| Alfa Romeo Giulia (Type 105) | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Alfa Romeo Giulia Super | |
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | Alfa Romeo |
| Production | 1962–1978 |
| Assembly | Italy:PortelloPlant,Milan (1962–1965) Italy:Arese Plant,Arese (MI) (1965–1978) Portugal:Setúbal (Movauto) South Africa:Rosslyn, Gauteng Rhodesia:Willowvale,Salisbury (Willowvale Motor Industries)[1] |
| Designer | Giuseppe Scarnati |
| Body and chassis | |
| Class | Large family car (D) |
| Body style | 4-doornotchbacksaloon |
| Layout | Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive |
| Related | |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | |
| Transmission | 4-speedmanual (Giulia 1300) 5-speed manual |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 2,510 mm (98.8 in)[2] |
| Length | 4,140 mm (163.0 in)[3] |
| Width | 1,560 mm (61.4 in)[3] |
| Height | 1,430 mm (56.3 in)[3] |
| Kerb weight | 978–1,130 kg (2,156–2,491 lb)[4] |
| Chronology | |
| Predecessor | Alfa Romeo Giulietta (750/101) |
| Successor | Alfa Romeo Giulietta (116) |
Alfa Romeo Giulia (Italian pronunciation:[ˈdʒuːlja]) is the name of three not directly related model (line)s fromItalian carmakerAlfa Romeo. The first were the four-door Type 105 entry-levelcompact executivesports sedans produced from 1962 to 1978; the second are the updated (mainly up-engined) Spider, Sprint, and Sprint SpecialeAlfa Giuliettas, and in 2015, Alfa Romeo revived the Giulia name, again for acompact executive car (type 952).
Alfa Romeo was one of the first mainstream manufacturers to put a powerful engine in a light-weight 1 tonne (2,205 lb) four-door car for mass production.[5] The Type 105 Giulia was equipped with a light alloytwin overhead camshaft four-cylinder engine similar to that of the earlier Giulietta (750/101) range, available in 1.3-litre (1,290 cc) and 1.6-litre (1,570 cc) versions. Various configurations of carburetors and tuning produced power outputs from about 80 to about 110 bhp (55 to 75 kW), coupled in most cases to 5-speed manual transmission.
Giulia sedans were noted for lively handling and impressive acceleration among small European four-door sedans of their era, especially considering modest engine sizes offered. The popular Super version with the twin carburettor 1.6 litre engine had a top speed of 170 km/h (106 mph) and accelerated from 0 to 100 km/h (62 mph) in about 12 seconds, better than many sports cars of the late 1960s and early 1970s.[5] When leaving the factory all variations of the Giulia originally fitted eitherPirelli Cinturato 165HR14 or 155HR15 tyres (CA67).
The styling of thethree-box four-doorsedan was somewhat wanting, with its three main volumes all truly square and boxy, softened only by detailing of the front and bonnet, roofline, and boot. Using awind tunnel during development helped designers to find a remarkably aerodynamic shape with a drag coefficient of Cd=0.34,[6][7] particularly low for a saloon of the era.[8]
The Giulia Spider was succeeded by theAlfa Romeo Spider (105/115) in 1966.
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Note: chassis and engine type numbers displayed in italic for each model are sourced fromFusi 1978, pages 841–848.
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Unveiled on 27 June 1962 at theAutodromo Nazionale Monza, the Alfa Romeo Giulia TI was the very first of the Giulia family of cars to be introduced.[9] Its 1,570 ccAlfa Romeo Twin Cam engine was fitted with a singleSolex 33 PAIA 7 twin-choke down-draftcarburettor, and produced 92DIN-ratedPS (68 kW; 91 hp) or106SAE-rated PS at 6,200 rpm.[9][10] The "TI" nomenclature referred to a class of Italian saloon car racing known as "Turismo Internazionale", and had previously been applied to higher-performance versions of the 1900 andGiulietta saloons in the 1950s. However, for the Giulia saloon, the TI was at first the only version available, and later, with the introduction of the TI Super and Super, the TI became the base version in the 1.6-litre engine class. A distinguishing feature of the original Giulia weredrum brakes on all corners, the front ones of the three-shoe type like on late Giuliettas; four-wheelDunlopdisc brakes and abrake servo were phased in during August 1963, after 22–23 thousand cars had been built.[9][11] The car was marketed as a six-seater, thanks to a standardcolumn-mounted shifter and a splitbench front seat—though Italian car magazineQuattroruote found it rather a comfortable four-seater.[10] Other notable interior features of the early models were mottled cloth and vinyl upholstery, a grey, trapezoid instrument panel including a stripspeedometer, and a black steering wheel with two ivory-coloured spokes and a chrome half horn ring.
