedAugust 26, 2016 ^ Wood, Elizabeth (2012)."Christian Democratic Party- USA endorses Joe Schriner for President" .Joe Schriner . RetrievedAugust 3, 2016 .Roanoke, VA –independent presidential candidate "Average" Joe Schriner was proudly endorsed by the Christian Democrats (CDP-USA). ^ Winger, Richard (December 3, 2020)."American Solidarity Party Joins Board of Coalition for Free & Open Elections (COFOE)" .Ballot Access News . RetrievedDecember 4, 2020 . ^ Monsma, Stephen V. (2012).Pluralism and Freedom: Faith-based Organizations in a Democratic Society .Rowman & Littlefield . p. 13.ISBN 9781442214309 .This is the Christian Democratic tradition and the structural pluralist concepts that underlie it. The Roman Catholic social teaching of subsidiarity and its related concepts, as well as the parallel neo-Calvinist concept of sphere sovereignty, play major roles in structural pluralist thought. ^ Witte, John (1993).Christianity and Democracy in Global Context .Westview Press . p. 9.ISBN 9780813318431 . ^a b c Rieping, John (August 6, 2016),"New party boosted by election frustrations" ,The Madera Tribune ,Madera, California , retrievedAugust 6, 2016 ^ O'Brien, Breda (September 17, 2016),"US struggles to find an honest candidate for president" ,The Irish Times , retrievedSeptember 21, 2016 ^ Rosa, Michelle La (July 16, 2021)."The American Solidarity Party is growing. Can it succeed?" .The Pillar . RetrievedDecember 14, 2021 . ^ "Solidarity? In America" .The American Conservative . October 16, 2020. RetrievedDecember 21, 2021 .^ "Patrick Harris The state of American solidarity SDP Talks" . Social Democratic Party. March 28, 2021. RetrievedNovember 14, 2021 – viaYouTube .^a b McPherson, David (July 29, 2016),"The Politics of Solidarity: The Case for the American Solidarity Party" ,First Things , retrievedJuly 29, 2016 ^ Conley, John J. (September 8, 2016)."Confessions of a Solidarist" . America Magazine. RetrievedMay 17, 2017 . ^a b "Here's the (revised) ticket - American Solidarity Party in 2016" ,A Follower of Francis blog , July 13, 2016, retrievedAugust 6, 2016 ^ "Interview with Amir Azarvan" ,The Conservative Alternative blog , July 14, 2016, retrievedAugust 6, 2016 ^ "Interview with Mike Maturen" ,The Conservative Alternative blog , July 14, 2016, retrievedAugust 6, 2016 ^ "Magic Mike: 2016 voter angst brings attention to American Solidarity Party" . Aleteia. August 5, 2016. Archived fromthe original on January 20, 2021. RetrievedAugust 5, 2016 .^ "2016 General Election Candidate List" . RetrievedAugust 12, 2016 .^a b c d e f g h "Ballot access for presidential candidates" .Ballotpedia . RetrievedSeptember 26, 2016 .^ "Essential Politics October archive" .Los Angeles Times . November 2016.^ "Georgia 2016 General Election" .The Green Papers . RetrievedSeptember 26, 2016 .^ "Office of the Kansas Secretary of State" (PDF) .^ "Election Candidate Filings - President of the United States" .Kentucky.gov . Archived fromthe original on September 30, 2016. RetrievedSeptember 26, 2016 .^ "2016 Candidate Listing" .Maryland.gov . RetrievedSeptember 26, 2016 .^ "Michigan 2016 General Election" .The Green Papers . RetrievedOctober 19, 2016 .^ "Archived copy" . Archived fromthe original on September 27, 2016. RetrievedSeptember 29, 2016 .{{cite web }}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link )^ "Election Law Summary" (PDF) .Oregon Secretary of State . Elections Division. p. 14. RetrievedOctober 19, 2016 .^ "Fighting to get on the presidential ballot in Texas" .The Star-Telegram . RetrievedSeptember 26, 2016 .^ "Official List of Write-In Candidates for the 2016 General Election" (PDF) .Washington Secretary of State . RetrievedOctober 11, 2016 .^ United States third-party and independent presidential candidates, 2016#Summary ^ "Monica Sohler" .Ballotpedia .^ Silveira, Desmond."Desmond Silveira for Governor" . RetrievedJanuary 29, 2018 . ^ "Statewide Direct Primary Election - Statement of the Vote, June 5, 2018" (PDF) .California Secretary of State . RetrievedJuly 25, 2018 .