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| Type | News service |
|---|---|
| Availability | Active |
| Founded | Islamic State by Baraa Kadek,Abu Muhammad al-Furqan and others |
Launch date | 14 August 2014; 10 years ago (2014-08-14) |
| Language | Arabic andEnglish |
Amaq News Agency (Arabic:وكالة أعماق الإخبارية,romanized: Wakālat Aʻmāq al-Ikhbārīyah) is a news outlet linked to theIslamic State (IS). Amaq is often the "first point of publication for claims of responsibility" for terrorist attacks in Western countries by the Islamic State.[1] In March 2019, Amaq News Agency was designated as a foreign terrorist organization by theUnited States Department of State.[2]
Among the founders of Amaq was Syrian journalist Baraa Kadek, who joined IS in late 2013,[3]Abu Muhammad al-Furqan, and seven others who originally worked for Halab News Network.[4] According toThe New York Times, it has a direct connection with IS, from which it "gets tips".[1] Its name was taken fromAmik Valley inHatay Province, which is mentioned in ahadith as the site of an "apocalyptic victory over non-believers".[5]
Amaq News Agency was first noticed bySITE during theSiege of Kobanî (Syria) in 2014, when its updates were shared among IS fighters.[1] It became more widely known after it began reporting claims of responsibility for terrorist attacks in Western countries, such as the2015 San Bernardino attack, for which IS officially claimed responsibility the next day.[1] An Amaq cameraman shot the first footage of thecapture of Palmyra in 2015.[1]
Amaq launched an officialmobile app in 2015 and has warned against unofficial versions that reportedly have been used tospy on its users.[6] It also uses aTelegram account.[7] It had aWordPress-based blog, but it was removed without explanation in April 2016.[6]
On 12 June 2016, IS claimed responsibility for thePulse nightclub shooting through Amaq, without prior knowledge of the attack.[8] The shooter,Omar Mateen had laterpledged allegiance to IS via aphone call with emergency services.[9]
On 31 May 2017, a Facebook post announced Amaq's founder, Baraa Kadek AKA Rayan Meshaal, had been killed with his daughter by an American airstrike onMayadin.[10] The post was reportedly made by his younger brother.[11]Reuters could not immediately verify this account.[12] On 27 July 2017, the US confirmed that Kadek had been killed by a coalition airstrike near Mayadin between 25 and 27 May 2017.[13]
In June 2017, German police arrested a 23-year-old Syrian man identified only as Mohammed G., accusing him of communicating with the alleged perpetrator of the2016 Malmö Muslim community centre arson in order to report to Amaq.[14][15]
On 21 March 2019, the U.S. Department of State officially deemed Amaq an alias of IS, and thus aForeign Terrorist Organization.[16][17]
On 22 March 2024, theIslamic State – Khorasan Province claimed responsibility for theCrocus City Hall attack through Amaq, U.S. officials confirmed the claim shortly after.[18] A day after the attack, Amaq published a video of the attack, filmed by one of the attackers. It showed the attackers shooting victims and slitting the throat of a victim, while the filming attackerpraises Allah and speaks againstinfidels.[19][20]
Amaq publishes a stream of short news reports, both text and video, on themobile appTelegram. The reports take on the trappings of mainstream journalism, with "Breaking News" headings, andembedded reporters at the scenes of IS battles. The reports try to appear neutral, toning down the jihadist language and sectarian slurs IS uses in its official releases.[1]
Charlie Winter of the Transcultural Conflict and Violence Initiative atGeorgia State University, andRita Katz ofSITE Intelligence Group in Washington say Amaq functions much like the state-owned news agency of IS, though the group does not acknowledge it as such. Katz said it behaves "like a state media".[1] Amaq appears to have been allowed to develop by IS as a way to have a news outlet that is controlled by the group but is somewhat removed from it, giving IS more of the appearance of legitimacy.[1]
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According toRukmini Callimachi inThe New York Times: "Despite a widespread view that the Islamic State opportunistically claims attacks with which it has little genuine connection, its track record—minus a handful of exceptions—suggests a more rigorous protocol. At times, the Islamic State has got details wrong, or inflated casualty figures, but the gist of its claims is typically correct." According to Callimachi, the group considers itself responsible for acts carried out by people who were inspired by its propaganda, as well as acts carried out by its own personnel and in some instances, had claimed attacks before the identities of the killers were known.[14]
Graeme Wood writing inThe Atlantic in October 2017, wrote "The idea that the Islamic State simply scans the news in search of mass killings, then sends out press releases in hope of stealing glory, is false. Amaq may learn details of the attacks from mainstream media ... but its claim of credit typically flows from an Amaq-specific source."[21]
An October 2017 article inThe Hill, points to two false claims made in the summer of 2017, theResorts World Manila attack and a false claim that bombs had been planted atCharles de Gaulle Airport in Paris. Also, a claimed IS connection to the2017 Las Vegas shooting proved to be false.[22]
According to Rita Katz on theSITE Intelligence Group website, calling a terrorist a "soldier of the caliphate (warrior from the caliphate)" in a statement issued by Amaq, was the usual way in which IS indicated that it inspired an attack.[23] Centrally coordinated attacks were usually described as "executed by a detachment belonging to the Islamic State", and were often announced by both Amaq and by IS' central media command.[23]
In November 2019, Belgian police said they had carried out a successfulcyberattack on Amaq, thus leaving IS without an operational communication channel.[24] However, Amaq has since regained online presence, primarily ondark web platforms to make it harder for law enforcement to take them down without physical access to the server hosting the specific platform.[citation needed]