Calendar year
Calendar year
1918 by topic Subject By country Lists of leaders Birth and death categories Establishments and disestablishments categories Works category
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1918 .
1918 (MCMXVIII ) was acommon year starting on Tuesday of theGregorian calendar and acommon year starting on Monday of theJulian calendar , the 1918th year of theCommon Era (CE) andAnno Domini 2nd millennium , the 18th year of the20th century , and the 9th year of the1910s decade. As of the start of 1918, the Gregorian calendar was 13 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
Calendar year
The ceasefire that effectively ended theFirst World War took place on the eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month of this year. Also in this year, theSpanish flu pandemic killed 50–100 million people worldwide.
In Russia, this year runs with only 352 days. As the result of Julian to Gregorian calendar switch, 13 days needed to be skipped. Wednesday, January 31(Julian Calendar) was immediately followed by Thursday, February 14(Gregorian Calendar) .
World War I will be abbreviated as “WWI”
February 16 : TheAct of Independence of Lithuania February 23 :Estonian Declaration of Independence March 1 – WWI: German submarineU-19 HMS Calgarian offRathlin Island , Northern Ireland.March 3 – WWI: TheCentral Powers andBolshevist Russia sign theTreaty of Brest-Litovsk , ending Russia's involvement in the war.March 6 March 7 – WWI:Finland forms an alliance with Germany.March 8 – WWI: TheBattle of Tell 'Asur is launched by units of theBritish Army 'sEgyptian Expeditionary Force against Ottoman defences from theMediterranean Sea , across theJudaean Mountains to the edge of the Jordan Valley; it ends onMarch 12 , with the move of much of the front line north into Ottoman territory.March 12 –Moscow becomes the capital of Soviet Russia.March 15 –Finnish Civil War : Thebattle of Tampere begins.[ 6] March 19 – TheUnited States Congress establishestime zones , and approvesdaylight saving time (DST goes into effect onMarch 31 ).March 21 –July 18 – WWI: TheSpring Offensive by theGerman Army along theWestern Front fails to make a breakthrough, despite large losses on each side, including nearly 20,000 British Army dead on the first day,Operation Michael , on the Somme.March 21 – WWI: TheFirst Transjordan attack on Amman by units of the Egyptian Expeditionary Force begins, with the passage of the Jordan River.March 23 WWI: The giant German cannon, the 'Paris Gun ' (Kaiser Wilhelm Geschütz ), begins to shell Paris from 114 km (71 mi) away. In London at theWood Green Empire,Chung Ling Soo (William E. Robinson, U.S.-born magician) dies during his trick, where he is supposed to "catch " two separate bullets (but one of them perforates his lung). He dies the following morning in a hospital. March 25 March 26 –Marie Stopes publishes her influential bookMarried Love March 27 – WWI: TheFirst Battle of Amman is launched by units of the Egyptian Expeditionary Force, during the First Transjordan attack on Amman; it ends with their withdrawal on31 March , back to the Jordan Valley.March 30 –March Days :Bolshevik andArmenian Revolutionary Federation forces suppress a Muslim revolt inBaku ,Azerbaijan , resulting in up to 30,000 deaths.Styles ofLucy, Lady Duff-Gordon , as presented in a vaudeville circuit pantomime and sketched byMarguerite Martyn of theSt. Louis Post-Dispatch in April 1918 April 1 – TheRoyal Flying Corps and theRoyal Naval Air Service in Britain are merged to form theRoyal Air Force , the first autonomous Air Force in the world.April 5 –Sālote succeeds as Queen ofTonga ; she will remain on the throne until her death in1965 .April 6 –Finnish Civil War : Thebattle of Tampere ends.[ 6] April 8 –Operations against the Marri and Khetran tribes inBalochistan end with surrender to the British authorities.April 9 –Union of Bessarabia with Romania :Bessarabia votes to become part of theKingdom of Romania .April 21 – WWI:Manfred von Richthofen , "The Red Baron", the war's most successful fighter pilot, dies in combat at Morlancourt Ridge near the Somme River.April 22 –Armenia ,Azerbaijan , andGeorgia declare their independence from Russia as theTranscaucasian Democratic Federative Republic .April 23 – WWI:April 28 – WWI:Gavrilo Princip , assassin ofArchduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria , dies inTerezin ,Austria-Hungary , after three years in prison.April 30 – WWI: TheSecond