^ "Candidates Running for California's 22nd Congressional Share Views at Forum" . February 16, 2018.^ "California Secretary of State" (PDF) .elections.cdn.sos.ca.gov . RetrievedDecember 11, 2018 .^ Collins, Steve (October 8, 2020)."Know your candidates: Ohio 15th Congressional District" .Circleville Herald . RetrievedNovember 23, 2020 . ^ "American Solidarity Party" . Facebook.Archived from the original on September 29, 2025. RetrievedSeptember 10, 2019 .^ "Party History" . American Solidarity Party. Archived fromthe original on November 6, 2020. RetrievedJuly 28, 2020 .^ "Candidate Information" . Arkansas Secretary of State. RetrievedSeptember 5, 2020 .^ "2020 General Election Candidate List" . Colorado Secretary of State. RetrievedSeptember 5, 2020 .^ "WEBSITE CANDIDATE LIST" . ILLINOIS STATE BOARD OF ELECTIONS. RetrievedSeptember 5, 2020 .[permanent dead link ] ^ "Candidate List" . Louisiana Secretary of State. RetrievedSeptember 5, 2020 .^ "Candidate Qualifying List" (PDF) . Mississippi Secretary of State.^ "Candidates for INDEPENDENT PRESIDENTIAL ELECTOR" .Rhode Island Secretary of State . RetrievedSeptember 11, 2020 .^ "Qualified Candidate Listing" . Vermont Secretary of State.^ "Candidates on Ballot by Election" (PDF) . Wisconsin Elections Commission. Archived fromthe original (PDF) on November 18, 2020. RetrievedOctober 22, 2020 .^a b c d e "July 2016 Ballot Access News Print Edition" . Ballot Access News. July 30, 2016. RetrievedSeptember 5, 2020 .States that allow write-ins in the general election, and don't have write-in filing laws, are legally obliged to count all write-ins: Alabama, Iowa, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, and Vermont. ^ "Alaska Division of Elections- General Election Candidates" . Alaska Division of Elections. Archived fromthe original on October 2, 2020. RetrievedAugust 28, 2020 .^ "Certified List of Write-in Candidates" (PDF) .California Secretary of State . RetrievedOctober 24, 2020 .^ "Registered Write-in Candidates" (PDF) .Connecticut Secretary of State . RetrievedOctober 23, 2020 .^ "Declared Write-In Candidates by Office" . State of Delaware · Department of Elections · Office of the State Election Commissioner. Archived fromthe original on August 28, 2019. RetrievedSeptember 1, 2020 .^ "Candidate Listing for 2020 General Election" . Florida Department of State. RetrievedAugust 29, 2020 .^ "Qualifying Candidate Information" . Georgia Secretary of State.^ "Candidate List - Abbreviated" (PDF) . Indiana Secretary of State. Archived fromthe original (PDF) on October 28, 2020. RetrievedAugust 31, 2020 .^ "Candidate Filings with the Office of the Secretary of State" .Kentucky Secretary of State . Archived fromthe original on October 11, 2020. RetrievedOctober 8, 2020 .^ "2020 Presidential General Election State Candidates List" .Maryland State Board of Elections . RetrievedOctober 9, 2020 .^ "Brian Carroll, ASP for President 2020" .Facebook .Archived from the original on September 29, 2025. RetrievedSeptember 16, 2020 .^ "Candidate List - General Election" (PDF) .Stark County Board of Elections . Archived fromthe original (PDF) on September 6, 2021. RetrievedSeptember 30, 2020 .^ "American Solidarity Party of Ohio" . Facebook. RetrievedSeptember 2, 2020 .^ "Candidate Information" . Texas Secretary of State. RetrievedAugust 29, 2020 .^ "Brian Carroll, ASP for President 2020" . Facebook. RetrievedSeptember 4, 2020 .^ "Write-in candidates for president/vice president" (PDF) .Virginia Department of Elections . RetrievedOctober 29, 2020 .^ Higgins, Chris (January 8, 2021)."Special election scheduled to replace Scott Fitzgerald in State Senate" .Daily Citizen . RetrievedJanuary 11, 2021 . ^ Sexton, Adam (April 6, 2021)."Merrimack Special Election, WMUR News at 6" .YouTube . WMUR. RetrievedApril 8, 2021 . ^ "Dr. James G. Hanink Endorsed for Governor of California" .American Solidarity Party of California . RetrievedAugust 23, 2021 .