In May 1964 a floor shifter became available (chassistipo 105.08), to be ordered solely in conjunction with the newly introduced separate front seats.[11] Around the same time aright hand drive model variant entered production (tipo 105.09), with floor shifter only.In February 1966 several changes were made. The floor shifter became standard; the interior received new seats, a new dashboard with triple round instruments (two large ones and the smaller fuel gauge in the centre) in place of the strip speedometer, and new door cards.[11] From outside these later TIs can be recognized by L-shaped chrome strips around the tail lights which supplanted the previous C-shaped ones.[11]Production of the Giulia TI ceased during 1967; it was replaced by the Giulia 1600 S as the entry-level 1.6-litre model.
The Alfa Romeo Giulia TI Super was a special road-going sports model produced in limited numbers, fitted with a more powerful engine and a number of weight saving components, and intended forracing use. It was introduced to the press at theMonza race track on 24 April 1963.[11][12]In total only 501 were made, 178 in 1963 and 323 1964.[13]On 2 May 1964 the TI Super received internationalFIA and ItalianCSAIhomologation for racing, and was then extensively campaigned in theEuropean Touring Car Challenge.[11]Today the Giulia TI Super is rare and considered very desirable by collectors.[14]
The TI Super's 1,570 cc engine was the same installed on theGiulia Sprint Speciale coupé—though bearing a different type code.[12] It was fitted with two twin-choke horizontalWeber45 DCOE 14 carburettors[15] and, as on the Sprint Speciale, produced 112 DIN-rated PS (82 kW; 110 hp) or129 SAE-rated PS at 6,500 rpm, pushing top speed to over 185 km/h (115 mph).[12]Dry weight was 910 kilograms (2,006 lb) compared to 1,000 kg (2,205 lb) of the standard Giulia TI.[9][12] Parts contributing to the weight reduction were mesh grilles replacing the inner pair of head lamps, bumpers without overriders, fixed front quarter windows,Plexiglas rear windows, andmagnesiumalloy wheels with hubcaps, very similar in appearance to the standard steel wheels of the TI. Braking was bydiscs all around, although the first cars used drums. Cars built from August 1964 used the bodyshell of the TI with mounting points for the brake servo, but were never fitted with one.[11]On the inside both the gear shifter and the handbrake lever were moved to the floor. The TI's instrument cluster with its strip speedometer was replaced by a three-instrument binnacle comprisingspeedometer,tachometer and a multi-gauge instrument (fuel level, water temperature, oil temperature and oil pressure). The steering wheel was a three-spoke aluminium lightweight item with centre horn button. Front racing-type bucket seats andsafety belts were standard, while the heater, door armrests, the grab handle in front of the passenger, the glove box lid, and ashtrays were deleted.Visually the Giulia TI Super was made immediately recognizable by greenquadrifoglios (four-leaf clovers) on thefront wings and tail panel, and "Giulia TI Super" scripts on the engine bonnet and tail. All cars produced were painted white, save for two examples—one red and one grey.[16]
Contrary to popular belief, the Giulias used by the Italian police forces (thePantere of thePolizia di Stato andGazzelle of theCarabinieri) were not tuned TI Supers but rather standard models; early ones were fitted with mesh in place of the inner headlights like the TI Super simply to make the siren mounted behind sound louder. Only two TI Supers were actually owned by the Polizia, and used at the police schools of Nettuno and Cesena.[16]
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The Giulia 1300 marked the Giulia's entry in the then crowded 1.3-litre class, and featured simplified trim and equipment. It was introduced on 11 May 1964 at the Autodromo Nazionale Monza and produced until 1971, in left hand drive only.[17]At first the Giulia 1300 was sold alongside the slightly cheaperGiulietta TI, the last of the outgoing 101-series Giulietta saloons, in its last year of production.In fact the Giulia used a twin cam engine derived from the Giulietta TI's. Equipped with a single Solex 32 PAIA 7 down-draft twin-choke carburettor, this updated 1,290 cc four-cylinder produced 78 DIN-rated PS (57 kW; 77 hp) or89 SAE-rated PS at 6,000 rpm.[17][18] Top speed was 155 km/h (96 mph).[17] A four-speed gearbox with floor change fitted as standard; the 1300 would remain the only Giulia model not fitted with a five-speed gearbox. Braking was by discs all around, without a servo at first, later with a servo.
