| Admiral Duncan | |
|---|---|
 The Admiral Duncan in 2021 | |
 Interactive map of Admiral Duncan | |
| Etymology | Admiral Adam Duncan |
| General information | |
| Location | 54Old Compton Street, London, W1,Soho, London |
| Coordinates | 51°30′46″N0°07′57″W / 51.5129°N 0.1324°W /51.5129; -0.1324 |
| Owner | Stonegate Pub Company |
| Website | |
| https://www.admiral-duncan.co.uk/ | |
TheAdmiral Duncan is apublic house inOld Compton Street,Soho, Westminster that is well known as one of Soho's oldestgay pubs.
In 1999, the pubwas bombed byneo-NaziDavid Copeland, resulting in three people being killed and 83 being injured.
The pub is named after British AdmiralAdam Duncan, who defeated theBatavian Navy at theBattle of Camperdown in 1797.[1]
The Admiral Duncan has been trading since at least 1832.
In June of that year, Dennis Collins, a wooden-legged Irish ex-sailor living at the pub, was charged withhigh treason for throwing stones atKing William IV atAscot Racecourse.[2][3] Collins was convicted and sentenced to behanged, drawn and quartered, as the medieval punishment for high treason was then still in effect. However, his sentence was quickly commuted to life imprisonment[2] and he was subsequentlytransported to Australia.[4]
In December 1881, a customer received eight years' penal servitude for various offences in connection with his ejection from the Admiral Duncan public house by keeper William Gordon.[5] In 1887, theAlgerian Coffee Stores was established next door to the Admiral Duncan.
During the 1920s, the Admiral Duncan was frequented by mob bossCharles "Darby" Sabini and was a gathering place for members of his gang.[6][7] On 4 February 1930 there was a fierce brawl in the pub after six members of the Sabini gang's rivals, theHoxton Gang, entered and attacked two of the Sabinis who were drinking there.[8] Both men were slashed with a broken drinking glass; one – George Seawell – was badly beaten by four of the Hoxton gang. Around £200 worth of damage was caused.[8] The fracas was broken up by police and the six Hoxton Gang members were arrested. Three of them – brothers John and Arthur Phillips, and John Daly – were later sentenced to five years, three years and 12 months in prison[9][10][11]
It has been claimed that in 1953Dylan Thomas lost the only hand-written copy of his famous radio dramaUnder Milk Wood in the pub, leaving it there during the course of a drinking binge.[12] It was later found by his radio producer,Douglas Cleverdon, who retraced Thomas' steps.[13] However other sources state this happened atThe Swiss Tavern, another pub in Old Compton Street,[14] orThe French House in nearby Dean Street.[15]
By the 1980s, the Admiral Duncan had become known as agay pub, although it was not exclusively so and was still attracting a diverse clientele.[16]
At around 6:05 pm on Friday 30 April 1999, a bomb in a sports bag was planted in the Admiral Duncan byNeo-Nazi,David Copeland.[17] It was the third bomb he had planted in London in aone-man campaign intended to stir upethnic andhomophobic tensions.[18][19]
Copeland's previous bomb attacks, on 17 April inBrixton and on 24 April inHanbury Street inWhitechapel, had made Londoners wary. The unattended bag aroused the suspicions of people in the pub, but the bag exploded at 6:37 pm just as it was being investigated by the pub manager, Mark Taylor.[20][21] Three people died and 83 suffered burns and injuries – four of the injured needed amputations.[17]
Copeland was still in the area and was close enough to hear the explosion. Police had identified him as a suspect around an hour before he planted the bomb. He was arrested at his home later that evening.[17]
A large open air meeting was spontaneously organised inSoho Square on the Sunday following the attack, attended by thousands. Among the speeches was one from theMetropolitan Police Assistant Commissioner who undertook to maintain a crime scene van outside the pub to take witness statements and gather evidence until the perpetrator was found; the van would be staffed entirely withopenlygay andlesbian police officers. This marked a turning point for the previously often tempestuous relationship between theLGBT community and the Metropolitan Police.
There is a memorialchandelier with an inscription and aplaque in the bar to commemorate those killed and injured in the blast.[20]
The playwright Jonathan Cash, then working forGay Times, was among the injured.[20] He later used the experience as the basis for his play,The First Domino, about a fictionalterrorist being interviewed by apsychiatrist in a top-security prison.[22]
Assistant bar managerDavid Morley 37, from Chiswick, west London, was one of those injured in the bombing and was murdered in London after a robbery or homophobic attack on the morning of 30 October 2004.[23] He and a friend were badly beaten near London's Hungerford Bridge andWaterloo station on the South Bank.[24] In December 2005, four youths were found guilty of Morley'smanslaughter. Reece Sargeant (21), Darren Case (18) and David Blenman (17), all fromKennington,South London, were sentenced to 12 years each. A fifteen-year-old girl, Chelsea O'Mahoney (aged fourteen at the time of the incident) was sentenced to an 8-year custodial sentence. Thejury had returned a verdict ofmanslaughter as they are permitted to do.
In late 2005,Westminster City Council ordered the Admiral Duncan and all other LGBT bars andgay businesses that operated in its jurisdiction, including those inSoho andCovent Garden, to remove theirpride flags. The council claimed that the flags constituted advertising, which was forbidden by itslocal development plan, and said businesses would need to apply for advertising permits to fly the flags.[25] Some businesses who applied to fly flags had their applications refused. Following media allegations of homophobia in the council, theI Love Soho campaign and intense pressure from the thenMayor of London,Ken Livingstone, the Council reversed its policy, allowing businesses to fly rainbow flags without applying for permission.[26]
In 2004 the pub was bought from theScottish & Newcastle Brewery by the Tattershall Castle Group (TCG). In 2015, it was acquired byStonegate Pub Company as one of 53 pubs purchased from TCG.[27]
"Meanwhile from the 1920's onwards, the Sabinis had been branching out, taking interests in the West End drinking and gabling clubs, and installing and running slot machines. One of their principal hangouts was the Admiral Duncan in Old Comption Street, Soho
A hush would spread through the Admiral Duncan in Old Comption street when the boys entered. Darby would look round the room and if in a good mood would order drinks all round
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link){{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link){{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)The Admiral Duncan in Old Compton Street, named after the hero of Camperdown against the Dutch in 1797, was not exclusively queer in the eighties, but by 1999 was to have become enough of an emblem of gay life to attract the attention of David Copeland, a nasty bit of work who planted a nail bomb there that killed three and wounded dozens of people.
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