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Air China

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Flag carrier of the People's Republic of China
This article is about the flag carrier of the People's Republic of China. For the flag carrier of the Republic of China (Taiwan), seeChina Airlines.

Air China
中国国际航空公司
Air ChinaBoeing 747-8
IATAICAOCall sign
CACCAAIR CHINA
Founded1 July 1988; 37 years ago (1988-07-01)
Hubs
Secondary hubs
Focus cities
Frequent-flyer programPhoenixMiles
AllianceStar Alliance
Subsidiaries
Fleet size527
Destinations214[2]
Parent company
Traded as
HeadquartersBeijing Tianzhu Airport Industrial Zone,Shunyi District,Beijing, China
Key people
RevenueIncreaseCN¥166.70 billion (2024)[1]
Operating incomeIncreaseCN¥−1.60 billion (2024)[1]
Net incomeIncreaseCN¥2.22 billion (2024)[1]
Total assetsIncreaseCN¥345.75 billion (2024)[1]
Total equityIncreaseCN¥45.13 billion (2024)[1]
Employees65,000 (2023)
Websiteairchina.com
Air China Limited
Simplified Chinese中国国际航空股份公司
Traditional Chinese中國國際航空股份公司
Literal meaningChina International Airlines, Company Limited by Shares
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinZhōngguó guójì hángkōng gǔfèn gōngsī
Alternative Chinese name
Simplified Chinese中国国际航空公司
Traditional Chinese中國國際航空公司
Literal meaningChina International Airlines Company
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinZhōngguó guójì hángkōng gōngsī
Air China
Simplified Chinese国航
Traditional Chinese國航
Literal meaningNational Airline
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinGuóháng

Air China, officiallyAir China Limited, (中国国际航空公司,Zhōngguó guójì hángkōng gōngsī) is a major Chinese airline and theflag carrier of thePeople's Republic of China. It is headquartered inShunyi,Beijing. The airline offers both domestic and international flights to different destinations around China and the world.

The airline was established in 1988 after the former Chinese flag carrierCAAC was split into six airlines, one of them being Air China; it later merged with several of the successor airlines. Air China is now one of the largest airlines in China. It is 53.46% owned by the state-ownedChina National Aviation Holding.

Air China's hub airports are inBeijing andChengdu. In 2017, the airline carried 102 million domestic and international passengers with an averageload factor of 81%.[3] The airline joinedStar Alliance in 2007.

History

[edit]

Early years

[edit]
Air ChinaBoeing 747SP atZürich Airport in 1992

Air China was established and commenced operations on 1 July 1988 as a result of the Chinese government's decision in late 1987 to split the operating divisions ofCivil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC) into six separate airlines: Air China,China Eastern,China Southern,China Northern,China Southwest, andChina Northwest.[4][5] Air China was assigned primary responsibility for intercontinental flights and took over CAAC's long-haul aircraft (Boeing 707s,747s, and767s) and routes.

In January 2001, the former CAAC's six airlines agreed on a merger plan,[6] according to which Air China was to acquireChina Southwest Airlines. Before this acquisition, Air China was the country's fourth largest domestic airline. The merger created a group with assets of 56 billion yuan (US$8.63 billion) and a fleet of 118 aircraft.[7] In October 2002, Air China consolidated with theChina National Aviation Holding andChina Southwest Airlines.[8]

On 15 December 2004, Air China was successfully listed on theHong Kong andLondon Stock Exchanges.[9][10] In 2006, Air China signed an agreement to join theStar Alliance. It became a member of the alliance on 12 December 2007 alongsideShanghai Airlines.[11]

In July 2009, Air China acquired $19.3 million of shares from its troubled subsidiaryAir Macau, lifting its stake in the carrier from 51% to 81%.[12] One month later, Air China spent HK$6.3 billion (US$813 million) to raise its stake inCathay Pacific from 17.5% to 30%, expanding its presence in Hong Kong.[13]

Development since 2010

[edit]

In April 2010, Air China completed the increase of shareholdings inShenzhen Airlines and became the controlling shareholder of Shenzhen Airlines, allowing Air China to further enhance its position inBeijing,Chengdu, andShanghai, as well as achieve a more balanced domestic network.[14]

On 2 December 2010, Air China received Spain's highest tourism industry award, the "Plaque for Tourist Merit." Air China was the first foreign airline to receive the award, which is given to organisations and individuals contributing to the Spanish tourism industry.[15]