Visually the 1300 was distinguished by a new grille design housing single instead of twin head lamps, rectangular side repeaters without ornamentation, and all-metal hubcaps.[11] It also did without bumper over-riders, most pieces of exterior chrome trim, and rear back-up lamps.[11] Inside dashboard and steering wheel came from the TI (though the latter was all-black), there were rubber mats instead of carpets, and several convenience features such as the passenger grab handle and rear ashtrays were omitted.[11]In September 1967 the Giulia 1300 was updated, adopting a black mesh grille with three horizontal chrome bars, the vertical louvres at the base of the windshield first seen on the Giulia Super, the second series Giulia TI three round instrument dashboard, and the 1300 ti's three-spoke steering wheel.[11]
Tipo 105.26 was introduced at the 1965Geneva Motor Show. It transferred the technology from the racing TI Super to a road car, to make the most successful Giuliasaloon. 1,570 cc engine with two double-choke Weber 40DCOE carburettors for a milder, but torquier tune than the TI Super - 98 PS (72 kW; 97 hp) at 5500 rpm. Newdashboard with two large round instruments (speedo and tacho) and clock. Sportiersteering wheel with three aluminium spokes and centre horn push, similar to that of the Ti Super, later changed for one with the horn pushes in the spokes. All-around disc brakes with servo were fitted as standard from the outset. The serpent crest of the Sforza family appears in a badge on theC-pillar and is a distinguishing feature of the Supersaloon. For 1968, there was a suspension update, including revised geometry and a rear anti-roll bar. The wheels were changed in size from 5J x 15 to 5J x 14, and tires from 155/15 Pirelli Cinturato to 165/14 Pirelli Cinturato. For 1970, updates included dual-circuit brakes, centre-mountedhandbrake lever to replace under-dash "umbrella handle", larger externaldoor handles, and top-hinged pedals (the latter in left hand drive models only; right hand drive continued with bottom-hinged pedals to the end of production). In 1972, Tipo 105.26 was rationalised into the Giulia 1.3 - Giulia 1.6 range (see below).
| Version | Years of production |
|---|---|
| Giulia 1600 TI | 1962–1967 |
| Giulia 1600 TI Super | 1963–1964 |
| Giulia 1300 | 1964–1971 |
| Giulia Super | 1965–1972 |
| Giulia 1300 ti | 1966–1972 |
| Giulia 1300 Super | 1970–1972 |
| Giulia 1600 S | 1968–1970 |
| Giulia Super 1.3 | 1972–1974 |
| Giulia Super 1.6 | 1972–1974 |
| Giulia Nuova Super 1.3 | 1974–1977 |
| Giulia Nuova Super 1.6 | 1974–1977 |
| Giulia Nuova Super Diesel | 1976–1977 |
Tipo 105.39 was built from 1965 to 1972. Right hand drive model replaced in 1970 by the 1300 Super (see below). It mounted a 1,290 cc engine with single down-draft carburettor for 82 PS (60 kW; 81 hp) at 6000 rpm. Unlike the re-deployed 101-series Giulietta engine of the austerity-model 1300, the 1300 ti motor was a 105 series engine, basically that of the sportier GT1300 Junior coupe with different camshaft timing (but the same camshafts) and induction system. Other features were the five-speed gearbox, a three-spoke bakelite steering wheel with plastic horn push covering the centre and spokes, and the dashboard initially with strip speedo like that of the TI. For 1968, updates included a dashboard based on that of the Super, but with a simpler instrument binnacle, still featuring two large round instruments (speedo and tacho) and a separate fuel gauge, and the same suspension, wheel and tire updates applied to the Giulia Super in the same year. 1970 updates included dual-circuit brakes, centre handbrake, larger external doorhandles and top-hinged pedals (on left hand drive cars only), again as applied to the Super for that year.
