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Alberta New Democratic Party
Abbreviation	Alberta NDP
Leader	Naheed Nenshi
President	Nancy Janovicek
Deputy Leader	Rakhi Pancholi[1]
Founded	1 August 1932; 93 years ago (1932-08-01) (asAlberta CCF)
Headquarters	10544 114 Street NW Suite 201 Edmonton,Alberta T5H 3J7
Youth wing	New Democratic Youth of Alberta
Membership(2024)	85,227[2]
Ideology	Social democracy
Political position	Centre-left toleft-wing[3]
National affiliation	New Democratic Party
Colours	Orange
Seats inLegislature	38 / 87
Website
Official website
Politics of Alberta Political parties Elections

TheAlberta New Democratic Party (Alberta NDP;French:Nouveau Parti démocratique de l'Alberta), is asocial democraticpolitical party in Alberta, Canada. The party sits on thecentre-left^[4] toleft-wing^[3] of thepolitical spectrum and is the provincial Alberta affiliate of the federalNew Democratic Party.

The successor to the Alberta section of theCo-operative Commonwealth Federation and the even earlier Alberta wing of theCanadian Labour Party and theUnited Farmers of Alberta. From the mid-1980s to 2004, the party abbreviated its name as the "New Democrats" (ND).

The party served asOfficial Opposition in theLegislative Assembly of Alberta from 1982 to 1993. It was shut out of the legislature following the1993 election, returning in the1997 election with two seats. The party won no more than four seats in subsequent elections until the2015 election, in which it won 54 of the 87 seats in the legislature and formed amajority government. Until 2015, Alberta had been the only province in western Canada—the party's birthplace—where the NDP had never governed at the provincial level. The Alberta NDP was defeated after a single term in the2019 election by theUnited Conservative Party—the first time that a governing party in Alberta had been unseated after a single term.

53°32′56″N113°31′05″W / 53.5488°N 113.5181°W /53.5488; -113.5181

TheCo-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) was founded in Calgary on 1 August 1932. However, it faced challenges in Alberta due to lack of support from the governing United Farmers of Alberta party and the Labour Party. While some UFA Members of Parliament supported the CCF and ran unsuccessfully as CCF candidates in the 1935 federal election, most UFA leaders and members were ambivalent. The CCF did not run candidates in the1935 provincial election due to its ties with the UFA and Labour Party. The UFA lost all its seats in the election, and CCF candidates associated with the UFA were defeated due to the unpopularity of the UFA government and the rising popularity of William Aberhart's Social Credit movement.^[5]

In 1936,William Irvine, a CCF founder and defeated UFAMember of Parliament, was elected the Alberta CCF's first president.^[6] In 1937, the UFA decided to leave electoral politics entirely and, in 1938, the CCF committed itself to run candidates in the next provincial and elections setting up local riding clubs for that purpose.^[6] In 1939, former UFA/CCF MLAChester Ronning became the Alberta CCF's first leader in the1940 provincial election but despite winning 11% of the vote the party did not win any seats in the Alberta Legislature - the CCF had not garnered the support of the UFA's conservative supporters or put a dent in support for theagrarianpopulism of theSocial Credit Party of Alberta.^[6][7]

The Alberta wing of theLabour Party federated with the CCF in 1935, but ran its own candidates in the 1935 and 1940 provincial elections. In 1942, the Alberta CCF clubs formally merged with the Labour Party andElmer Roper became the new leader after achieving an unexpected victory in a 1942by-election, becoming the party's first Alberta MLA (excepting Chester Ronning, who had been elected in 1932 as a joint UFA/CCF candidate).^[7] In the next two years party membership soared from 2,500 to over 12,000.^[5]

