Shaykh Ahmad al-Rifāʽī | |
|---|---|
| Title | Qutb al-Ghawth, Sajid al-Alam, Qutb al-Sham, Sultan al-Awliya |
| Personal life | |
| Born | 512AH, (1119CE) |
| Died | 578AH, (1183CE) |
| Resting place | Umm Obayd,Wasit,Iraq,Abbasid Caliphate |
| Parents |
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| Era | Islamic Golden Age, (Later Abbasid Era) |
| Region | Lower Iraq Marshlands |
| Main interest(s) | Sufism |
| Notable work(s) | Al-Burhan Al-Mu’ayyad, (The Advocated Proof) |
| Occupation | Imam |
| Religious life | |
| Religion | Islam |
| Denomination | Sunni |
| School | Shafi'i |
| Tariqa | Rifaʽi (founder) |
| Creed | Ash'ari |
| Muslim leader | |
| Arabic name | |
| Personal (Ism) | Ahmad al-Kabīr al-Rifāʽī |
| Patronymic (Nasab) | Ibn Ali ibn Yahya ibn Thabit ibn Ali ibn Ahmad al-Murtada ibn Ali ibn Hasan al-Asghar ibn Mahdi ibn Muhammad ibn Hasan al-Qasim ibn Husayn ibn Ahmad al-Salih al-Akbar ibn Musa al-Thani ibnIbrahim al-Murtada ibnMusa al-Kazim ibnJa'far al-Sadiq ibnMuhammad al-Baqir ibnAli Zayn al-Abidin ibnHusayn ibnAli ibnAbi Talib |
| Teknonymic (Kunya) | Abu al-Abbas, Abul-Alamin, Abul-Arja'a |
| Epithet (Laqab) | Muhyi al-Din, Sehadetname |
| Toponymic (Nisba) | al-Rifāʽī |
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Aḥmad ibn ʽAlī al-Rifāʽī (Arabic:أَحْمَد ابْن عَلِي ٱلرِّفَاعِي) was aSunniMuslim preacher,ascetic,mystic,jurist, andtheologian, known for being theeponymous founder of theRifaʽitariqa (Sufi order) ofIslam.[1][2] TheRifaʽi order had its greatest following until it was overtaken by theQadiri order. TheRifaʽi order is most commonly found in theArabMiddle East but also inTurkey, theBalkans andSouth Asia.
His tomb and shrine is located at a mosque bearing his namesake inAl-Rifai, a town at southernIraq nearBaghdad.
Shaykh Ahmad al-Rifāʽī was born in the Hasen Region ofWasit,Iraq, during the first half of Rajab of the lunar months. When he was seven years old, his father Sayyid Sultan Ali al-Batahi died inBaghdad. After that, his uncle Shaykh Mansur al-Rabbani al-Batahi took him under his protection and educated him.
Shaykh Ahmad al-Rifāʽī was a HusayniSayyid and his lineage is recorded as follows: He is Ahmad bin Ali, bin Yahya, bin Thabit, bin Ali, bin Ahmad al-Murtada, bin Ali, bin Hasan al-Asghar, bin Mahdi, bin Muhammad, bin Hasan al-Qasim, bin Husayn, bin Ahmad al-Salih al-Akbar, bin Musa al-Thani, binIbrahim al-Murtada, binMusa al-Kazim, binJa'far al-Sadiq, binMuhammad al-Baqir, binAli Zayn al-Abidin, binHusayn, binAli bin Abi Talib andFatimah al-Zahra, the daughter ofMuhammad.
He learned theQuran from Shaykh Abd al-Sami al-Hurbuni in Hasen, his birthplace. He committed to memorising the whole of the Quran at the age of seven. During the same year, after the death of his father, his uncle Mansur al-Batahi transferred him and his family toDikla region. There, his uncle sent him to Abu al-Fadl Ali al-Wasiti who was an expert in the canon law of Islam, a commentator on the Quran and a preacher.
While attendingdhikr meetings of his uncle Shaykh Mansur al-Rabbani, he also attended the courses of his other uncle Shaykh Abu Bakr who was a major scientific figure at the time. He memorised the book “Tanbih” concerningFiqh (Muslim canonical jurisprudence) of ImamAl-Shafi'i which belongs to Shaykh al-Islam Imam Abu Ishaq Ibrahim ibn Ali al-Shirazi. He also wrote an explanation about such a book (however this explanation was lost during theMongol invasions).
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