Transjordan attack on Shunet Nimrin and Es Salt , launched by units of the Egyptian Expeditionary Force, ends on4 May , with their withdrawal back to the Jordan Valley.May 1 – WWI: German troops enterDon Host Oblast ; they captureRostov-on-Don onMay 8 .May 2 –General Motors acquires theChevrolet Motor Company ofDelaware .May 7 – WWI: The British captureKirkuk .May 9 – WWI –Second Ostend Raid : The British Royal Navy unsuccessfully attempts, for a second time, to seal off the German U-boat base here.May 11 – TheMountainous Republic of the Northern Caucasus is officially established.May 14 – The Three Minute Pause, initiated by the daily firing of theNoon Gun onSignal Hill , is instituted byCape Town Mayor SirHarry Hands . It will inspire the introduction of thetwo-minute silence inNovember 1919 .[ 8] May 15 May 16 – TheSedition Act of 1918 is approved by the U.S. Congress.May 20 – The small town ofCodell, Kansas is hit for the third year in a row, on the same date, by atornado .May 21 – The United States Army Aviation Section is separated from theSignal Corps , and divided into theDivision of Military Aeronautics and the Bureau ofAircraft Production.May 24 – Women in Canada, excluding residents ofQuebec , aregranted the right to vote in federal elections.[ 10] May 26 – TheTranscaucasian Democratic Federative Republic is abolished; Georgia declares its independence as theDemocratic Republic of Georgia .May 27 – WWI: TheThird Battle of the Aisne commences.May 28 –Armenia andAzerbaijan declare their independence as theFirst Republic of Armenia and theAzerbaijan Democratic Republic respectively.May 29 – WWI: The week-longBattle of Sardarabad concludes with defending Armenian forces victorious over the Ottomans.May 29 –30 – WWI:Battle of Skra di Legen – The GreekNational Defence Army Corps defeats the Bulgarians.June 10 : Austro-Hungarian battleshipSzent István torpedo boats Szent István June –August – The "Spanish flu " becomespandemic .[ 11] June 1 – WWI: TheBattle of Belleau Wood begins.June 4 – RMSKenilworth Castle , one of theUnion-Castle Line steamships, collides with her escort destroyerHMSRival while trying to avoid her other escort, the cruiserHMSKent .June 8 –V603 Aquilae , the brightestnova observed sinceKepler's of1604 , is discovered.June 10 – WWI: TheAustro-Hungarian dreadnought battleship SMSSzent István is sunk by two ItalianMAS motortorpedo boats off theDalmatian coast.June 12 Grand Duke Michael of Russia is murdered, thereby becoming the first of the Romanovs to be killed by the Bolsheviks.WWI: The first airplane bombing raid by an American unit in France is carried out. June 16 – TheDeclaration to the Seven , aBritish government response to a memorandum issued anonymously by sevenSyrian notables, is published.June 22 – Suspects in theChicago Restaurant Poisonings are arrested, and more than 100 waiters are taken into custody for poisoning restaurant customers with a lethal powder calledMickey Finn .June 29 –Bronx International Exposition of Science, Arts and Industries opens in New York; Brazil is the only international exhibitor and the exposition closes at the end of the season.[ 12] July 3 –Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War : TheSiberian Intervention is launched by theAllies , to extract theCzechoslovak Legion from theRussian Civil War .July 4 –Mehmed VI succeeds asSultan of the Ottoman Empire on the death of his half-brotherMehmed V (Reşâd, who has reigned since1909 ), himself reigning until the Sultanate is abolished in1922 .July 12 – TheImperial Japanese Navy battleshipKawachi Tokuyama, Yamaguchi , westernHonshu , Japan, killing at least 621.July 13 – The National Czechoslovak Committee is established.July 14 – The filmThe Glorious Adventure Mammy Lou , who becomes one of the oldest people ever to star in a film, at a claimed age of 114.July 14 – WWI:Second Battle of the Marne : The battle begins near theRiver Marne , with a German attack.July 14 –Quentin Roosevelt , Theodore Roosevelt's youngest son, is killed in action during theSecond Battle of the Marne .July 17 :Execution of the Romanov family July 17 WWI:RMS Carpathia (famed for rescuing survivors of theRMS Titanic ) is torpedoed and sunk off the east coast of Ireland, byImperial German Navy submarineU-55 [ 13] Execution of the Romanov family : By order of theBolshevik Party , and carried out by theCheka , former emperorNicholas II , his wifeAlexandra Feodorovna , their children,Olga ,Tatiana ,Maria ,Anastasia ,Alexei and retainers are shot at theIpatiev House , inEkaterinburg, Russia .July 21 – WWI:Attack on Orleans – Imperial German submarineSM U-156 surfaces and fires on a small convoy of barges and defending flying boats off theCape Cod town of Orleans, Massachusetts.