In the1944 election, the CCF received 24% of the vote but won only 2 seats, both of them in Edmonton and Calgary where the use ofsingle transferable vote ensured fair representation. (The disproportionality was due to the way boundaries of the constituencies outside the cities were drawn and the use ofInstant-runoff voting outside the cities, which did not help a lesser party like the CCF.) The Social Credit government received more than half of ballots cast. Roper was joined in the legislature byAylmer Liesemer, a Calgary schoolteacher.^[5] The rise of support for the CCF after 1942 mobilized the business community to pull out of efforts to build an anti-Social Credit party and instead back the Social Credit government, now led byErnest Manning, after William Aberhart's death in 1943, as a bulwark against socialists.^[5] Unlike theSaskatchewan CCF, which won office in the1944 Saskatchewan election on a platform calling for social programs, the Alberta CCF was more radical and campaigned on provincial ownership of the province's resources and utilities. Irvine also advocated an alliance with thecommunistLabor-Progressive Party which would have been beneficial in the cities where thesingle transferable vote electoral system was used.^[5]

Through the 1940s and 1950s, the CCF's vote percentage declined, eventually falling under 10 percent. At any one time, the party never won more than two seats. The party was kept to two MLAs throughout the 1950s. Roper lost his seat in the1955 election. In the same election,Stanley Ruzycki andNick Dushenski were elected. Roper was succeeded as party leader byFloyd Albin Johnson.^[8] The1959 general election was a disaster for the CCF, losing both its existing seats. Party leader Johnson, running in the Dunvegan electoral district, failed to win his seat, leaving the party shut out of the legislature.^[8]

The CCF merged with theCanadian Labour Congress in 1961, becoming theNew Democratic Party of Canada. In Alberta, the NDP was founded in 1962 with a new leader,Neil Reimer, Canadian director of theOil Workers International Union. The NDP did not, at first, build much on the CCF's popularity, and, with the exception of a 1966 by-election victory byGarth Turcott, did not win any seats until the1971 election whenGrant Notley, who had taken over the party in 1968, was elected to the legislature.^[9]

With the cancellation of single transferable voting in Edmonton in 1956, the NDP did not win a seat in Edmonton until 1982. (This is in strong contrast to the steady winning of one seat in Edmonton in each election, from the 1926 introduction of STV in Edmonton to 1952. The pattern in Calgary is similar. Although not successful in getting a seat in that city every election under STV, it was not until 1986 that a CCF or NDP MLA was elected in Calgary, following STV's cessation in 1956.)^[10]

The election of theProgressive Conservatives in 1971 led to the gradual collapse of Social Credit. TheAlberta Liberal Party suffered in the late 1970s and early 1980s due to its association with the unpopular federal Liberal Party government of Prime MinisterPierre Trudeau.

The decline of Social Credit and the unpopularity of the Liberals allowed the New Democrats to become the main opposition to the Lougheed-led Conservatives. UnderGrant Notley’s leadership from 1968 to 1984, the NDP's popularity gradually increased.^[9] It grew from 10% in the 1971 election to 19% in the 1982 election. Despite winning only two seats, the party became the Official Opposition in 1982.

In the1986 election, underRay Martin's leadership, the party won 30% of the vote and 16 seats, marking a high point for New Democrat support. Party membership increased from around 5,000 in the 1970s to 20,000 after the1986 provincial election.^[5] However, the New Democrats were unable to gain additional seats in the 1989 election. While they remained the Official Opposition in the legislature, their popular support fell behind the Liberals for the first time in decades, with the Liberals at 28% and the NDs at 26%.

In the1993 election, their popular vote fell by more than half to 11%, and they were shut out of the legislature altogether. This was mainly due to the anti-PC vote consolidating around the Liberals. Both the Liberals and Tories were preaching the need forfiscal conservatism at the time. Ray Martin resigned as leader and was succeeded first byRoss Harvey and then byPam Barrett.^[9] The party regained its presence in the legislature by winning two seats in the1997 election. Barrett resigned her position as party leader in 2000 after claiming anear-death experience in adentist's chair.^[12] She was succeeded byRaj Pannu. The party retained its two seats in the2001 election.^[9]

In 2004, the party reverted to the traditional "NDP" abbreviation and the colour orange. That same year Raj Panu resigned as leader and was replaced byBrian Mason. In the2004 Alberta general election the party doubled its seats from two to four—which re-elected then leader Brian Mason and Raj Pannu, returning former leader Ray Martin, and newcomerDavid Eggen. The party received 10% of the vote province-wide.