On 23 December 2010, Air China became the first Chinese airline to offer combined tickets that include domestic flights and shuttle bus services to nearby cities. The first combined flight-shuttle bus ticket connectedTianjin via shuttle bus with domestic flights passing through Beijing.[16]

Air China began offering free Wi-Fi internet service on board its aircraft on 15 November 2011, making it the first Chinese carrier to offer this service.[17] However the service is not allowed on smartphones, but only on tablets and laptops.[18]

In 2012, after pressure fromPETA, Air China stated that it would no longer transport monkeys to laboratories. PETA welcomed the airline's announcement.[19]

On 3 July 2013, in time for the company's 25th anniversary, Air China successfully testedWireless LAN in flight. It was the first global satellite internet flight inMainland China.[20]

In early 2015, it was announced that the airline had selected the Boeing 737 Next Generation and 737 MAX for its fleet renewal programme of 60 aircraft. The deal, with a value of over $6 billion at current list prices, has yet to be finalised.[21]

On 15 October 2025, Air China's regional subsidiary,Air China Inner Mongolia, was re-integrated, becoming a branch of the national carrier.[22]

Corporate affairs

[edit]
See also:China National Aviation Holding § Business trends
Air China HQ building
Current uniform of Air China (2003–present), designed by Olivier Lapidus, son ofTed Lapidus

The entity Air China Limited was registered in 2003, and its shares began trading inHong Kong andLondon on 15 December 2004. Originally, the airline corporate entity was Air China International, which was founded in 2002. Air China International incorporatedChina Southwest Airlines and the air transportation services of theChina National Aviation Corporation, becoming a new entity.[23]

The Air China HQ Building (国航总部大楼;國航總部大樓;Guó Háng Zǒngbù Dàlóu), the corporate headquarters, is located in Zone A of the Tianzhu Airport Industrial Zone (天竺空港工业区;天竺空港工業區;Tiānzhú Kōng Gǎng Gōngyèqū) inShunyi District,Beijing.[23][24][25] The companyregistered office is on the ninth floor of the Blue Sky Mansion (蓝天大厦;藍天大廈;Lántiān Dàshà), also in Zone A of the Tianzhu Airport Industrial Zone.[26]

Ownership structure

[edit]
[27]OwnerPercentage of shares held
1Aviation Corporation of China40.53
2Cathay Pacific16.26
3Hong Kong Securities Clearing Company10.43
4Aviation Corporation of China9.61
5China Securities Finance Corporation1.92
6Aviation Fuel Group of China1.47
7Hong Kong Securities Clearing Company0.97
8China State-owned Enterprises Structural Adjustment Fund0.41
9China Basic Pension Fund0.36
10China Merchants Anhua Bond Fund0.31

Branding and livery

[edit]

The enterprise logo of Air China consists of an artisticFenghuang pattern designed by artist Han Meilin.[28] The phoenix logo is also the artistic transfiguration of the word "VIP". The Chinese text for the name of the airline is written in calligraphy by former national leaderDeng Xiaoping. The English name "AIR CHINA" is also present. Air China is a member of theStar Alliance.

History of Air China liveries
ABoeing 747-200 in the original CAAC livery after the split ofCAAC Airlines.
ABoeing 767-200ER in the second generation livery with the introduction of the phoenix-styled livery.
ABoeing 777-300ER in the current livery used onBoeing aircraft, in which the phoenix logo was enlarged and straightened.
AnAirbus A350-900 in the current livery used onAirbus aircraft. The Chinese name has a smaller size than in the livery used on Boeing aircraft.
AnAirbus A330-300 in the current livery used on Taiwan routes. ThePRC flag is removed due to theTaiwan issue.

Destinations

[edit]
Main article:List of Air China destinations
Countries served by Air China.
  Mainland China
  Destinations
  Seasonal
  Future
  Terminated

Air China's route network extends throughoutAsia to theMiddle East,Western Europe, andNorth America from its hubs atBeijing Capital International Airport andChengdu Tianfu International Airport.[29] It also currently reaches a significant number of Asian, Australian and European destinations fromShanghai. Some international routes operate fromChengdu,Chongqing,Dalian,Hangzhou,Kunming andShenzhen. It is one of the few world airlines that fly to all six habitable continents.