^ Hanink, James."The Open Door with Jim Hanink and Mario Ramos-Reyes" .The Open Door . WCAT Radio. Archived fromthe original on May 2, 2021. RetrievedMay 13, 2021 . ^ Hanink, James."Membership Information" .American Maritain Association . RetrievedMay 13, 2021 . ^ Spielmann, Cristobal (May 6, 2021)."Former LMU professor runs for governor in recall election" .The Los Angeles Loyolan . RetrievedMay 8, 2021 . ^ "The Narthex" .New Oxford Review . RetrievedMay 13, 2021 .^ "James G Hanink" .Academia . RetrievedAugust 23, 2021 .^ "STATEMENT OF VOTE SUMMARY PAGES September 14, 2021, California Gubernatorial Recall Election" (PDF) .California Secretary of State . September 14, 2021. RetrievedJune 7, 2022 .^ "HANINK FOR GOVERNOR 2022; DR. JAMES G." Cal-Access . RetrievedNovember 20, 2021 .^a b c d "American Solidarity Party of California" .Facebook . RetrievedJune 5, 2022 .^ "United States Senate election in California, 2022" .Ballotpedia . RetrievedJanuary 21, 2023 .^ "California Secretary of State election, 2022" .Ballotpedia . RetrievedJanuary 21, 2023 .^ "California Secretary of State election, 2022" .Ballotpedia . RetrievedJanuary 21, 2023 .^ "Our 2022 Candidates" .Texas Solidarity Party . RetrievedJune 5, 2022 .^ Cassidy, Austin (May 4, 2022)."Jacqueline Abernathy Waging Write-in Bid for Texas Governor, Backed by American Solidarity Party" .Independent Political Report . RetrievedJune 7, 2022 . ^ "Texas gubernatorial election, 2022" .Ballotpedia . RetrievedJanuary 21, 2023 .^ "Dr. Tyler Martin for Governor" .Twitter . RetrievedJune 5, 2022 .^ "OFFICIAL REPORT OF THE NEBRASKA BOARD OF STATE CANVASSERS" (PDF) .Nebraska Secretary of State .^ "Primary 2022" .Washington Secretary of State . RetrievedJune 5, 2022 .^ "Nearly dozen more candidates file for offices including Clark County Sheriff, 3rd District" .The Columbian . RetrievedJune 7, 2022 .^ "Washington's 3rd Congressional District election, 2022" .Ballotpedia . RetrievedJanuary 21, 2023 .^ "Illinois' 1st Congressional District election, 2022" .Ballotpedia . RetrievedJanuary 21, 2023 .^a b "Peter Sonski is the American Solidarity Party 2024 Presidential nominee" .Ballot Access News . June 3, 2023. RetrievedJune 3, 2023 .^ "American Solidarity Party" .Twitter . June 2, 2023.^ Winger, Richard (March 27, 2023)."American Solidarity Party Sets In-Person National Convention" .Ballot Access News . RetrievedApril 2, 2023 . ^ Winger, Richard (July 9, 2021)."American Solidarity Party Gains Presidential Ballot Status for 2024 in Arkansas" .Ballot Access News . RetrievedJuly 12, 2021 . ^ "American Solidarity Party" .American Solidarity Party . October 17, 2024. RetrievedOctober 27, 2024 .^ Schallhorn, Kaitlyn; Bahnsen, Annika; Kang, Hanna; Torres, Destiny (January 21, 2024)."Mark Ruzon, US Senate candidate, 2024 primary election questionnaire" .The Orange County Registrar . RetrievedFebruary 28, 2024 . ^ Frisk, Garrett."California Senate Candidate Roundup: September 22, 2023" .Diamond Eye Candidate Report . RetrievedFebruary 28, 2024 . ^ Baldassare, Mark; Bonner, Dean; Mora, Lauren; Thomas, Deja (December 2023)."PPIC Statewide Survey: Californians and Their Government" (PDF) .Public Policy Institute of California . p. 35. RetrievedFebruary 28, 2024 . ^ "PPIC Statewide Survey: Californians and Their Government" (PDF) .Public Policy Institute of California . February 2024. p. 16. RetrievedFebruary 28, 2024 .^a b "California Primary Election Results" .Election Results . RetrievedApril 2, 2024 .^ Levi, Erskine."Erskine Levi for Congress" .Erskine Levi for Congress, 2024 . RetrievedFebruary 28, 2024 . ^ Merino, Christina (February 24, 2024)."Election 2024: Candidates for 31st Congressional District seat talk housing, climate, war and peace" .San Gabriel Valley Tribune . RetrievedFebruary 28, 2024 . ^ "Candidate Information - ANTON, ERIC K" .Pennsylvania Department of State . RetrievedAugust 3, 2024 .