In the2008 election, the party was reduced to two seats. Brian Mason was re-elected as was newcomerRachel Notley.Ray Martin andDavid Eggen were narrowly defeated. The party received 8.5% of the popular vote.^[13]

At its 2008 provincial convention, the party overwhelmingly rejected a proposal by the Environment Caucus recommending a party task force be mandated to "investigate a variety of options for political cooperation with the Alberta Liberals and/or Greens." and "to prepare a motion to be considered" at the next Party Convention.^[14]The proposal was opposed by NDP leader Brian Mason.^[15]

Alberta Federation of Labour PresidentGil McGowan independently distributed a proposal for a cooperation pact with theAlberta Liberal Party andAlberta Greens to defeat Progressive Conservative candidates. The proposal, titled "The Way Forward: An AFL proposal for a united alternative to the Conservatives," suggested that the parties not compete against each other in certain ridings. Although McGowan was unable to speak on the issue before the resolution was defeated, he later addressed it during his report to the Convention as AFL President. He urged members to acknowledge the need for significant change in light of 40 years of Tory government and the recent election results.

In the2012 provincial election the NDP picked up two seats in Edmonton, regaining their previous 4 seat total. Both Rachel Notley and Brian Mason safely held onto their seats while David Eggen was re-elected as the member forEdmonton-Calder. NewcomerDeron Bilous was also elected inEdmonton-Beverly-Clareview, the seat formerly held by Martin. In many other ridings the party also won more votes than it had attained previously.^[16]

On 29 April 2014, Brian Mason announced that he would step down as leader as soon as aleadership election could be held to choose his successor.^[17] The leadership convention was held inEdmonton from 18-19 October 2014. Rachel Notley was elected as the party's next leader, defeating fellow MLA David Eggen and union leaderRod Loyola in the first ballot with 70% of the vote.^[18]

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The incumbent PC premierJim Prentice called an election on 7 April 2015, following the reveal of a new budget to strengthen his party's mandate.^[19] On election night, the NDP won 54 seats, re-electing all four of their incumbents as well as 50 new members to the legislative assembly.^[20] The NDP had high expectations forEdmonton, given Notley's local ties and the city's historically favourable stance towards centre-left parties. Surpassing all projections, the party won every seat in the capital and also sweptRed Deer andLethbridge. They also secured 15 seats inCalgary, the long-standing stronghold of the Tories, and gained 16 more seats across the rest of Alberta, mostly in the northern and central regions.^[20]

The Notley Government was characterized by a small cabinet and an intense focus on the economy.^[21] At the time of the early election call Alberta was sinking into a deep recession caused by the collapse of world oil prices.^[22] As a result of the province's dependence on oil royalties over more traditional revenue sources, Alberta's deficit soared. After reversing prior budget cuts, Notley mostly shied away from major wealth redistribution and preferred to stimulate the economy through infrastructure spending and maintaining public services.^[23] Most new programs, such as school lunches, were introduced cautiously through pilot programs.^[24] Despite ostensibly being a party of labour, the NDP froze wages and generally took the side of management in labour disputes, and a higher minimum wage was phased in relatively slowly.^[25][26] Labour code changes were generally incremental, though an update to labour standards on farms was extremely divisive in rural Alberta.^[27][28] However, Notley moved forwards with acarbon pricing scheme and plans for sustainability and energy transitions early in her term. Controversially such plans were framed around creating a social license for pursuing oil sand expansion, and she championed the creation of pipelines and partnered heavily with the oil industry.^[29] As a result plans to raise oil royalties were scrapped, and tax increases on corporations and higher income brackets were modest.^[30] Eventually this led to a schism between the NDP governments of Alberta and British Columbia over the twinning of the Transmountain Pipeline, which remained a contentious project in the Canadian political arena and particularly within the federal New Democratic Party.^[31] While the Alberta economy recovered from the depths of the energy recession by 2019, the oil industry remained relatively stagnant and economic growth had been nowhere near what Alberta had enjoyed in the previous decade.^[32]

