Abu'l-Futuh al-Hasan ibn Ja'far (Arabic:أبو الفتوح الحسن بن جعفر) was theSharif of Mecca for theFatimid Caliphate from 994/5 until 1010. He was also briefly proclaimed as an anti-caliph in a rebellion against the Fatimid Caliphate inPalestine in 1010.

Abu al-Futuh succeeded his brotherIsa as Emir of Mecca in 384AH (994/5CE).^[1] He was a member of the Ja'farid dynasty, aHasanid family that had come to rule Meccac. 968.[2] The family may have hadZaydi leanings, and recognized the suzerainty of theFatimid Caliphate.^[3]

In July 1010, at the instigation ofAbu'l-Qasim al-Husayn ibn Ali al-Maghribi, a former Fatimidvizier, he was briefly acclaimed as anti-caliph with the title ofal-Rashid bi-llah ("Righteous with God") during theJarrahid-ledBedouin revolt against the Fatimid rule in Palestine. He raised a considerable sum of money and joined the rebels in their capital ofRamla, where he was initially warmly received and acclaimed as "Commander of the Faithful". Soon, however, the money he had brought with him ran out and the Jarrahids ceased to respect him, while they were willing to receive gifts and money from the Fatimid Caliph,al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah. Disheartened, Hasan returned to Mecca and Fatimid allegiance, while the Jarrahid rebellion was crushed by the Fatimid troops in late summer 1010.^[4][5] The motives for his revolt are not entirely clear. On one part they were practical: the Hejaz had suffered due to the cessation of grain shipments, as well as monetary subsidies, from Egypt for the few years preceding the revolt, and the sources explicitly mention that this had caused grievances on the part of al-Hasan. However, the unprecedented decision to actually proclaim a counter-caliphate clearly had ideological motivation as well, being possibly prodded by al-Hakim's demand in 1005 to ritually curse the first twoRashidun caliphs across the Fatimid domains.^[6]

Abu'l-Futuh also briefly occupiedMedina, ruled by a rivalHusaynid family, theBanu Muhanna.^[7][8]

Abu al-Futuh died in 430 AH (1038/9), as mentioned byIbn al-Athir.^[9] He was succeeded as Emir by his only sonShukr After his removal in the year 400 AH (1010) AD.^[10]

• Bianquis, Thierry (1986).Damas et la Syrie sous la domination fatimide (359-468/969-1076): essai d'interprétation de chroniques arabes médiévales. Tome premier (in French). Damascus: Institut français de Damas.ISBN 978-2-35159130-7.
• Gil, Moshe (1997) [1983].A History of Palestine, 634–1099. Translated by Ethel Broido. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.ISBN 0-521-59984-9.
• Ibn Fahd, ‘Izz al-Dīn ‘Abd al-‘Azīz ibn ‘Umar ibn Muḥammad (1986). Shaltūt, Fahīm Muḥammad (ed.).غاية المرام بأخبار سلطنة البلد الحرام (in Arabic). Vol. 1 (1st ed.). Mecca: Jāmi‘at Umm al-Qurá, Markaz al-Baḥth al-‘Ilmī wa-Iḥyā’ al-Turāth al-Islāmī, Kullīyat al-Sharīʻah wa-al-Dirāsāt al-Islāmīyah.
• Landau-Tasseron, Ella (2010). "Arabia". InRobinson, Chase F. (ed.).The New Cambridge History of Islam, Volume 1: The Formation of the Islamic World, Sixth to Eleventh Centuries. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 397–447.ISBN 978-0-521-83823-8.
• Mortel, Richard T. (1991). "The Origins and Early History of the Husaynid Amirate of Madīna to the End of the Ayyūbid Period".Studia Islamica.74:63–78.JSTOR 1595897.
• Mortel, Richard T. (1987). "Zaydi Shiism and the Hasanid Sharifs of Mecca".International Journal of Middle East Studies.19 (4):455–472.doi:10.1017/S0020743800056518.JSTOR 163211.

• 10th-century births
• 1030s deaths
• 10th-century Arab people
• 11th-century Arab people
• 11th-century caliphs
• 11th-century people from the Fatimid Caliphate
• 11th-century monarchs in the Middle East
• Hasanids
• Rebellions against the Fatimid Caliphate
• Sharifs of Mecca
• Vassal rulers of the Fatimid Caliphate

• Articles containing Arabic-language text
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