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ARM Cortex-X2

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Microprocessor core model by ARM

ARM Cortex-X2
General information
Launched	2021
Designed by	Arm
Performance
Max.CPU clock rate	2.85 GHz to 3.0 GHz
Address width	40-bit
Cache
L1cache	128KiB (64 KiBI-cache with parity, 64 KiBD-cache) per core
L2 cache	256–1024 KiBper core
L3 cache	512 KiB – 16 MiB(optional)
Architecture and classification
Microarchitecture	ARM Cortex-X2
Instruction set	ARMv9.0-A
Physical specifications
Cores	1–12 (per cluster)
Products, models, variants
Product code name	Matterhorn ELP
Variant	ARM Cortex-A710
History
Predecessor	ARM Cortex-X1
Successor	ARM Cortex-X3

TheARM Cortex-X2 is aCPU implementing theARMv9-A 64-bitinstruction set designed byARM Holdings'Austin design centre as part of ARM's Cortex-X Custom (CXC) program.^[1]

It forms part of Arm's Total Compute Solutions 2021 (TCS21) along with Arm'sCortex-A710,Cortex-A510,Mali-G710 and CoreLink CI-700/NI-700.^[2]

Architecture changes in comparison withARM Cortex-X1

[edit]

The processor implements the following changes:^[3]

ARMv9.0^[4]
10 cycle pipeline down from 11, created by reducing the dispatch stage from 2 cycles to 1
Reorder buffer (ROB) increased by 30% from 224 entries to 288
dTLB increased by 20% from 40 entries to 48
SVE2 SIMD support
Bfloat16 data type support
Support for Aarch32 removed
DSU-110
- Up to 12 cores (up from 8 cores)
- Up to 16M L3 cache (up from 8 MB)
CoreLink CI-700/NI-700
- Up to 32MB SLC

Performance claims:

Comparing the Cortex-X2^[5] to the Cortex-X1 with the same process,
clock speed, and 4MB of L3 cache (also known as ISO-process):
- 16% greater integer performance / IPC
- 100% greater ML performance
30% peak performance improvement over the Cortex-X1 in smartphones

(3.3 GHz, 1MB L2, 8MB L3)

40% faster than an Intel Core i5-1135G7 at 15W (3.5 GHz, 1MB L2, 16MB L3)

Architecture comparison

[edit]

"Prime" core

uArch	Cortex-A78	Cortex-X1	Cortex-X2	Cortex-X3	Cortex-X4	Cortex-X925
Code name	Hercules	Hera	Matterhorn-ELP	Makalu-ELP	Hunter-ELP	Blackhawk
Architecture	ARMv8.2		ARMv9		ARMv9.2
Peak clock speed	~3.0 GHz			~3.3 GHz	~3.4 GHz	~3.8 GHz
Decode width	4	5		6	10^[6]
Dispatch	6/cycle	8/cycle			10/cycle
Max in-flight	2x 160	2x 224	2x 288	2x 320	2x 384	2x 768
L0 (Mops entries)	1536^[7]	3072^[7]		1536	0^[6]
L1-I + L1-D	32+32 KiB	64+64 KiB
L2	128–512 KiB	0.25–1 MiB			0.5–2 MiB	2–3 MiB
L3	0–8 MiB^[8]		0–16 MiB		0–32 MiB

Usage

[edit]

MediaTek •Dimensity 9000(+)
Qualcomm •Snapdragon 7+ Gen 2^[9] •Snapdragon 8/8+ Gen 1^[10]^[11]
Samsung •Exynos 2200^[12]

References

[edit]