^ Caruso, Stephen."PA auditor general: What to know about the candidates for state's top financial watchdog" .Erie Times-News . RetrievedNovember 6, 2024 . ^ Turner, Ford."Incumbent Pa. auditor general plays up reforms in office while challengers promise even more" .Pittsburgh Post-Gazette . RetrievedNovember 8, 2024 . ^ Caruso, Stephen (September 12, 2024)."A complete guide to candidates for state auditor general" .Chestnut Hill Local . RetrievedNovember 8, 2024 . ^ Stockburger, George (September 16, 2024)."Who's running for Auditor General in Pennsylvania?" .ABC . RetrievedNovember 8, 2024 . ^ "Peter Sonski for President" .Facebook . February 20, 2023. RetrievedJune 3, 2023 .^ "FEC Form 1" .FEC.gov .^ Carroll, Brian (April 2, 2019)."April 5, 2019 Preview" .YouTube . RetrievedApril 15, 2019 . ^ "FEC form" (PDF) .docquery.fec.gov . 2020. RetrievedNovember 8, 2020 .^ "FEC form" (PDF) .docquery.fec.gov . 2016. RetrievedNovember 8, 2020 .^ "Election Summary Report" (PDF) . Alaska Division of Elections.^ "November 3, 2020 2020 General Election and Nonpartisan Judicial Runoff" . RetrievedDecember 1, 2020 .^ [1] , Arkansas Secretary of State.^ elections.cdn.sos.ca.gov , California Secretary of State.^ Statement of Vote , California Secretary of State.^ "Archived copy" . Archived fromthe original on November 14, 2016. RetrievedDecember 27, 2016 .{{cite web }}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link )^ "November 3, 2020 2020 General Election" . RetrievedDecember 9, 2020 .2020 general election candidate list , Colorado Secretary of State, October 2, 2020.^ "2020 Presidential Election" . Connecticut Secretary of State. RetrievedDecember 16, 2020 .^ "Election Results" . State of Delaware – Department of Elections. RetrievedDecember 2, 2020 .General election 11/03/2020, declared write-in candidates by office , Delaware Department of Elections, September 29, 2020.^ "November 3, 2020 General Election" . Florida Department of State. RetrievedDecember 3, 2020 .^ "Candidate Listing for 2024 General Election" .Florida Division of Elections .^ "2016 votes cast for certified write-in candidates" .sos.ga.gov . Archived fromthe original on December 21, 2016. RetrievedDecember 12, 2018 .^ November 3, 2020 Presidential Recount , Georgia Secretary of State.Certified Write-In Candidate Vote Totals, November 3, 2020 General Election , Georgia Secretary of State.^ Election Summary Report, Fulton County, Georgia, General Election Recount, November 03, 2020 , Fulton County, December 12, 2020.^ Summary Results Report , Guam Election Commission.^ Summary Results Report , Guam Election Commission.^ "We have just received official word..." Facebook . RetrievedJanuary 25, 2024 .^ *"Statewide Totals" .sos.idaho.gov . RetrievedDecember 12, 2018 ."Election results" (PDF) .www.co.blaine.id.us . 2016."data" (PDF) .www.boisecounty.us . Archived fromthe original (PDF) on October 27, 2018. RetrievedJanuary 15, 2021 ."Info" (PDF) .evogov.s3.amazonaws.com ."Results" (PDF) .www.co.bonneville.id.us . 2016. Archived fromthe original (PDF) on January 28, 2021. RetrievedJanuary 15, 2021 ."Results" (PDF) .www.canyonco.org . 2016."Data" (PDF) .www.gemcounty.org . Archived fromthe original (PDF) on October 27, 2018. RetrievedJanuary 15, 2021 ."Archived copy" . Archived fromthe original on October 27, 2018. RetrievedOctober 26, 2018 .{{cite web }}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link )"Results, November 2016 General Election - Laserfiche WebLink" . Archived fromthe original on December 15, 2018. RetrievedDecember 12, 2018 . ^ 2020 General Election Results – Statewide , Idaho Secretary of State.^ Sandvoss, Steve, ed. (December 4, 2020).Official Canvass of the 2020 Illinois General Election .Springfield, Illinois : Illinois State Board of Elections. RetrievedJuly 25, 2023 . ^ Indiana Election Results , Indiana Election Division.^ "Candidate List - Abbreviated" (PDF) .Indiana Election Division . RetrievedJune 26, 2024 .