[ 14] August 30 : Attempted assassination ofLenin , depicted by Vladimir PchelinOctober 1 – WWI: The Desert Mounted Corpscaptures Damascus .October 2 – WWI: TheCharge at Khan Ayash is begun north of Damascus, by the3rd Light Horse Brigade .October 3 October 4 October 7 – TheRegency Council (Poland) declares Polish independence from theGerman Empire , and demands that Germany cede the Polish provinces ofPoznań ,Upper Silesia andPolish Pomerania .October 8 –10 – WWI:Second Battle of Cambrai : British and Canadian troops takeCambrai from the Germans and the First and Third British Armies break through the Hindenburg Line.October 8 – WWI: In theForest of Argonne in France, U.S. CorporalAlvin C. York almost single-handedly kills 25 German soldiers and captures 132.October 9 – LandgravePrince Frederick Charles of Hesse is electedKing of Finland .October 11 – The magnitude (Mw ) 7.1San Fermín earthquake shakes Puerto Rico with a maximumMercalli intensity of IX (Violent ), killing 76–116 people. A destructive tsunami contributes to the damage and loss of life.October 12 –Cloquet Fire : The city ofCloquet, Minnesota , and nearby areas are destroyed in a fire, killing 453.October 16 – Emperor Karl IV of Austria publishes theVölkermanifest manifesto, declaring the Cisleithanian part of the empire will be federalized on the basis of national councilsOctober 18 – TheWashington Declaration proclaims the independentCzechoslovak Republic .October 21 – German representatives of theReichsrat in Austria-Hungary form the Provisional National Assembly for German-AustriaOctober 24 – WWI: TheBattle of Vittorio Veneto opens.October 25 October 26 – WWI –Charge at Haritan : Units of the Desert Mounted Corps battle with Ottoman forces for the last time in WWI.October 28 October 29 October 30 October 31 –Revolution overthrows the pro-Habsburg government inHungary , effectively dissolving theAustro-Hungarian Empire .November 9 :Proclamation of German Republic byPhilipp Scheidemann in Berlin on theReichstag balconySignatories to theArmistice of 11 November 1918 with Germany, ending WWI, pose outside Marshal Foch's railway carriage November 11: Front page ofThe New York Times Armistice Day Flag of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes December 4 – PresidentWoodrow Wilson departs by ship to theParis Peace Conference , becoming the first United States President to travel to Europe while holding office.December 5 –Estonian War of Independence : The Britishlight cruiser HMS Cassandra strikes amine and sinks nearSaaremaa in theBaltic Sea , killing 11 sailors.[ 26] December 6 – Amagnitude (Mw ) 7.2 earthquake shakesBritish Columbia .December 14 December 16 –Vincas Mickevičius-Kapsukas declares the formation of theLithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic , apuppet state created by theRussian SFSR to justify theLithuanian–Soviet War .December 17 –Darwin Rebellion in Australia: Disaffected workers march onGovernment House, Darwin , demanding the resignation of theAdministrator of the Northern Territory ,John A. Gilruth .December 20 –Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk returns to the Czechoslovak Republic.December 21 –Estonian War of Independence : TheRed Army capturesTartu ,Estonia .December 25 –Der Stahlhelm, Bund der Frontsoldaten nationalist veterans ' organization.December 27 –Greater Poland Uprising (1918–19) : Poles inGreater Poland (the formerGrand Duchy of Posen ) rise up against the Germans, ignited by a patriotic speech made inPoznań by pianist and politicianIgnacy Jan Paderewski .December 28 –Sinn Féin enjoys a landslide victory in Irish seats in theIrish general election (part of the1918 United Kingdom general election ), following the counting of votes, winning 73 of the 105 seats in Ireland. In accordance with theirmanifesto , Sinn Féin members will not take their seats in thePalace of Westminster but will form theFirst Dáil inDublin . CountessConstance Markievicz , while detained inHolloway Prison (London), becomes the first woman elected to (but does not take her seat in) the BritishHouse of Commons .[ 29] December 31 – A British-brokered ceasefire ends the two weeks of fighting in theGeorgian–Armenian War .