^"Cortex-X Custom CPU program".Arm. Retrieved2021-12-02.
^"Arm Total Compute solutions powering decade of compute - Arm Community".Arm. 2021-05-25. Retrieved2023-09-16.
^"Arm Launches Its New Flagship Performance Armv9 Core: Cortex-X2".WikiChip Fuse. 2021-05-25. Retrieved2021-12-03.
^"Documentation – Arm Developer".arm.com.Archived from the original on 2021-12-03. Retrieved2021-12-03.
^"Arm Announces Mobile Armv9 CPU Microarchitectures: Cortex-X2, Cortex-A710 & Cortex-A510".anandtech.com. Archived fromthe original on May 25, 2021. Retrieved2021-12-03.
^^a ^b"Arm Cortex-X4, A720, and A520: 2024 smartphone CPUs deep dive".Android Authority. 2023-05-29. Retrieved2023-06-01.
^^a ^b"Arm's New Cortex-A78 and Cortex-X1 Microarchitectures: An Efficiency and Performance Divergence".anandtech.com. Archived fromthe original on May 26, 2020. Retrieved2023-06-01.
^Schor, David (2020-05-26)."Arm Cortex-X1: The First From The Cortex-X Custom Program".WikiChip Fuse. Retrieved2023-05-30.
^"Snapdragon 7+ Gen 2 Mobile Platform". Qualcomm. Retrieved17 March 2023.
^"Qualcomm Snapdragon 8 Gen 1 Mobile Platform | Latest 5G Snapdragon Processor".qualcomm.com. 17 November 2021. Retrieved2021-12-02.
^"The Snapdragon 8 Gen 1 Performance Preview: Sizing Up Cortex-X2". AnandTech. December 14, 2021. Archived fromthe original on December 22, 2021. RetrievedMarch 3, 2022.
^"Exynos 2200 | Processor".

Application ARM-based chips

Application
processors
(32-bit)

ARMv7-A

Cortex-A5	Actions ATM702x Amlogic M805, S805, T82x AtmelSAMA5D3 InfoTMiMAPx820, iMAPx15 Qualcomm Snapdragon S4 Play,200 RDA RDA8810PL Telechips TCC892x
Cortex-A7	Allwinner A2x, A3x, A83T, H3, H8 NXP i.MX7,QorIQ LS10xx, NXPi.MX6UL Broadcom BCM2836, BCM23550 LeadcoreLC1813, LC1860/C, LC1913, LC1960 Marvell Armada 1500 mini plus, PXA1920 MediaTek MT65xx Rockchip RK3126 Qualcomm Snapdragon 200, 205, 208, 210, 212,400 UNISOCSC7731(E), T127
Cortex-A8	Allwinner A1x Apple A4 Freescale i.MX5 RockchipRK291x Samsung Exynos 3110 (S5PC110), S5PV210 Texas Instruments OMAP 3,Sitara AM3xxx,DM38x ZiiLABSZMS-08
Cortex-A9	ActionsATM702x, ATM703x Altera Cyclone V, Arria V/10 Amlogic AML8726, MX, M6x, M801, M802/S802, S812, T86x Apple A5,A5X Broadcom BCM21xxx, BCM28xxx Freescale i.MX6 HiSilicon K3V2,910's InfoTMiMAPx912 LeadcoreLC1810, LC1811 Marvell Armada 1500 mini MediaTek MT65xx Nvidia Tegra,2,3,4i NufrontNuSmart 2816M, NS115, NS115M Renesas EMMA EV2, R-Car H1, RZ/A Rockchip RK292x, RK30xx, RK31xx Samsung Exynos 4 421x, 441x ST-EricssonNovaThor TelechipsTCC8803 Texas InstrumentsOMAP 4,Sitara AM4xxx VIA WonderMediaWM88x0, 89x0 XilinxZynq-7000 ZiiLABSZMS-20, ZMS-40
Cortex-A15	Allwinner A80 HiSilicon K3V3 MediaTek MT8135/V Nvidia Tegra 4,K1 Renesas R-Car H2 Samsung Exynos 5 52xx, 54xx Texas InstrumentsOMAP 5, DRA7xx,Sitara AM5xxx, AM57xx
Cortex-A17	MediaTek MT6595, MT5595 MStar 6A928 Rockchip RK3288
Others	Cortex-A12
ARMv7-A compatible	Apple A6,A6X,S1,S1P,S2,S3 Broadcom Brahma-B15 Marvell P4J Qualcomm Snapdragon S1, S2, S3, S4 Plus, S4 Pro, 600, 800 (Scorpion,Krait)

ARMv8-A

Others	Cortex-A32

Application
processors
(64-bit)

