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| AHFS/Drugs.com | International Drug Names |
| Routes of administration | Oral |
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.034.192 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C72H100CoN18O17P |
| Molar mass | 1579.608 g·mol−1 |
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Adenosylcobalamin (AdoCbl), also known ascoenzyme B12,cobamamide, anddibencozide, is one of the biologically active forms ofvitamin B12.[1]
Adenosylcobalamin participates as a cofactor in radical-mediated 1,2-carbon skeleton rearrangements. These processes require the formation of thedeoxyadenosyl radical through homolytic dissociation of the carbon-cobalt bond. This bond is exceptionally weak, with a bond dissociation energy of 31 kcal/mol, which is further lowered in the chemical environment of an enzymeactive site.[2] Anenzyme that uses adenosylcobalamin as acoenzyme ismethylmalonyl-CoA mutase (MCM).
Further experimentation has also determined adenosylcobalamin's role in regulating expression of some bacterial genes. By binding to CarH,[clarification needed] AdoCbl can modulatecarotenoid genes, which confer warm colors onto various plants. Carotenoid transcription is activated by sunlight, due to the response from AdoCbl.[3] There are other photoreceptors across different bacterial communities, aside from CarH, that also have reactive capability when bound to AdoCbl. For instance, AerR is another factor that uses AdoCbl to give off purple pigmentation. Additional examination of adenosylcobalamin-bound enzymes and the development of this cofactor over time may prove to hold regulatory function of DNA and RNA.[4]