Tipo 105.85 was basically a Giulia TI re-introduced in 1968 as a lower-level model to come between the 1300 and 1300 ti on one hand, and the Super on the other. It had a re-interpretation of the 1,570 cc single-carburettor engine for 95 PS (70 kW; 94 hp) at 5500 rpm and similar trim to the 1300 ti. Replaced in 1970 by the 1300 Super (see below) which offered similar performance in a lower tax bracket. The last cars from 1970 featured the top-hinged pedals, centre handbrake and dual-circuit brakes as for the Super and 1300 ti.
Tipo 115.09 was introduced in 1970. It was basically a 1300 ti fitted with the engine from the GT 1300 Junior coupe that featured two double-choke horizontal carburettors; the engine actually had the GT 1300 Junior type number. This model was rationalised into the Giulia Super 1.3 - Giulia Super 1.6 range in 1972.
In 1972 a rationalisation of the Giulia range saw the Super 1300 (Tipo 115.09) and the Super (Tipo 105.26) re-released as the Super 1.3 and Super 1.6. The two models featured the same equipment, interior and exterior trim, differing only in engine size (1,290 cc and 1,570 cc) and final drive ratio. The 1300 ti was dropped. A small Alfa Romeo badge on the C-pillar is a distinguishing feature, as are hubcaps with exposed wheel nuts.
In December 1972, Alfa-Romeo South Africa released the 1600 Rallye. This locally developed more powerful 1600 cc version of the 1300 Super, using the 1300s single-headlight body shell. The car was largely ready for competition and was only planned to be built in limited numbers, and was fitted with racing-style rear-view mirrors, rally lamps, fully adjustable seats, and a limited-slip differential.[19] Claimed power was 125 hp (93 kW; 127 PS) SAE.[19]
The Giulia Super range was re-released in 1974 as the Nuova Super range, including the Giulia Nuova Super 1300 and 1600 This and featured a new black plastic front grille and a flat boot (trunk) lid without the characteristic centre spine. Otherwise the cars differed little from their Giulia Super predecessors and bore the same Tipo numbers with an S suffix. Production ceased in 1977.
Introduced in June 1976,[20] the Giulia Nuova Super Diesel became the first everdiesel engined Alfa Romeo passenger car.[21] It was fitted with anaturally aspiratedPerkins type4.108 1,760 ccfour cylinder,[20][21] the same engine used on theAlfa Romeo F12 van. With an output of 55 SAE-rated PS (40 kW; 54 hp) at 4,000 rpm and a 138 km/h (86 mph) top speed, the diesel version was the slowest of all Giulias.[20] In total 6,537 examples were made up to 1977.[20] The diesels were not quite in line with Alfa Romeo's sporting image, but Alfa's president stated that Italy's fiscal legislation so favoured diesels that the company was simply forced to offer such an option.[22]
Unless noted otherwise,DIN rated horsepower and torque is given.