ARMv8-A

Cortex-A35	NXP i.MX8X MediaTek MT6799, MT8516 Rockchip RK3308
Cortex-A53	ActionsGT7, S900, V700 Allwinner A133, A64, H5, H64, R18 Altera Stratix 10 Amlogic S9 Family, T96x Broadcom BCM2837 EZchip TILE-Mx100 HiSilicon Kirin 620,650, 655, 658, 659,930, 935 Marvell Armada PXA1928, Mobile PXA1908/PXA1936 MediaTek MT673x,MT675x,MT6761V,MT6762/V,MT6763T,MT6765/G/H,MT6795,MT8161, MT8163, MT8165, MT8732, MT8735, MT8752 NXP ARM S32,QorIQ LS1088, LS1043,i.MX8M Qualcomm Snapdragon 215,410, 412, 415, 425, 427, 429, 430, 435, 439, 450,610, 615, 616, 617, 625, 626, 630 Renesas RZ/V2M RockchipRK3328, RK3368, RK3562, RK3566 Samsung Exynos 7570, 7578, 7580, 7870, 7880 Texas InstrumentsSitara AM6xxx UNISOCSC9820E,SC9832E, SC9860/GV, SL8541E XilinxZynqMP
Cortex-A57	AMD Opteron A1100-series NXP QorIQ LS20xx Nvidia Tegra X1,Tegra X2 Qualcomm Snapdragon 808 and 810 Samsung Exynos 7 5433, 7420 HiSilicon Kirin Hi1610 and Hi1612
Cortex-A72	AWS Graviton Broadcom BCM2711 HiSilicon Kirin 950, 955,Kunpeng 916 MediaTek MT6797/D/T/X,MT8173, MT8176, MT8693 MStar 6A938 Qualcomm Snapdragon 650, 652, 653 Rockchip RK3399 NXP QorIQ LS2088,QorIQ LS1046A,QorIQ LX2160A,QorIQ LS1028A,i.MX8
Cortex-A73	Allwinner A333 Amlogic S922X Qualcomm Snapdragon 460,632, 636, 660, 662, 665, 680, 685,6s 4G Gen 1,835 Samsung Exynos 7872, 7884, 7885, 7904, 9609, 9610, 9611 HiSilicon Kirin 710,960,970 MediaTek MT6771/V,MT6799,MT8183, MT8788
Others	Cortex-A34
ARMv8-A compatible	Ampere eMAG Apple A7,A8,A8X,A9,A9X,A10,A10X Applied Micro X-Gene Cavium ThunderX Nvidia Tegra K1 (Denver),Tegra X2 (Denver2) Qualcomm Kryo,Falkor Samsung Exynos M1 (Mongoose), M2 (Mongoose)

ARMv8.1-A

ARMv8.1-A compatible	Cavium ThunderX2

ARMv8.2-A

Cortex-A55	Allwinner A523 Samsung Exynos 850 UNISOCSC9863/A, T158, T603, T7100
Cortex-A75	Qualcomm Snapdragon 670,710, 712,845,850 Samsung Exynos 9820, 9825 MediaTek MT6769H/T/V/Z,MT6768, MT6779V UNISOCS512, S513, S562, S563, T310, T606, T610, T615, T616, T618, T619, T620, T700, T710, T7200, T7225, T7250, T7255, T7280,T740
Cortex-A76	ASR 8662 Allwinner A733 Google Tensor HiSilicon Kirin 810, 820,980, 985,990 Qualcomm Snapdragon 480(+),675, 678,720G, 730(G), 732G, 765(G), 768G,855(+), 860,7c (Gen 2), 8c, 8cx (Gen 2) MicrosoftSQ1, SQ2 MediaTek MT6781, MT6785V, MT6789,MT6833V/P, MT6853V/T,MT6873, MT6875,MT8192,Dimensity 6020, 6080, 6100+, 6300(+), 6400 (Max) Rockchip RK3588s Samsung Exynos 990 UNISOCS713, S752, S762, S913, T750, T760, T765, T770, T820, T8100, T8200, T9100
Cortex-A77	MediaTek Dimensity 1000(+) Qualcomm Snapdragon 690,750G,865(+), 870 HiSilicon Kirin 9000 Samsung Exynos 880,980
Cortex-A78	Google Tensor G2 MediaTek MT6877, MT6878,MT6879, MT6891, MT6893,Dimensity 7020, 7025 (Ultra), 7030, 7050, 7060, 7300 (Energy/Pro/Ultimate/Ultra/X), 7360 (Turbo), 7400(X),8000, 8020, 8050, 8100, 8200 (Ultimate/Ultra),Kompanio 900T, 1200, 1380, 1300T Qualcomm Snapdragon 4 Gen 1, 4(s) Gen 2,695,6 Gen 1, 6(s) Gen 3, 6s Gen 4,778G(+), 780G, 782G,888(+) Samsung Exynos 1080, 1280, 1330, 1380, 1480,2100 UNISOCS715, T7300, T8300
Cortex-X1	Google Tensor, Tensor G2 Qualcomm Snapdragon 888(+) Samsung Exynos 2100
Neoverse N1	Ampere Altra, Altra Max AWS Graviton2
Others	Cortex-A65, Cortex-A65AE, Cortex-A76AE, Cortex-A78C, Cortex-X1C,Neoverse E1
ARMv8.2-A compatible	Apple A11 Fujitsu A64FX HiSilicon TaiShan v110 Nvidia Tegra Xavier (Carmel) Samsung Exynos M3 (Meerkat), M4 (Cheetah), M5 (Lion)