^ "Results" (PDF) .www.sos.ks.gov .^ 2020 General Election Official Vote Totals , Kansas Secretary of State.Write-in candidates for president and vice president , Kansas Secretary of State, November 2, 2020.^ "Results" (PDF) .elect.ky.gov .^ 2020 General Election Results , Kentucky Secretary of State.^ "Candidate Filings with the Office of the Secretary of State" .Kentucky Secretary of State . RetrievedSeptember 2, 2024 .^ "Tues Nov 3 2020 Official Results" . Louisiana Secretary of State. RetrievedDecember 2, 2020 .^ "Candidate Inquiry" .Louisiana Secretary of State . RetrievedAugust 30, 2024 .^ "2016 Election Results" . Archived fromthe original on December 28, 2016. RetrievedDecember 27, 2016 .^ Official 2020 Presidential General Election results for President and Vice President of the United States , Maryland State Board of Elections.^ 2020 President General Election , Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.Write-in candidates for president , Elections Division of Massachusetts, October 15, 2020.^ "SOS - 2016 Presidential Election Results" . Archived fromthe original on December 23, 2016. RetrievedDecember 27, 2016 .^ "2020 Michigan Election Results" . The Office of Secretary of State Jocelyn Benson. RetrievedDecember 2, 2020 .^ "State canvassing" (PDF) .www.sos.state.mn.us .^ State of Minnesota Canvassing Report , Minnesota Secretary of State.^ Election Summary Report , Mississippi Secretary of State, December 4, 2020.^ "General Election, November 03, 2020" . Missouri Secretary of State. RetrievedDecember 9, 2020 .^ "Official List" (PDF) . RetrievedDecember 8, 2020 .Title 19 – Elections, 19:20-1 – 19:29-14 , New Jersey Statutes Annotated, New Jersey Department of State.^ Nixon, Rick Astley, 'Ur mom' – 13K NJ voters skipped Biden and Trump and wrote these in instead , NorthJersey.com, November 27, 2020.Countywide Summary Results Report, 2020 Atlantic County General Election, November 3, 2020 , Atlantic County Clerk, November 17, 2020.2020 General Election Official Results , Bergen County Board of Elections, November 20, 2020.November 3, 2020 Summary Report , Burlington County Board of Elections, November 23, 2020.Write-In Report , Camden County Board of Elections.2020 General Election – November 3, 2020 , Cape May County Election Departments.Election Results , Cumberland County Clerk.General Election, November 3, 2020 , Gloucester County.General Election, November 3, 2020 , Hudson County.Election Summary Report, General Election, November 3, 2020 Archived January 21, 2021, at theWayback Machine , Hunterdon County Clerk, November 19, 2020.General Election, November 3, 2020 , Mercer County Clerk.Election Results 2020 , Middlesex County.November 3, 2020 General Election , Monmouth County Clerk.General Election, November 3, 2020 , Morris County Clerk.2020 General Election, November 3, 2020 , Ocean County Clerk.November 3, 2020 Summary Report Archived September 6, 2021, at theWayback Machine , Passaic County Board of Elections, November 20, 2020.Salem General 2020 , Salem County Clerk, November 25, 2020.General Election, November 3, 2020 , Somerset County Clerk.Official Results , Sussex County Clerk, November 21, 2020.General Election, November 3, 2020 , Union County Clerk.Official Results, 2020 General Election Archived January 2, 2021, at theWayback Machine , Warren County Clerk, November 20, 2020.^ "Results" (PDF) .www.elections.ny.gov . 2016. Archived fromthe original (PDF) on January 21, 2021. RetrievedJanuary 15, 2021 .^ 2020 Election Results , New York State Board of Elections.The Election Book , Onodaga Board of Elections, Page 145.Contest Overview Data , Ontario Board of Elections.Final Results of General Election , Suffolk County Board of Elections.^ 2020 General Election , Burgleigh County.Ward County Abstract of Votes , Marisa Haman, Ward County Auditor/Tresurer.^ "Results" .www.sos.state.oh.us . 2016. Archived fromthe original on May 10, 2017. RetrievedJanuary 15, 2021 .