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American Commission to Negotiate Peace

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Delegation to the Paris Peace Conference (1919)

Commissioners and staff of the American Commission to Negotiate Peace in Paris on June 25, 1919 (President Wilson seated at center of front row)

TheAmerican Commission to Negotiate Peace, successor toThe Inquiry, participated in thepeace negotiations at theTreaty of Versailles from January 18 to December 9, 1919.^[1]Frank Lyon Polk headed the commission in late 1919. The peace conference was superseded by theCouncil of Ambassadors (1920–1931), which was organized to deal with various political questions regarding the implementation of provisions of the Treaty, after the end ofWorld War I.^[2] Members of the commission appointed byPresident Woodrow Wilson included:^[3]^[4]

Commissioners Plenipotentiary

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Tasker H. Bliss
Edward M. House, adiplomat,politician andpresidential foreign policy advisor to President Wilson.
Robert Lansing
Henry White

Staff Members

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Leonard Porter Ayres
Bernard Baruch, chief of the Economic Section.
George Louis Beer, colonial historian and chief of the Colonial Division.
William S. Benson, chief of the Naval Section.
Isaiah Bowman
William C. Bullitt, chief of Current Intelligence Division.
Robert Emmett Condon
Norman H. Davis
Clive Day, anAmerican college professor and writer on economics history at theUniversity of California.
Ellis Loring Dresel, chief of Current Diplomatic and Political Correspondence Division.
Allen W. Dulles
John F. Dulles
Stanley Dunbar Embick
Donald Paige Frary, anAmerican college professor withYale University, an expert on International Affairs, and author; served as a secretary toEdward M. House.
Samuel Gompers, chief of the Labor Section.
Ulysses S. Grant III
Cary T. Grayson, aide to President Wilson.
Joseph C. Grew, secretary general.
Leland B. Harrison, diplomatic secretary.
Charles Homer Haskins
Amos Shartle Hershey
Christian A. Herter, assistant to Ambassador White.
Herbert Hoover, chief of the Food Section.
Stanley K. Hornbeck
Manley Ottmer Hudson
Edward N. Hurley, chief of the Shipping Section.
Mark Jefferson
Douglas Wilson Johnson
Francis Joseph Kernan, chief of the Military Section.
Alexander Comstock Kirk, assistant to Secretary of State Lansing.
Harry Shepard Knapp
Thomas W. Lamont
Alexander Legge
Vance C. McCormick, anAmerican politician and prominentbusinessman fromHarrisburg, Pennsylvania.
Luke McNamee
Sidney Edward Mezes, anAmerican philosopher andcollege professor, former president of theCity College of New York.
David Hunter Miller
Fred K. Nielsen
Frank Herman Schofield
James Brown Scott
Charles Seymour, anAmerican college professor atYale University.
James T. Shotwell
Charles Pelot Summerall
Leland L. Summers
Frank W. Taussig
Ralph H. Van Deman
William Linn Westermann, then a professor at theUniversity of Wisconsin, who later taught atCornell andColumbia and became president of theAmerican Historical Association. At the conference, Westermann advised on policy regarding the Near East.
Allyn Abbott Young

References

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^Langbart, David A. (2023)."We should have our own observers of information:' The American Commission to Negotiate Peace looks at Russia, 1919".Intelligence and National Security.38 (5):764–779.doi:10.1080/02684527.2023.2178748.ISSN 0268-4527.S2CID 257321687.
^United States National Archives (2006)."Records of the American Commission to Negotiate Peace". archives.gov/.Archived from the original on 13 December 2006. Retrieved2007-01-04.
^"Descriptions of the Edward M. House Papers and Associated Collections in Manuscripts and Archives". Yale University Library. 2006. Archived fromthe original on December 11, 2006. Retrieved2007-01-04.
^"Composition and Functions of the American Commission to Negotiate Peace, May 1, 1919". Office of the Historian, U.S. Department of State. Retrieved2024-03-18.

External links

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Records of the American Commission to Negotiate Peace in the National Archives

v t e Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920)
League of Nations	Covenant of the League of Nations Members Organisation Minority Treaties Little Treaty of Versailles Mandates
Treaty of Versailles	"War guilt" clause Reparations Reparation Commission Dawes Plan The Hague conference on reparations Young Plan Lausanne Conference Locarno Stresa Front Possible cause of the Second World War First International Opium Convention (The Hague)
Subsequent treaties	Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine Treaty of Trianon
Treaty of Sèvres	Partition of the Ottoman Empire Conference of London (1920) San Remo conference Turkish National Movement Turkish War of Independence Treaty of Lausanne
Other	Big Four American Commission to Negotiate Peace Commission of Responsibilities The Inquiry List of participants
Paintings	A Peace Conference at the Quai d'Orsay The Signing of Peace in the Hall of Mirrors To the Unknown British Soldier in France