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Alveolar ejective fricative

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Consonantal sound represented by ⟨sʼ⟩ in IPA

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Alveolar ejective fricative

sʼ

IPA number 132 401

Audio sample

Encoding

Entity(decimal) sʼ

Unicode(hex) U+0073 U+02BC

X-SAMPA s_>

Image

Retracted alveolar ejective fricative
s̠ʼ
sᶴʼ
Audio sample
source · help

Analveolar ejective fricative is a type ofconsonantal sound, used in some spokenlanguages. The symbol in theInternational Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨sʼ⟩.

Features of an alveolar ejective fricative:

Itsmanner of articulation issibilant fricative, which means it is generally produced by channeling air flow along agroove in the back of the tongue up to the place of articulation, at which point it is focused against the sharp edge of the nearly clenched teeth, causing high-frequencyturbulence.
Itsplace of articulation isalveolar, which means it is articulated with either the tip or the blade of the tongue at thealveolar ridge, termed respectivelyapical andlaminal.
Itsphonation is un-voiced, which means it is produced without vibrations of the vocal cords.
It is anoral consonant, which means that air is not allowed to escape through the nose.
It is acentral consonant, which means it is produced by directing the airstream along the center of the tongue, rather than to the sides.
Theairstream mechanism isejective (glottalic egressive), which means the air is forced out by pumping theglottis upward.

In many languages, it is allophonic with the affricate [ts'].^[1]

Language		Word	IPA	Meaning	Notes
Adyghe	Shapsug^{[citation needed]}	сӏэ	[sʼa]^ⓘ	'name'	Corresponds to[tsʼ] in other dialects.
Amharic		^{[example needed]}			More frequently realized as an allophone[t͡sʼ]
Ganza^[2]^: 101		[sʼásʼà]		‘fat, thick’
Hausa^[3]		tsutsa	[sʼusʼa]	'worm'	Allophone of/tsʼ/ in some dialects
Keres^{[citation needed]}		s'eeka	[sʼeːkʰa]	'sure'
Lakota^{[citation needed]}		s'a	[sʼa]	'habitually'
Tlingit^[4]		sʼeek	[sʼiːkʰ]^ⓘ	'bear'
Upper Necaxa Totonac^[5]		[ˈsʼa̰ta̰]		'small'
Emberá-Catío^[6]		/sʼokʰo/ [sʼokxo]		'type of water jar'

^Shosted, Ryan K.; Rose, Sharon (2011)."Affricating ejective fricatives: The case of Tigrinya".Journal of the International Phonetic Association.41 (1):41–65.doi:10.1017/S0025100310000319.ISSN 0025-1003.JSTOR 44526590.S2CID 17186877.
^Smolders, Joshua (2016)."A Phonology of Ganza"(pdf).Linguistic Discovery.14 (1):86–144.doi:10.1349/PS1.1537-0852.A.470. Retrieved16 January 2017.
^Jaggar, Philip J. (19 December 2001).Hausa. London Oriental and African Language Library. Vol. 7. John Benjamins.doi:10.1075/loall.7.ISBN 978-90-272-8304-7.
^Maddieson, Ian; Smith, Caroline L.; Bessell, Nicola (2001)."Aspects of the Phonetics of Tlingit".Anthropological Linguistics.43 (2):135–176.ISSN 0003-5483.JSTOR 30028779.
^Beck, David (1 January 2006)."The emergence of ejective fricatives in Upper Necaxa Totonac".University of Alberta Working Papers in Linguistics.
^Mortensen, Charles Arthur (1994).Nasalization in a revision of Embera-Katio phonology (masters thesis). Arlington: MA thesis, University of Texas.

IPA topics

IPA	International Phonetic Association History of the alphabet Extensions for disordered speech (extIPA) Voice Quality Symbols (VoQS) Journal of the IPA (JIPA)
Special topics	Cursive forms Case variants Obsolete and nonstandard symbols Naming conventions Sinological extensions World Orthography IPA chart for English dialects
Encodings	ASCII encodings SAMPA X-SAMPA Usenet ASCII-IPA TIPA Phonetic symbols in Unicode IPA number IPA Braille