^ "2020 Official Election Results" . Frank LaRose, Ohio Secretary of State. RetrievedDecember 2, 2020 .^ "Official General Election Ballot" (PDF) .Ohio Secretary of State . RetrievedAugust 30, 2024 .^ "RI.gov: Election Results" .Ri.gov . RetrievedDecember 12, 2018 ."Rhode Island Releases Write-ins for President from November 2016 Election - Ballot Access News" .Ballot-access.org . January 17, 2017. RetrievedDecember 12, 2018 .^ "Election Results" . State of Rhode Island. RetrievedDecember 2, 2020 .Frequently asked questions , Rhode Island Department of State.^ November 3, 2020 State General , Tennessee Secretary of State.^ "Archived copy" . Archived fromthe original on December 28, 2017. RetrievedDecember 27, 2016 .{{cite web }}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link )^ "Texas Election Results" . RetrievedDecember 2, 2020 .Longoria, Isabel."Harris County, Texas – General and Special Elections – November 3, 2020" . RetrievedDecember 2, 2020 . ^ "Write-in Ballot Certification" (PDF) .Texas Secretary of State . RetrievedSeptember 2, 2024 .^ Statewide Canvass for the November 3, 2020 General Election , State of Utah.^ "2024 Candidate Filings" .vote.utah.gov . RetrievedSeptember 4, 2024 .^ "Vermont Election Night Results" .vtelectionresults.sec.state.vt.us . Archived fromthe original on May 28, 2019. RetrievedDecember 12, 2018 .^ "Election Results" . Vermont Secretary of State. RetrievedDecember 2, 2020 .2020 Vermont presidential candidate information , Vermont Secretary of State.^ "2016 Fall General Election Results - Wisconsin Elections Commission" .elections.wi.gov . November 29, 2016. RetrievedDecember 12, 2018 .^ "WEC Canvass Reporting System" (PDF) . Wisconsin Elections Commission. Archived fromthe original (PDF) on December 12, 2020. RetrievedDecember 3, 2020 .^ "American Solidarity Party of California" .American Solidarity Party . RetrievedSeptember 10, 2025 .^ "American Solidarity Party of Indiana" .American Solidarity Party . RetrievedSeptember 10, 2025 .^ "American Solidarity Party of Ohio" .American Solidarity Party . RetrievedSeptember 10, 2025 .^ "American Solidarity Party of Tennessee" .American Solidarity Party . RetrievedSeptember 10, 2025 .^ "American Solidarity Party of Wisconsin" .American Solidarity Party . RetrievedSeptember 10, 2025 .^ Coulombe, Charles A. (August 13, 2017)."The American Solidarity Party" .YouTube . RetrievedDecember 22, 2018 . ^ @AmSolidarity (November 8, 2020)."We are privileged to announce that @PatrickDeneen has graciously agreed to join our Board of Advisors. In recent ye…" (Tweet ) – viaTwitter . ^ Dreher, Rod (October 16, 2020)."Solidarity? In America?" .The American Conservative . RetrievedOctober 22, 2020 . ^ Dreher, Rod."Rod Dreher" .Twitter . RetrievedOctober 13, 2020 . ^ "Rod Dreher name drops the American Solidarity Party on MSNBC" .YouTube . October 17, 2020. RetrievedOctober 22, 2020 .^ "Former Democratic Congressman Says he Voted for American Solidarity Party Presidential Nominee in 2020 | Ballot Access News" . April 29, 2024. RetrievedApril 29, 2024 .^ Mattingly, Terry (October 7, 2016)."2016 'Lesser of two evils' debates go on and on" .GetReligion . RetrievedDecember 22, 2018 . ^ Mattingly, Terry (January 22, 2019)."News in an age of rage tweets: Who needs to repent, after the Covington Catholic acid storm?" .GetReligion . RetrievedJanuary 25, 2019 . ^ Yancey, George (August 12, 2020)."Throwing Away my Vote" .Shattering Paradigms . Patheos. RetrievedAugust 12, 2020 . ^ Ahmanson, Howard (October 27, 2020)."The American Conservative 2020 Presidential Symposium" .The American Conservative . RetrievedOctober 27, 2020 .
Principles Philosophers Politicians Parties Organisations Documents Related topics
Issues and ideas Advocates Groups Political parties Related
Variants Core principles History Significant figures Significant politicians Major political parties and political organizations