Russian physicist (born 1945)
Alexey Ekimov orAleksey Yekimov[ 1] (Russian :Алексей Екимов ; born 1945) is a Russian[ 2] solid state physicist and a pioneer innanomaterials research. He discovered thesemiconductor nanocrystals known asquantum dots in 1981, while working at theVavilov State Optical Institute .[ 3] [ 4] [ 5] Nobel Prize in Chemistry for this discovery.
Early years and education [ edit ] Ekimov was born inLeningrad ,Soviet Union in 1945.[ 1] Leningrad State University . He went on to receive his PhD in physics at theIoffe Institute of theRussian Academy of Sciences in 1974.
Research and career [ edit ] After graduation, Ekimov moved to theVavilov State Optical Institute to conduct research.[ 5] semiconductor -activated glasses, known asSchott glasses , and developing theories to explain their color.[ 6] copper chloride crystals formed, as revealed byX-rays ,[ 6] [ 7] [ 7]
In 1981, Ekimov, along with Alexei A. Onushchenko, reported the discovery ofquantum size effects incopper chloride nanocrystals in glass,[ 8] [ 9] [ 10] [ 11] quantum dots . During his time at the institute he further investigated these system and developed the theory ofquantum confinement withAlexander Efros .[ 6] [ 12] [ 13] [ 14]
Since 1999, Ekimov has been living and working in the United States as a scientist for Nanocrystals Technology, a company based inNew York State .[ 15] [ 16]
Ekimov was awarded the1975 USSR State Prize in Science and Engineering for work onelectron spin orientation in semiconductors.[ 5] R. W. Wood Prize of theOptical Society of America for "discovery of nanocrystal quantum dots and pioneering studies of their electronic and optical properties" shared withAlexander Efros andLouis E. Brus .[ 17]
Ekimov, Brus andMoungi Bawendi were the recipients of the 2023Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for the discovery and synthesis of quantum dots".[ 16] [ 1]
Selected publications [ edit ] Ekimov, A. I.; Onushchenko, A. A. (30 September 1981)."[Quantum size effect in three-dimensional microscopic semiconductor crystals]" .Zhurnal Eksperimentalnoi I Teoreticheskoi Fiziki (in Russian).34 :363– 366.Bibcode :1981ZhPmR..34..363E . Ekimov, A. I.; Onushchenko, A. A. (1982)."Quantum size effect in three-dimensional microscopic semiconductor crystals" (PDF) .Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics Letters (JETP Lett.) .34 :345– 349. Ekimov, A. I.; Efros, Al. L.; Onushchenko, A. A. (1 December 1985)."Quantum size effect in semiconductor microcrystals" .Solid State Communications .56 (11):921– 924.Bibcode :1985SSCom..56..921E .doi :10.1016/S0038-1098(85)80025-9 ISSN 0038-1098 . Ekimov, A. I.; Hache, F.; Schanne-Klein, M. C.; Ricard, D.; Flytzanis, C.; Kudryavtsev, I. A.; Yazeva, T. V.; Rodina, A. V.; Efros, Al L. (1 January 1993)."Absorption and intensity-dependent photoluminescence measurements on CdSe quantum dots: assignment of the first electronic transitions" JOSA B .10 (1):100– 107.Bibcode :1993JOSAB..10..100E .doi :10.1364/JOSAB.10.000100 .ISSN 1520-8540 . ^a b c "They planted an important seed for nanotechnology" (Press release). The Nobel Prize. 4 October 2023.^ Edwards, Christian; Hunt, Katie; Upright, Ed (4 October 2023)."Nobel Prize awarded for discovery of quantum dots that changed everything from TV displays to cancer imaging" . CNN. ^ Екимов А.И., Онущенко А.А. (1981)."Квантовый размерный эффект в трехмерных микрокристаллах полупроводников" (PDF) .Письма в ЖЭТФ .34 :363– 366. Archived fromthe original (PDF) on 16 December 2014. Retrieved26 March 2015 . ^ "Russian-Born Quantum Dot Pioneer Ekimov Wins Nobel Prize in Chemistry" .The Moscow Times . 4 October 2023. Retrieved6 October 2023 .^a b c "Alexei Ekimov | Biography, Nobel Prize, Quantum Dots, & Facts | Britannica" .www.britannica.com . 9 October 2023. Retrieved11 October 2023 .^a b c Robinson, Julia."The quantum dot story" .Chemistry World . Retrieved20 October 2023 . ^a b Bubola, Emma; Miller, Katrina (4 October 2023)."Nobel Prize in Chemistry Awarded to 3 Scientists for Exploring the Nanoworld" .The New York Times . ^ Sanderson, Katharine; Castelvecchi, Davide (4 October 2023)."Tiny 'quantum dot' particles win chemistry Nobel" Nature .622 (7982):227– 228.Bibcode :2023Natur.622..227S .doi :10.1038/d41586-023-03048-9 .PMID 37794149 . ^ Gramling, Carolyn (4 October 2023)."The development of quantum dots wins the 2023 Nobel prize in chemistry" .Science News . ^ Clery, Daniel; Kean, Sam (4 October 2023)."Creators of quantum dots, used in TV displays and cell studies, win chemistry Nobel" .Science . ^ Ekimov, A. I.; Onushchenko, A. A. (1 September 1981)."Quantum size effect in three-dimensional microscopic semiconductor crystals" .Soviet Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics Letters .34 : 345.Bibcode :1981JETPL..34..345E .ISSN 0021-3640 . ^ Efros, Alexander L.; Brus, Louis E. (27 April 2021)."Nanocrystal Quantum Dots: From Discovery to Modern Development" ACS Nano .15 (4):6192– 6210.Bibcode :2021ACSNa..15.6192E .doi :10.1021/acsnano.1c01399 .ISSN 1936-0851 .PMID 33830732 . ^ Ekimov, A. I.; Onushchenko, A. A.; Plyukhin, A. G.; Efros, Al. L. (1 April 1985)."Size quantization of excitons and determination of the parameters of their energy spectrum in CuCl" .Soviet Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics .61 (4): 891.Bibcode :1985JETP...61..891E .ISSN 1063-7761 . ^ Efros, Al. L.; Rosen, M. (2000)."The Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals" Annual Review of Materials Science .30 (1):475– 521.Bibcode :2000AnRMS..30..475E .doi :10.1146/annurev.matsci.30.1.475 .ISSN 0084-6600 . ^ Devlin, Hannah (4 October 2023)."Scientists share Nobel prize in chemistry for quantum dots discovery" .The Guardian .ISSN 0261-3077 . Retrieved6 October 2023 . ^a b Bubola, Emma; Miller, Katrina (4 October 2023)."Nobel Prize in Chemistry Awarded to 3 Scientists for Work With Quantum Dots" .The New York Times . Retrieved4 October 2023 . ^ "Twenty attain 2006 top honors from the OSA" .Laser Focus World . 30 August 2006.
1901–1925 1926–1950 1951–1975 1976–2000 2001–present
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