West Virginia was created as a result of theAmerican Civil War, with Western Virginians forming a new state afterVirginia seceded from theUnion. Despite the efforts of individuals likeBooker T. Washington, West Virginia did not become a significant haven for slaves and free Blacks. The state's initial constitution included provisions for the gradual elimination of slavery, but it was not until the ratification of the13th Amendment in 1865 that slavery was completely abolished in West Virginia. The constitutional convention of 1872 in the state guaranteed voting rights, but also introduced a segregationist clause that enforcedracial segregation in schools, leading to a society marked by racial stratification and inequality.^[1]

• History of slavery in West Virginia
• List of African-American historic places in West Virginia
• List of African American newspapers in West Virginia

Wikimedia Commons has media related toAfrican Americans in West Virginia.

• A Brief History of African Americans in West Virginia
• A Timeline of African-American History in West Virginia
• Migration of African Americans to West Virginia: Hinton Depot; Hinton, WV
• African American Communities in West Virginia
• African-American Education

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