João Figueiredo Gamal Abdel Nasser Gertrude B. Elion Nicolae Ceaușescu January 1 –Patrick Anthony Porteous , Scottish recipient of theVictoria Cross (d.2000 )January 2 –Gudrun Zapf-von Hesse , German typographer, calligrapher and book-binder (d.2019 )January 10 –Arthur Chung , 1stPresident of Guyana (d.2008 )January 11 –Kassim Al-Rimawi , Prime Minister of Jordan (d.1982 )January 15 January 16 –Stirling Silliphant , American writer, producer (d.1996 )[ 30] January 17 January 20 –Juan García Esquivel , Mexican bandleader (d.2002 )January 21 January 22 –Elmer Lach , Canadian ice hockey player (d.2015 )January 23 –Gertrude B. Elion , American scientist, recipient of theNobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d.1999 )[ 32] January 24 –Oral Roberts , American neo-Pentecostal televangelist (d.2009 )January 26 January 27 January 29 January 31 –Millie Dunn Veasey , African-American civil rights activist (d.2018 )Joey Bishop Julian Schwinger February 1 February 2 –Hella Haasse , Dutch writer (d.2011 )February 3 February 4 –Ida Lupino , Anglo-American actress, screenwriter, director and producer (d.1995 )February 6 –Lothar-Günther Buchheim , German author (d.2007 )February 7 –Marguerite Narbel , Swiss biologist and politician (d.2010 )February 8 –Fred Blassie , American professional wrestler, novelty singer (Pencil Neck Geek ) (d.2003 )February 12 –Julian Schwinger , American physicist,Nobel Prize laureate (d.1994 )February 14 –William L. Snyder , American film producer (d.1998 )February 15 –Smilja Avramov , Serbian academic, authority and educator in international law (d.2018 )February 19 –Fay McKenzie , American silent film actress (d.2019 )February 22 February 25 February 26 February 28 –Alfred Burke , English actor (d.2011 )João Goulart James Tobin Elaine de Kooning Frederick Reines Pearl Bailey March 1 March 3 March 4 –Margaret Osborne duPont , American female tennis player (d.2012 )March 5 –James Tobin , American economist,Nobel Memorial Prize laureate (d.2002 )[ 34] March 9 March 10 March 12 March 16 –Frederick Reines , American physicist,Nobel Prize laureate (d.1998 )[ 37] March 17 –Viviane Gauthier , Haitian dancer (d.2017 )March 22 –Cheddi Jagan , 4thPresident of Guyana (d.1997 )March 23 March 28 –Gonzalo Facio Segreda , Costa Rican lawyer, politician, and diplomat (d.2018 )March 29 William Holden Kai Siegbahn Fanny Blankers-Koen April 1 –Diarmuid Larkin , Irish artist and art educationist (d.1989 )April 6 April 7 –Bobby Doerr , American baseball player (d.2017 )April 8 –Betty Ford ,First Lady of the United States (d.2011 )April 9 –Jørn Utzon , Danish architect (d.2008 )April 10 –H. S. Doreswamy , Indian activist, journalist (d.2021 )April 11 –Jean-Claude Servan-Schreiber , French journalist, politician (d.2018 )April 14 –Mary Healy , American actress, variety entertainer and singer (d.2015 )[ 38] April 16 –Spike Milligan , Irish comedian (d.2002 )April 17 April 18 April 20 –Kai Siegbahn , Swedish physicist,Nobel Prize laureate (d.2007 )[ 39] April 26 –Fanny Blankers-Koen , Dutch athlete (d.2004 )April 28 April 29 –Nils Östensson , Swedish Olympic cross-country skier (d.1949 )Mike Wallace Richard Feynman Eddy Arnold Birgit Nilsson Yasuhiro Nakasone Martin Lundstrom May 1 May 4 May 6 May 9 May 11 –Richard Feynman , American physicist,Nobel Prize laureate (d.1988 )[ 41] May 12 –Julius Rosenberg , American-born Soviet spy (d.1953 )May 15 May 16 –Wilf Mannion , English