On 10 December 2006, Air China began serving its firstSouth American destination,São Paulo-Guarulhos (viaMadrid-Barajas). This is the airline's longest direct flight.[30] The service was initiated with aBoeing 767-300ER, but due to increased demand, the service's aircraft has been modernized to anAirbus A330-200, and later to aBoeing 787-9.

In summer 2011, Air China introduced the new Airbus A330-300 on long-haul services, starting withDüsseldorf, Germany. The aircraft featured the same two-class layout as the Airbus A330-200, but the economy cabin lacked seat-back entertainment, except in the first two rows, which also offered extra legroom. Düsseldorf became the third German destination in Air China's network. The airline launched a new Beijing-Milan-Malpensa service on 15 June 2011, complementing the airline's existing service to Milan from Shanghai.

Deliveries of the carrier's 19 newBoeing 777-300ERs commenced in mid 2011, with the aircraft forming the new "backbone of its future long-haul operations." The new Boeing 777-300ERs replaced theBoeing 747-400s on routes to U.S. destinations such asLos Angeles,New York, andSan Francisco, but was expected to first enter service on flights to Paris from March 2012. The Boeing 777-300ER began to replace most 747 services once sufficient numbers entered the fleet.[31] Air China expanded its operations in India with a Beijing-Mumbai route in September 2011, while the existing Delhi route was upgraded to the A330.[32] The airline also launched service to Mumbai from Chengdu on 2 May 2012.[33] The airline began using the Boeing 777-300ER on one of its two daily Beijing-Los Angeles flights on 1 June 2012.[34] From late 2012 to early 2013, the airline replaced the Boeing 747-400s servicing the New York and San Francisco routes with the Boeing 777-300ER.[35] With the addition of the Boeing 777-300ERs on the US routes, Air China increased frequency on the Beijing-New York route, changing the flights from 7 to 11 flights a week by adding two new flights to the route (CA989/990).[36] On 21 January 2014, the airline launched its service to Hawaii with flights from Beijing to Honolulu, the first nonstop flights between the two cities.[37] The airline also increased the frequency of service on the Beijing-Houston Intercontinental route from four times weekly to daily service from 30 March 2014.[38] Beginning 10 June 2014, Air China introduced new nonstop service from Beijing toWashington-Dulles, operated by aBoeing 777-300ER.[39] As of 29 September 2015, Air China also introduced a three times weekly flight toMontréal–Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport in a codeshare with Air Canada.[40] The Montreal flight was extended toHavana from 27 December 2015.

Air China started its direct flights to Johannesburg, South Africa from 29 October 2015.[41]

Codeshare agreements

[edit]

Sister airlines

[edit]

Air Chinacodeshares with the following sister airlines:[42]

Partner airlines

[edit]

Air Chinacodeshares with the following partner airlines:[42]

Interline agreements

[edit]

Air China hasinterline agreements with the following airlines:

Fleet

[edit]

Current fleet

[edit]
Air ChinaAirbus A320-200 in 2014
Air ChinaAirbus A330-200 in 2011
Air ChinaAirbus A350-900 in 2019
Air ChinaBoeing 737-800 in 2011
Air ChinaBoeing 747-400 in 2009
Air ChinaBoeing 777-300ER in 2014
Air ChinaBoeing 787-9 in 2016
Air ChinaComac C909 in 2023
Air ChinaComac C919-100ER in 2024

As of November 2025[update], Air China operates the following aircraft:[61][62][63]

Air China fleet
AircraftIn serviceOrdersPassengersNotes
FJY+YTotal
Airbus A319-10022——8—120128
Airbus A319neo64
Airbus A320-20038——8—150158
Airbus A320neo53—
Airbus A321-20061——16—161177
12173185
Airbus A321neo3644—12—182194
186198
Airbus A330-20015——30—207237
18247265
12271283
Airbus A330-30028——3016255301
3620311
Airbus A350-90030——3224256312[64]Has two different Business Class seats.[65]
Boeing 737-70015——8—120128
Boeing 737-80095——8—159167
168176
12147159
Boeing 737 MAX 831——8—168176
Boeing 747-4002—1042—292344
Boeing 747-8I7—125466233365[66]B-2479 and B-2481 used for VIP transport.
Boeing 777-300ER28—842—261311
—36356392[67]
Boeing 787-914——3034229293[68]
Comac C90935————9090[69]
Comac C919-100ER699—8—150158Deliveries from August 2024 until 2031.[70][71][72]
Air China Business Jets fleet
Boeing BBJ11—VIPOperated by Beijing Airlines.
Boeing BBJ23—VIP
Dassault Falcon 7X1—VIP
Total527147

