Allied Military Government of Occupied Territories | |
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| Type | Military occupation government |
| Currency | Allied Military Currency |
TheAllied Military Government of Occupied Territories (originally abbreviatedAMGOT, laterAMG) was the form of military rule administered byAllied forces during and afterWorld War II within former Axis-held territories they occupied.[1] The first instance of this inter-Allied model of government of occupied territory was manifested inSicily afterOperation Husky in August 1943.[2]
This form of controlled government was implemented in the states ofGermany,Italy,[3]Austria, andJapan, amongst others.
![A franchise stamp issued by the Allied Military Government (AMG) in 1948 to exempt travelers from fees when crossing borders.[4]](/mt/?noimg=&dark=on&url=http%3a%2f%2fen.wikipedia.org%2fwiki%2fFile%3a1948_Allied_Military_Government_franchise_stamp.jpg)
TheUnited States military government in France was a planned government ofliberated France that was to be run by the American Army. Despite support from Roosevelt, this was abandoned in favour of France being run by theProvisional Government of the French Republic led byCharles de Gaulle.
After the German surrender control of German territory was divided amongst the four powers of theSoviet Union, theUnited States, theUnited Kingdom andFrance.
AfterOperation Husky, with the Allied Invasion ofSicily on July 10, 1943, the Allied Military Government of Occupied Territories (AMGOT) was established under major-generalFrancis Rodd, 2nd Baron Rennell (as Chief Civil Affairs Officer, Allied Military Government Italy) and US Army Civil Affairs officer colonelCharles Poletti.
Interviewed by the News Chronicle, Rennell was asked about the controversial decision to retain the services of theCarabinieri and other police and officials who had worked for the Fascist regime, and answered "They are doing an excellent job and deserve to be trusted. Their oath had been to the King, not toMussolini. (...) We do not seek the support of any political group, neither anti-Fascists nor any others. For the time being, all political gatherings are forbidden in Sicily. We are a military administration, we have no mandate to make any political or social reforms".[citation needed]
In February 1944 the AMGOT handed over the administration to theBadoglio Cabinet. It continued to operate as "Allied Military Government" in the occupied Italian territories until the end of the war.
The Allied Military Government of theFree Territory of Trieste was a follow-on from the military government of occupied Italy. The Free Territory of Trieste was created by the 16th UN Security Council Resolution adopted at the 91st meeting by 10 votes to none, with 1 abstention (Australia), 10 January 1947, and established by the signature of the Treaty of Peace with Italy, 10 February 1947, then entered in force from 15 September 1947. The instrument for the provisional regime of the Free Territory of Trieste provides that the allied and associated military forces govern the territory. The historical situation saw the division into two administration areas called Zone A, including the capital Trieste and the Free Port of Trieste (ports areas within the boundaries delineated in 1939) and Zone B comprising the area of the cities ofKoper,Izola,Umag,Buje andNovigrad. Zone A was assigned to the Anglo-Americans and Zone B to the Yugoslavs. Military governments ended when in November 1954 under the provisions of theLondon Memorandum, among the United States, United Kingdom, Italy and Yugoslavia, to become a civil administration. Zone A was assigned to Italy (not yet a member of theUnited Nations) and Zone B was assigned to Yugoslavia.
InKorea theUnited States Army Military Government in Korea governed the southern half of the peninsula from September 8, 1945 to August 15, 1948.
Allied Military Government of Occupied Territories was extended in Sicily as rapidly as the enemy was cleared from a community.
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