Pulmonic consonants

Place →	Labial					Coronal										Dorsal					Laryngeal
Manner ↓	Bilabial		Labiodental		Linguolabial		Dental		Alveolar		Postalveolar		Retroflex		Palatal		Velar		Uvular		Pharyngeal/epiglottal		Glottal
Nasal	m̥	m	ɱ̊	ɱ		n̼	n̪̊	n̪	n̥	n	n̠̊	n̠	ɳ̊	ɳ	ɲ̊	ɲ	ŋ̊	ŋ	ɴ̥	ɴ
Plosive	p	b	p̪	b̪	t̼	d̼	t̪	d̪	t	d			ʈ	ɖ	c	ɟ	k	ɡ	q	ɢ	ʡ		ʔ
Sibilant affricate							t̪s̪	d̪z̪	ts	dz	t̠ʃ	d̠ʒ	tʂ	dʐ	tɕ	dʑ
Non-sibilant affricate	pɸ	bβ	p̪f	b̪v			t̪θ	d̪ð	tɹ̝̊	dɹ̝	t̠ɹ̠̊˔	d̠ɹ̠˔			cç	ɟʝ	kx	ɡɣ	qχ	ɢʁ	ʡʜ	ʡʢ	ʔh
Sibilantfricative							s̪	z̪	s	z	ʃ	ʒ	ʂ	ʐ	ɕ	ʑ
Non-sibilant fricative	ɸ	β	f	v	θ̼	ð̼	θ	ð	θ̠	ð̠	ɹ̠̊˔	ɹ̠˔	ɻ̊˔	ɻ˔	ç	ʝ	x	ɣ	χ	ʁ	ħ	ʕ	h	ɦ
Approximant		β̞		ʋ				ð̞		ɹ		ɹ̠		ɻ		j		ɰ						˷
Tap/flap		ⱱ̟		ⱱ		ɾ̼			ɾ̥	ɾ			ɽ̊	ɽ						ɢ̆		ʡ̮
Trill	ʙ̥	ʙ							r̥	r		r̠	ɽ̊r̥	ɽr					ʀ̥	ʀ	ʜ	ʢ
Lateral affricate									tɬ	dɮ			tꞎ	d𝼅	c𝼆	ɟʎ̝	k𝼄	ɡʟ̝
Lateral fricative							ɬ̪		ɬ	ɮ			ꞎ	𝼅	𝼆	ʎ̝	𝼄	ʟ̝
Lateral approximant								l̪	l̥	l		l̠	ɭ̊	ɭ	ʎ̥	ʎ	ʟ̥	ʟ		ʟ̠
Lateral tap/flap									ɺ̥	ɺ			𝼈̊	𝼈		ʎ̮		ʟ̆

Symbols to the right in a cell arevoiced, to the left arevoiceless.Shaded areas denote articulations judged impossible.

Non-pulmonic consonants

		BL	LD	D	A	PA	RF	P	V	U
Implosive	Voiced	ɓ			ɗ		ᶑ	ʄ	ɠ	ʛ
Implosive	Voiceless	ɓ̥			ɗ̥		ᶑ̊	ʄ̊	ɠ̊	ʛ̥
Ejective	Stop	pʼ			tʼ		ʈʼ	cʼ	kʼ	qʼ
	Affricate		p̪fʼ	t̪θʼ	tsʼ	t̠ʃʼ	tʂʼ	tɕʼ	kxʼ	qχʼ
	Fricative	ɸʼ	fʼ	θʼ	sʼ	ʃʼ	ʂʼ	ɕʼ	xʼ	χʼ
	Lateral affricate				tɬʼ			c𝼆ʼ	k𝼄ʼ	q𝼄ʼ
	Lateral fricative				ɬʼ
Click (top: velar; bottom: uvular)	Tenuis	kʘ qʘ		kǀ qǀ	kǃ qǃ		k𝼊 q𝼊	kǂ qǂ
	Voiced	ɡʘ ɢʘ		ɡǀ ɢǀ	ɡǃ ɢǃ		ɡ𝼊 ɢ𝼊	ɡǂ ɢǂ
	Nasal	ŋʘ ɴʘ		ŋǀ ɴǀ	ŋǃ ɴǃ		ŋ𝼊 ɴ𝼊	ŋǂ ɴǂ	ʞ
	Tenuislateral				kǁ qǁ
	Voiced lateral				ɡǁ ɢǁ
	Nasal lateral				ŋǁ ɴǁ