Former fleet

[edit]
Air ChinaAirbus A340-300 in 2006
Air ChinaBoeing 757-200 in 2013
Air ChinaBoeing 767-300ER in 2012
Air ChinaBAe 146-100 in 1995
Air ChinaLockheed L-100 Hercules in 1999
Air ChinaXian Y-7 in 1995
Air China retired fleet
AircraftTotalIntroducedRetiredNotesRef
Airbus A340-300619972014[73]
Antonov An-12UnknownUnknownUnknown[74]
BAe 146-100419882008[74]
Boeing 707-320619881993[74]
Boeing 737-200419881995Disposed to Air Great Wall.[74]
Boeing 737-3004419882014[75]
Boeing 737-600620032009[74]
Boeing 747-200M319882000Converted into freighters and transferred toAir China Cargo.[74]
Boeing 747-400M419892013[74]
3Converted into freighters and transferred toAir China Cargo.
Boeing 747SP419882000[74]
Boeing 757-200920032013Converted into freighters and disposed toSF Airlines.[76]
4Converted into freighters and transferred toAir China Cargo.
Boeing 767-200ER519882009[74]
Boeing 767-300419932012[77]
Boeing 767-300ER520032012[77]
Boeing 777-2001019982018[78]
Gulfstream IV1UnknownUnknownUsed for VIP flights.[74]
Hawker Siddeley Trident519881991[79]
Learjet 45120042007Used for VIP flights.[74]
Lockheed L-100 HerculesUnknownUnknownUnknown[74]
Xian Y-7319881996[74]

Services

[edit]

Cabin

[edit]
Forbidden Pavilion
Forbidden Pavillion on aBoeing 747-400

Forbidden Pavilion is Air China'sfirst class, and is offered on allBoeing 747-400,Boeing 747-8 and someBoeing 777-300ER.[80][81]

The Forbidden Pavillion on the Boeing 777-300ER and 747-8 is Air China's latest flagship product, featuring Zodiac Aerospace Venus suites featuring a row pitch of 82-83 inches, and a seat width of 23 inches. The seat also features 23 inch AVODs and also has Universal AC and USB-A sockets available.[citation needed]

Forbidden Pavillion on the 747-400 has 80-inch (203 cm) seat pitch, swiveling seat power, and fully flat bed recline. First Class on the 747-400 is one of two classes that sports AVOD screens. It is namedForbidden Pavilion due to its place in the cabin.

Capital Pavilion

Capital Pavilion is Air China'sbusiness class, and is offered on all Air China aircraft, excluding theComac C909-700.[80]

On Air China's narrow-body fleet, business class seats are recliners arranged in an 2-2 configuration.[80]

Capital Pavillion on an Air ChinaBoeing 777-300ER. Similar seats are used on Air China's Boeing 747-8s and 787s.

On theBoeing 747-8,Boeing 777-300ER andBoeing 787, the Capital Pavillion would be located at the front of the cabin in a 2-2-2 configuration. They feature Collins Parallel Diamond seats, which can convert into a 6'-4" lie-flat bed. The seats have a width of 21 inches, and also feature a 15-16 inch touchscreen along with Universal AC and USB-A sockets.[citation needed] On the Boeing 747s, Capital Pavillion is located in the nose of the aircraft and the Upper Deck, with a painted collage of theSummer Palace, which symbolizes good luck in China. On theBoeing 747-400, the seats have partial recline, with a touch-screen function and remote function IFE screen on the back of seats and also located in the armrests. It was located in a 2-2-2 configuration at the back, with 2-2 rows continuing to the front and on the Upper Deck. These seats feature seat-back AVOD screens.