ARMv8.3-A

ARMv8.3-A compatible	Apple A12,A12X/A12Z,S4,S5 Marvell ThunderX3

ARMv8.4-A

Neoverse V1	AWS Graviton3
ARMv8.4-A compatible	Apple A13,S6,S7,S8

ARMv8.5-A

ARMv8.5-A compatible	Apple A14,M1

ARMv8.6-A

ARMv8.6-A compatible	Apple A15,A16,A17,M2,M3

ARMv8.7-A

ARMv8.7-A compatible	Qualcomm Oryon

ARMv9.0-A

Cortex-A510	Google Tensor G3 MediaTek Dimensity 7200 (Pro/Ultra), 7350 Pro,8300 (Ultra), 8350 (Apex/Extreme/Ultimate),9000(+), 9200 Qualcomm Snapdragon 7 Gen 1/3, 7s/7+ Gen 2,8(+) Gen 1, 8 Gen 2 Samsung Exynos 2200
Cortex-A710	MediaTek Dimensity 9000/9000+ Qualcomm Snapdragon 7 Gen 1/3, 7s/7+ Gen 2,8(+) Gen 1, 8 Gen 2 Samsung Exynos 2200
Cortex-A715	Google Tensor G3 MediaTek Dimensity 7200 (Pro/Ultra), 7350 Pro,8300 (Ultra), 8350 (Apex/Extreme/Ultimate),9200 Qualcomm Snapdragon 7 Gen 3,8 Gen 2
Cortex-X2	MediaTek Dimensity 9000/9000+ Qualcomm Snapdragon 7s/7+ Gen 2,8(+) Gen 1 Samsung Exynos 2200
Cortex-X3	Google Tensor G3 MediaTek Dimensity 9200(+) Qualcomm Snapdragon 8 Gen 2
Neoverse N2	Alibaba YiTian 710 Microsoft Azure Cobalt 100
Neoverse V2	AWSGraviton4 Google Axion Nvidia Grace

ARMv9.2-A

Cortex-A520	Google Tensor G4 Qualcomm Snapdragon 6 Gen 4,7s/7+ Gen 3, 7s/7+ Gen 4,8(s) Gen 3 Samsung Exynos 1580,2400(e),2500 Xiaomi Xring O1
Cortex-A720	Google Tensor G4 MediaTek Dimensity 9300(+), 9400e Qualcomm Snapdragon 6 Gen 4,7s/7+ Gen 3, 7s/7+ Gen4,8(s) Gen 3, 8s Gen 4 Samsung Exynos 1580,2400(e)
Cortex-A725	MediaTek Dimensity 8400 (Ultra) Samsung Exynos 2500 Xiaomi Xring O1
Cortex-X4	Google Tensor G4 MediaTek Dimensity 9300(+), Dimensity 9400(+,e) Qualcomm Snapdragon 7+ Gen 3,8(s) Gen 3, 8s Gen 4 Samsung Exynos 2400(e)
Cortex-X925	MediaTek Dimensity 9400(+) Samsung Exynos 2500 Xiaomi Xring O1
Neoverse N3	-
Neoverse V3	Microsoft Azure Cobalt 200 Nvidia Thor (V3AE)
ARMv9.2-A compatible	Apple A18 Apple M4

ARMv9.3-A

Lumex C1-Ultra	MediaTek Dimensity 9500
Lumex C1-Premium	MediaTek Dimensity 9500
Lumex C1-Pro	MediaTek Dimensity 9500
Lumex C1-Nano	TBD

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Architecture changes in comparison withARM Cortex-X1

Architecture comparison

Usage

See also

References