| Model | Years | Engine | Compr. ratio | Fuel system | Power | Torque | Top speed |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Giulia 1300 | 1964–71 | 1,290 ccTwin Cam | 8.5:1 | 1x twincarb. | 78 PS (57 kW; 77 hp)at 6,000 rpm | 102 N⋅m (75 lb⋅ft)at 4,700 rpm[18] | 155 km/h (96 mph) |
| Giulia 1300 ti | 1966–72 | 9.0:1 | 1x twincarb. | 82 PS (60 kW; 81 hp)at 6,000 rpm | 104 N⋅m (77 lb⋅ft)at 4,900 rpm[24] | 160 km/h (99 mph) | |
| Giulia 1300 Super | 1970–72 | 9.0:1 | 2x twincarbs. | 89 PS (65 kW; 88 hp)at 6,000 rpm | 140 N⋅m* (103 lb⋅ft)at 3,200 rpm[25] | 165 km/h (103 mph) | |
| Giulia Super 1.3 | 1972–74 | ||||||
| Giulia Nuova Super 1300 | 1974–77 | ||||||
| Giulia TI | 1962–67 | 1,570 ccTwin Cam | 9.0:1 | 1x twincarb. | 92 PS (68 kW; 91 hp)at 6,200 rpm | 130 N⋅m (96 lb⋅ft)at 4,000 rpm[10] | 165 km/h (103 mph) |
| Giulia TI Super | 1963–64 | 9.7:1 | 2x twincarbs. | 112 PS (82 kW; 110 hp)at 6,500 rpm | n/a | 185 km/h (115 mph) | |
| Giulia 1600 S | 1969–70 | 9.0:1 | 1x twincarb. | 95 PS (70 kW; 94 hp)at 5,500 rpm | n/a | 170 km/h (106 mph) | |
| Giulia Super | 1965–69 | 9.0:1 | 2x twincarbs. | 98 PS (72 kW; 97 hp)at 5,500 rpm | 136 N⋅m (100 lb⋅ft)at 3,000 rpm[26] | 175 km/h (109 mph) | |
| 1969–72 | 9.0:1 | 2x twincarbs. | 102 PS (75 kW; 101 hp)at 5,500 rpm | 162 N⋅m* (119 lb⋅ft)at 2,900 rpm[27] | 175 km/h (109 mph) | ||
| Giulia Super 1.6 | 1972–74 | ||||||
| Giulia Nuova Super 1600 | 1974–77 | ||||||
| Giulia Nuova Super Diesel | 1976–77 | 1,760 ccPerkins4.108diesel | 22:1 | Injection pump | 55 PS* (40 kW; 54 hp)at 4,000 rpm | 101 N·m* (74 lb⋅ft)at 2,200 rpm | 138 km/h (86 mph) |
The Spider, Sprint and Sprint Speciale Giulias introduced together with the Giulia sedan in 1962 were rebadged and updated versions of earlierGiulietta models (series 101), now with a 92 CV (68 kW; 91 hp) 1.6 litre instead of a 1.3 litre engine. Easiest to distinguish from a Giulietta is the Spider (tipo 101.23), which featured a bonnet bulge to clear the slightly taller engine. The Giulia Sprint 1600 (tipo 101.12) arrived in June 1962. The Sprint coupé was also available for a short time with the 1.3 litre engine as the Sprint 1300 - essentially a Giulietta Sprint with a different name. This version carries a small "1300" script on the lower bootlid, while Giulia 1600 Sprints have a "1600" badge just behind the rear wheel. Most models were discontinued in 1964, although the Sprint Speciale continued until 1966. The Spider was complemented by a Spider Veloce in 1964 (tipo 101.18), using the engine seen in theGiulia Sprint Speciale andGiulia TI Super, producing 112 CV (82 kW; 110 hp). The Giulia Spider continued to be available until the mid-1966 introduction of theSpider 1600 Duetto.
In 1963 the Alfa Romeo Giulia Sprint GT (tipo 105) was first shown. This coupé (and rare convertible sister, theGiulia GTC) proceeded to be developed through numerous series with engines from 1.3 up to 2 liters. Production ended in 1976. There was also a range of competition models called theGTA as well as a Zagato-bodied iteration called theJunior Z.
TheGiulia (952)compact executive car was unveiled on 24 June 2015 at theMuseo Storico Alfa Romeo in Arese. The all-new model is the first product of the company's revival plan, which will see the brand return to a rear wheel drive platform[28] with the option of all wheel drive. The new model was shown in the high-performance "Quadrifoglio" specification.
Following the success of the Giulia, Alfa Romeo unveiled theStelvio - Alfa Romeo's first ever SUV - at the 2016 Los Angeles Auto Show. Production started at the Cassino Plant end of 2016, attaining top-Alfa sales by 2018.
The Giulia Quadrifoglio has been highly praised by the motoring press when compared against its nearest rivals, including the highly specified later generations ofBMW M3, it has gone on to be voted "Best Super Saloon" 4 years running deposing BMW of the prime position between 2016 and 2020 (UK - Autocar Magazine)