The NDP was dealt a severe blow when the PCs and Wildrose merged to form theUnited Conservative Party, which immediately ascended to a large lead in opinion polling.^[33]

In the2019 election, the NDP suffered a significant defeat to the UCP. Despite receiving more votes compared to the previous election, the NDP lost a majority of their seats, ending with only 24 seats. The party performed well in Edmonton but struggled in the rest of the province, winning only a few seats in Calgary, the Edmonton suburbs, and Lethbridge. This was the first time in Alberta's history that an incumbent government has been defeated after one term. Rachel Notley remained popular within the NDP and continued as the Leader of the Opposition, leading the largest opposition caucus in Alberta since 1993.^[34]

In the2023 election, the NDP received a record high popular vote for the party with 44%, dominating Edmonton and gaining a significant portion of the vote in Calgary. However, their success was largely limited to urban areas as they only won one rural seatBanff-Kananaskis. With 38 MLAs, the party elected the largest official opposition in Alberta history.^[35]

On 16 January 2024, Notley announced she would be resigning as party leader effective thenext leadership election, scheduled for 22 June 2024.^[35] Former Calgary mayorNaheed Nenshi emerged victorious, winning with 86% of the vote, the largest for any winner of a provincial leadership election of any major political party in Canada.^[36]

On 3 May 2025, the Alberta NDP voted to end automatic joint membership with the federal NDP, giving provincial members the option to opt out of federal membership. The move had been proposed by Nenshi during his leadership campaign.^[37]

• denotes acting or interim leader

Election	Leader	Votes	%	Seats	+/−	Position	Status
1940	Chester Ronning	34,316	11.1	0 / 57		5th	No seats
1944	Elmer Ernest Roper	70,307	24.2	2 / 60	2	3rd	Third party
1948		56,387	19.1	2 / 57		2nd	Opposition
1952		41,929	14.0	2 / 60		3rd	Third party
1955		31,180	8.2	2 / 61		4th	Fourth party
1959	Floyd Albin Johnson	17,899	4.3	0 / 65	2	5th	No seats
1963	Neil Reimer	37,133	9.5	0 / 63		4th	No seats
1967		79,610	16.0	0 / 65		4th	No seats
1971	Grant Notley	73,038	11.4	1 / 75	1	3rd	No status
1975		76,360	12.9	1 / 75		3rd	No status
1979		111,984	15.8	1 / 79		3rd	No status
1982		177,166	18.7	2 / 79	1	2nd	Opposition
1986	Ray Martin	208,561	29.2	16 / 83	14	2nd	Opposition
1989		217,972	26.3	16 / 83		2nd	Opposition
1993		108,883	11.0	0 / 83	16	3rd	No seats
1997	Pam Barrett	83,292	8.8	2 / 83	2	3rd	No status[a]
2001	Raj Pannu	81,339	8.0	2 / 83		3rd	No status[a]
2004	Brian Mason	90,897	10.2	4 / 83	2	3rd	Third party
2008		80,578	8.5	2 / 83	2	3rd	No status[a]
2012		127,074	9.9	4 / 87	2	4th	Fourth party
2015	Rachel Notley	603,461	40.6	54 / 87	50	1st	Majority
2019		619,147	32.7	24 / 87	30	2nd	Opposition
2023		777,397	44.0	38 / 87	14	2nd	Opposition

• List of articles about Alberta CCF/NDP members
• List of Alberta general elections
• List of Alberta political parties
• Alberta New Democratic Party leadership elections
• Alberta New Democratic Party candidates in the 2012 Alberta provincial election

• Alberta NDP
• The Socialist Party - CCF/NDP in Alberta
• The Rise and Fall of the Labour Party in Alberta, 1917-42

• Alberta New Democratic Party
• Organizations based in Edmonton
• Political parties established in 1932
• Provincial political parties in Alberta
• Social democratic parties in Canada
• 1932 establishments in Alberta
• Socialism in Alberta

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