footballer (d.2000 )[ 43] May 17 –Birgit Nilsson , Swedish soprano (d.2005 )[ 44] May 19 –Abraham Pais , Dutch-born American physicist (d.2000 )May 20 –Edward B. Lewis , American geneticist, recipient of theNobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d.2004 )May 23 May 27 –Yasuhiro Nakasone , 45thPrime Minister of Japan (d.2019 )May 28 May 30 –Martin Lundström , Swedish Olympic cross-country skier (d.2016 )May 31 –Margaret Todd , Canadian female golfer (d.2019 )Franco Modigliani June 2 –Kathryn Tucker Windham , American writer, storyteller (d.2011 )June 6 –Edwin G. Krebs , American biochemist, recipient of theNobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d.2009 )June 8 –Robert Preston , American actor (The Music Man ) (d.1987 )June 9 –John Hospers , American philosopher (d.2011 )June 10 –Patachou , French singer (d.2015 )June 11 –Hugo Scheltema , Dutch diplomat (d.1996 )June 15 –François Tombalbaye , 1stPresident of Chad (d.1975 )June 17 June 18 June 21 June 22 June 24 June 26 June 27 June 29 –Heini Lohrer , Swiss ice hockey player (d.2011 )June 30 –Jackie Roberts , Welsh footballer (d.2001 )Ingmar Bergman Bertram Brockhouse Nelson Mandela Paul D. Boyer July 1 July 2 July 3 –Lorenzo Robledo , Spanish actor (d.2006 )July 4 July 5 July 6 July 7 –Jing Shuping , Chinese businessman (d.2009 )July 8 July 9 –Jarl Wahlström , Salvation Army general (d.1999 )July 12 –Mary Glen-Haig , British Olympic fencer (d.2014 )July 13 July 14 July 15 July 16 July 17 –Carlos Manuel Arana Osorio , 35thPresident of Guatemala (d.2003 )July 18 July 20 –Auður Laxness , Icelandic writer, craftsperson (d.2012 )July 21 –Elsa Kobberstad , Norwegian schoolteacher, politician (d.2007 )July 22 –Lila Zali , Georgian-born American prima ballerina (d.2003 )July 24 July 27 –Leonard Rose , American cellist (d.1984 )July 28 –Penaia Ganilau , 1st President of Fiji (d.1993 )July 29 –Edwin O'Connor , American novelist,Pulitzer Prize for Fiction winner (d.1968 )July 31 Bruria Kaufman Frederick Sanger Shankar Dayal Sharma Leonard Bernstein Katherine Johnson Aslam Khan Alejandro Agustín Lanusse August 1 August 2 –Dada Vaswani , Indian spiritual leader (d.2018 )August 3 –Cheng Kaijia , Chinese nuclear physicist and engineer (d.2018 )August 4 –Noel Willman , Irish actor (d.1988 )August 5 August 12 –Guy Gibson , British bomber pilot, leader of the "Dam Busters" raid (d.1944 )August 13 August 19 –Shankar Dayal Sharma , 9thPresident of India (d.1999 )August 20 –Crystal Bennett , British archaeologist, pioneering researcher onJordan (d.1987 )August 21 –Bruria Kaufman , American-born Israeli physicist (d.2010 )August 22 August 23 –Bernard Fisher , American surgeon (d.2019 )August 25 –Leonard Bernstein , American composer, conductor (d.1990 )August 26 August 27 August 28 –Alejandro Agustín Lanusse , 37thPresident of Argentina (d.1996 )August 29 –Clemens C. J. Roothaan , Dutch physicist (d.2019 )August 30 –Ted Williams , American baseball player (d.2002 )August 31 –Alan Jay Lerner , American lyricist, librettist (d.1986 )Chaim Herzog September 1 –Phyllis Wallbank , English educationalist (d.2020 )September 3 –Helen Wagner , American soap opera actress (d.2010 )September 4 –Gerald Wilson , American jazz trumpeter (d.2014 )September 6 –Ludwig Hörmann , German cyclist (d.2001 )September 8 –Derek Barton , British chemist,Nobel Prize laureate (d.1998 )September 9 –Oscar Luigi Scalfaro , 9thPresident of Italy (d.2012 )September 13 –Ray Charles , American musician, singer and songwriter (d.2015 )September 14 –James George , Canadian diplomat (d.2020 )September 15 –Nipsey Russell , American comedian, poet, and dancer (d.2005 )September 16 –Ismail Mohamed Ali , Malaysian politician (d.1998 )September 17 –Chaim Herzog , 6thPresident of Israel 1983–1993 (d.1997 )September 19 –Joseph Zeller , American politician (d.2018 )September 22 –Henryk Szeryng , Polish-born violinist (d.1988 )September 24 –Emerante Morse , Haitian singer, dancer and folklorist (d.2018 )September 26 –Peng Chang-kuei , Taiwanese chef (d.2016 )September 27 –Martin Ryle , English radio astronomer, recipient of theNobel Prize in Physics (d.1984 )September 28 September 30 Jens Christian Skou Robert Walker Rita Hayworth Thelma Coyne Long October 4 –Kenichi Fukui , Japanese chemist,Nobel Prize laureate (d.1998 )October 6 –Goh Keng Swee , former Deputy Prime Minister of Singapore (d.2010 )October 8 –Jens Christian Skou , Danish chemist,Nobel Prize laureate (d.2018 )October 9 October 10 –Gaston Mialaret , French pedagogist and professor (d.2016 )October 13 October 14 –Thelma Coyne Long , Australian tennis player (d.2015 )October 16 October 17 –Rita Hayworth , American actress (d.1987 )October 18 October 19 –Robert S. Strauss , American politician, Democratic National Committee Chairman (d.2014 )October 22 –René de Obaldia , French playwright and poet (d.2022 )October 23 –Augusta Dabney , American actress (d.2008 )October 25 October 26 –Marc Hodler , Swiss lawyer (d.2006 )October 27 October 29 –Diana Serra Cary , American actress (d.2020 )October 31 –Ian Stevenson , American parapsychologist (d.2007 )Billy Graham Spiro Agnew November 1 –Ken Miles , British sports car racing engineer and driver (d.1966 )November 2 –Raimon Panikkar , Spanish theologian (d.2010 )November 3 –Russell B. Long , United States Senator from Louisiana (d.2003 )November 4 November 7 November 8 November 9 November 10 –Ernst Otto Fischer , German chemist,Nobel Prize laureate (d.2007 )November 14 –John Bromwich , Australian tennis player (d.1999 )November 15 –Vittore Bocchetta , Italian sculptor, painter and academic (d.2021 )November 18 –Nicolás Kingman Riofrío , Ecuadorian journalist, writer and politician (d.2018 )November 26 –Patricio Aylwin , 32ndPresident of Chile (d.2016 )November 27 –Borys Paton , Ukrainian scientist (d.2020 )November 29 –Madeleine L'Engle , American author (d.2007 )November 30 –Efrem Zimbalist Jr. , American actor (d.2014 )[ 54] Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn Kurt Waldheim Helmut Schmidt Anwar Sadat December 3 –Abdul Haris Nasution , Indonesian general (d.2000 )December 7 December 8 –Gérard Souzay , French baritone (d.2004 )December 10 –Anatoly Tarasov , Russian ice-hockey player and coach (d.1995 )December 11 –Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn , Russian writer,Nobel Prize laureate (d.2008 )December 12 –Joe Williams , American jazz singer (d.1999 )December 13 –Rosalia Lombardo , Italian child known asThe Sleeping Beauty (d.1920 )[ 55] December 14 –B. K. S. Iyengar , Indianyoga teacher (d.2014 )December 15 –Jeff Chandler , American actor (d.1961 )December 17 December 18 –Joyce Reynolds , English classicist and academic (d.2022 )December 21 December 23 December 24 –Dave Bartholomew , American musician, songwriter and music producer (d.2019 )December 25 December 26 –Georgios Rallis ,Prime Minister of Greece (d.2006 )December 30 –W. Eugene Smith , American photojournalist (d.1978 )
