Altaf Husain (Bengali:আলতাফ হোসেইন,Urdu:الطاف حسين; 26 January 1900 – 25 May 1968) was an educationist, journalist, andPakistan Movement activist. He is noted as one of the pioneers of print journalism in Pakistan and was the founding editor and the firsteditor-in-chief of English-language newspaper,Dawn, which he edited for almost twenty years.^[2]

In addition, he served asIndustry Minister of Pakistan in the administration of PresidentAyub Khan from 1965 until resigning in 1968 for health reasons. He is widely regarded as one of the key activists in the Pakistan Movement and penned several critically important articles in support of the case ofIndian Muslims inBritish Indian Empire. He translatedShikwa and Jawab-e-Shikwa by the poetMuhammad Iqbal from Urdu into rhymed English verse, in 1943.^[3][4]

Altaf Husain was born in Deogaon in Kulaura, Moulvibazar District (formerly Assam, undivided Bengal)British India (nowBangladesh) into a family ofBengali Muslimzamindars, on 26 January 1900. His father was Ahmad Ullah. After receiving his education fromMurari Chand College in Sylhet, Husain moved toCalcutta to attend theUniversity of Calcutta where he studied English language.^[5] He earned a BA in English fromCalcutta University and moved toDhaka. He then attended theDhaka University where he studiedEnglish Literature and subsequently earned an MA inEnglish language from University of Dhaka in 1923.^[5]

Upon his graduation, he joined theKolkata Municipal government where he became Director ofPublic Information from 1942 until 1943. He later proceeded to join the IndianMinistry of Information as press adviser. Although, he worked for theIndian government, he subsequently began to write political articles in the newspaperStatesman, Calcutta penning the fortnightly column "Through the Muslim Eyes" under the pen name,Ain-el-Mulk, which reflected the Muslim point of view.^[5][2]

Shortly thereafter, he left the Indian Ministry of Information and started to write acolumn "Dar-el-Islam" (lit. "Door of Islam") for theStatesman but under the pen name,Shaheed (lit. Martyr). For a brief period of time, he also wrotecolumns for the Calcutta-based newspaperStar of India.^[2] During this time, his incisive writing won recognition and attention fromMuhammad Ali Jinnah (founder of Pakistan) who had contacted him to meet him in hisresidency inMumbai.^[2] Eventually, he was asked to take a position of editor-in-chief of the newspaperDawn, which was founded by Jinnah in 1945.^[2] Earlier, Altaf Husain had first taken over the office in Delhi in 1944 and had begun printingDawn.^[2][5]

As an editor-in-chief ofDawn, he came to public notice and prominence, and was admitted into Jinnah's close circle of advisers. In this capacity, he played a critically important role in the success of thePakistan Movement which led to the creation of a separate homeland for the Muslims of the South Asia.^[2] After theestablishment ofPakistan, he moved his senior staff fromDelhi toKarachi while he continued his editorship ofDawn in Karachi and remained as editor from 1947 to 1965.^[6] His influence as the founding editor of the Dawn, his role in the Pakistan Movement and his extraordinary relationship with Jinnah meant that his was amongst the most influential voices outside the government. While defendingEast Pakistan's rights, he strongly assailed the idea of its separation from Pakistan.^[6] For some time, he joined the faculty of journalism atKarachi University to teach and instruct courses on journalism.

In 1959, his services were recognised by theGovernment of Pakistan and he was conferred with theHilal-e-Pakistan (Crescent of Pakistan) Award, in a public ceremony in 1959.^[2]

In 1965, he was invited by PresidentAyub Khan to join the government, which he surprised many by accepting.^[6][5] Ultimately, he was appointedIndustry Minister of Pakistan and oversaw the rapidindustrialisation as well as the process ofprivatisation in Pakistan. He retained theministry until 1968 when he resigned due to poor health.^[7][6]

Altaf Husain resigned from the Industry ministry 10 days before his death. He died on 25 May 1968 and was buried withstate honours inModel Colonycemetery. The street in Karachi where Dawn was first published is today known asAltaf Husain Road.^[5][6]

Regarded as a model by young writers, he excelled in the role of the crusader. Dawn newspaper remarked eight years after his death:

Altaf Husain was basically a crusader; his chief weapon was his powerful pen. His commitment to the cause of the Muslims of this subcontinent was total; his loyalty to the Pakistan Movement and its great leader unflinching and unshakable. Like every great fighter, he fought bravely and relentlessly. He gave no quarter and asked for none. And like every great editor, he was resented and loved, feared and respected, praised and derided . . . . Altah Husain joined Dawn, Delhi, as editor and plunged himself heart and soul in the titanic struggle for Pakistan. Soon his editorials became the most important exposition of the Muslim League point of view. He wrote with passion, and argued with rare force, clarity and perseverance. Dawn became the focal point of League politics. It had the blessings of the Quaid himself and was managed by no less a person than Liaquat Ali Khan. Altaf Husain fought single-handedly all the great Congress newspapers and cast terror in the Congress camp.

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