Ajuda | |
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 _(cropped).JPG)   _(cropped).jpg) Clockwise:Ajuda National Palace; Ajuda Botanical Garden; streets of Ajuda; Botanical Garden;Igreja da Memória. | |
 Coat of arms | |
_localiza%25C3%25A7%25C3%25A3o.svg) | |
| Coordinates:38°42′22″N9°11′56″W / 38.706°N 9.199°W /38.706; -9.199 | |
| Country |  Portugal |
| Region | Lisbon |
| Metropolitan area | Lisbon |
| District | Lisbon |
| Municipality | Lisbon |
| Area | |
• Total | 2.88 km2 (1.11 sq mi) |
| Population (2011) | |
• Total | 15,617 |
| • Density | 5,420/km2 (14,000/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+00:00 (WET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+01:00 (WEST) |
| Postal code | 1300 |
| Area code | 213 |
| Patron | Nossa Senhora da Ajuda |
| Website | www |
Ajuda (European Portuguese pronunciation:[ɐˈʒuðɐ]) is afreguesia (civil parish) and district ofLisbon, the capital ofPortugal.[1] Ajuda is located in western Lisbon, northeast ofBelém and west ofAlcântara. The population in 2011 was 15,617.[2]
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The parish of Ajuda, situated between the beach area ofBelém and the foothills of theMonsanto was a place that was not conditioned for agriculture. A legend tells of a shepherd experienced anapparition of theVirgin Mary while passing the area. News of the event spread rapidly, and the area was visited by the faithful, many of whom settled there around a chapel built at the site of the vision. The small sanctuary was eventually replaced by a church, and the number of pilgrims grew to include members of the upper class and high nobility, who attended religious services.QueenCatherine of Austria, the consort of KingJohn III of Portugal, eventually visited and prayed at the church, influencing members of the nobility to build residences in the area.
Ajuda became an ecclesiastical parish in 1551.
During the1755 Lisbon earthquake, Ajuda did not escape the destruction, losing many of the buildings constructed over the centuries. This included the Convento de Nossa Senhora da Boa Hora (English:Convent of Our Lady of the Good Hour), which was later reconstructed by the Augustine monks in 1756. The royal family too had to abandon thePalácio da Ribeira (English:Ribeira Palace), and began living, along the court, in theQuinta de Cima in Ajuda, initially in wooden buildings, locally called theReal Barraca (English:Royal Lodge).
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The level of insecurity after the earthquake and tsunami forced many to install themselves in Ajuda; the population grew from 1059 inhabitants to 4748 residents. The village consisted of five separate agglomerations clustered around the roadways: Calçada da Ajuda (alongside Alcântara); Travessa da Estopa; Calçada de Nossa Senhora da Ajuda; Rua das Mercês and Rua da Paz.
In 1762, Ajuda became a part of the municipality of Lisbon and dropped pretenses of a suburban locality. The parish was an agglomeration of houses, manors, quarries, earthen stoves and windmills. In 1768, theMarquis of Pombal, as part of his reconstruction initiatives, built the Botanical Gardens in the area of Horta da Quinta de Cima. It was also around that time, between 1766 and 1787, thatPina Manique had constructed the Ajuda Cemetery, where many of the royal servants were buried. TheReal Barraca was subsequently replaced by a grande palace, theAjuda National Palace; the construction began in 1795, but its construction was interrupted by theFrench invasion of Portugal and subsequentescape of the royal family to the colony of Brazil, but completed in the middle of the 19th century. It would become the official residence of KingCarlos I.
Between 1852 and 1885 Ajuda became integrated into the municipality of Belém, but was re-inserted by the end of the 19th century.
Since the late part of the 20th century, the population has decreased, due to the exodus to the suburbs and periphery of the city.
Freguesias (Civil Parishes) ofLisbon | ||
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