The Capital Pavillion on theAirbus A330 would be located in a small area at the front of the cabin. On newer A330s, they feature Zodiac Aura Lite, which consists of rectangle-like seats, with two reading lights located between seats in a 2-2-2 configuration and seat-back screens would be provided. These seats provide full recline and can convert into a 6'-4" lie-flat bed. The seats also have a row pitch of 79 inches, a seat width of 21 inches, and also features a 15 inch touch screen display, as well as Universal AC and USB-A sockets.[citation needed] On older A330s, the screens would be smaller and there would be no storage space between screens, and a recline of 165 degrees.[citation needed]

TheAirbus A350 feature Air China's latest product. On older A350s, the seats feature areverse herringboneCollins Aerospace Super-Diamond seat arrangement at the front of the cabin in 8 1-2-1 configurated rows. The seats would be full flat reclinable, along with a shoulder belt for safety. There are no mid-overhead bins, allowing the cabin to look and feel bigger. There would also be aisle access to all seats, and 18-inch HD IFE screens.[citation needed] On newer Airbus A350s, the cabin features Recaro CL6720 seats arranged in a 1-2-1 configuration. The seats can convert to a 6'-4" lie-flat bed, and has a seat width of 21 inches. Each seat features a 18 inch HD touch screen display and Universal AC and USB-A sockets.[citation needed]

Premium Economy Class
Air China Premium Economy on anAirbus A350-900

Premium economy is offered on all of Air China'sAirbus A330-300,Airbus A350-900,Boeing 747-8 andBoeing 787-9.[80]The Premium Economy class on the A350-900 is the newest product, with extra recline, a seat pitch of 38.5-39 inches and a seat width of 18.5 inches, in a 2-4-2 configuration. Premium Economy on A330-300s, 747-8s and 787-9s have a seat pitch of 36-38 inches and a width of 17.1-18 inches. In older A330s, these seats also featured AVOD screens and headrests, which the Economy Class did not.[80]

Economy Class
Economy class cabin on anAirbus A350-900.

Economy class is offered on all Air China aircraft. IFE with AVOD functionality is available onBoeing 777-300ER,Boeing 787-9,Airbus A350-900,Boeing 747 and newerAirbus A330 aircraft with different screen sizes and different systems fromPanasonic andThales. Universal power port and USB availability is different upon aircraft. Seats typically have a seat pitch of 31 inches, and a width of 17-18 inches, depending on aircraft. On Airbus A330s, economy class is in a 2-4-2 configuration, whilst on Airbus A350s and Boeing 787s, a 3-3-3 configuration is present. Boeing 747s and 777s have a 3-4-3 configuration. All narrowbody jets are configured in a 3-3 configuration except for the Comac ARJ21s, which have a 3-2 configuration.[80]

PhoenixMiles

[edit]

PhoenixMiles (Chinese:凤凰知音;pinyin:feng huang zhī yīn, literally "Phoenix Partner"), is thefrequent flyer program of Air China and itssubsidiaryAir China Inner Mongolia,Air Macau, Beijing Airlines,Dalian Airlines,Kunming Airlines,Shandong Airlines andShenzhen Airlines. This is the first frequent flyer program launched in mainland China. It was designed to reward frequent flyers traveling internationally and domestically with Air China and its partner airlines.[82]

Cargo

[edit]
Main article:Air China Cargo

Air China Cargo, is a subsidiary of Air China, that focuses on freight delivery and does not transport passengers. It operates routes across Asia, Europe and North America with its fleet ofAirbus A330-200/P2F,Boeing 747-400F andBoeing 777F.

Accidents and incidents

[edit]

Controversies and passenger incidents

[edit]

Wings of China incident

[edit]

Air China'sinflight magazineWings of China faced accusations of racism when they stated "London is generally a safe place to travel, however precautions are needed when entering areas mainly populated by Indians, Pakistanis, and black people." in their September 2016 issue.[87][88] On 8 September 2016, Air China issued an apology.[89] Air China Media, which publishes theWings of China magazine, said it wished to apologise to "readers and passengers who are feeling uncomfortable".[90] It added: "This invariably inappropriate description... was purely a work mistake by the editors and it's not the magazine's views... We will immediately recall this entire issue of magazines and draw lessons from this incident."[91][92]

Use of Russian airspace

[edit]

Due to the war in Ukraine and sanctions against Russia, European carriers have ceased to use Russian airspace, significantly increasing the length, and therefore cost, of their flights to and from China. Air China continues to operate flights to and from Russia and this strategy has bolstered its dominance in the China–Europe market, but brought accusations of unfair competition.[93][94][95]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
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