Georg Cantor María Dolores Rodríguez Sopeña Princess Leonilla Bariatinskaya Gustav Klimt SultanAbdul Hamid II February 1 –Princess Leonilla Bariatinskaya , Russian aristocrat (b.1816 )February 2 –John L. Sullivan , American boxer, World Heavyweight Champion (b.1858 )February 4 –Akiyama Saneyuki , Japanese admiral (b.1868 )February 6 –Gustav Klimt , Austrian painter (b.1862 ),Spanish flu February 8 –Louis Renault , French jurist, educator andNobel Prize laureate (b.1843 )February 10 February 11 –Alexey Kaledin , Russian general (suicide) (b.1861 )February 14 –Sir Cecil Spring Rice , British diplomat (b.1859 )February 15 –Vernon Castle , British-born American dancer (b.1887 )February 16 –Károly Khuen-Héderváry , 2-timePrime Minister of Hungary (b.1849 )February 23 Claude Debussy Martin Sheridan Karl Ferdinand Braun Manfred von Richthofen Gavrilo Princip Maria Magdalena Merten Kyrion II of Georgia June 1 –Roderic Dallas , Australian fighter pilot (killed in action) (b.1891 )June 3 – CountRichard von Bienerth-Schmerling , Austrian noble, statesman and former Prime Minister (b.1863 )June 4 –Charles W. Fairbanks ,26th Vice President of the United States (b.1852 )June 10 –Arrigo Boito , Italian poet, composer (b.1842 )June 13 –Grand Duke Michael Romanov (assassinated) (b.1878 )June 15 –Frank Miles Day , American architect (b.1861 )June 16 –Bazil Assan , Romanian engineer and explorer (b.1860 )June 19 –Francesco Baracca , Italian fighter pilot (air crash) (b.1888 )June 26 –Kyrion II of Georgia , GeorgianOrthodox patriarch , Saint (b.1855 )June 27 –Joséphin Péladan , French occultist (b.1858 )SultanMehmed V James McCudden Quentin Roosevelt EmperorNicholas II of Russia Henry Macintosh Marianne Cope George Reid Eduard, Duke of Anhalt Prince Erik, Duke of Vastmanland Mudbir al-Far'un , Arab chieftain, leader of 1913 Euphrates rebellionSeptember 2 –Sir John Forrest , Australian explorer and politician, 1stPremier of Western Australia (b.1847 )September 5 –Nikolay Maklakov , Russian politician, former minister of the Interior (b.1871 )September 6 –Elizabeth Yates , New Zealand politician (b.1845 )September 8 September 12 –Sir George Reid , 4thPrime Minister of Australia (b.1845 )September 13 –Eduard, Duke of Anhalt (b.1861 )September 16 –Maurice Boyau , French World War I fighter ace (killed in action) (b.1888 )September 20 –Prince Erik, Duke of Västmanland (b.1889 ),Spanish flu September 27 –Fritz Rumey , German World War I fighter ace (killed in action) (b.1891 )September 28 September 29 –Frank Luke , American fighter pilot (killed in action) (b.1897 )October 4 –Nikolai Skrydlov , Russian admiral (b.1844 )October 5 October 6 –Arthur O'Hara Wood , Australian tennis champion and fighter pilot (killed in action) (b.1890 )October 7 –Sir Hubert Parry , British composer (b.1848 ),Spanish flu October 8 –Mikhail Alekseyev , Russian general (b.1857 )October 9 –Raymond Duchamp-Villon , French sculptor (b.1876 )October 11 –Wallace Lloyd Algie , Canadian soldier (killed in action) (b.1891 )October 15 –Sai Baba of Shirdi , Indian guru, yogi and National saint of India (b.1838 )October 16 –Felix Arndt , American pianist, composer (b.1889 ),Spanish flu October 18 October 19 October 24 October 25 –Amadeo de Souza Cardoso , Portuguese painter (b.1887 ),Spanish flu October 29 October 31 Wilfred Owen November 1 –Vladimir Vasilyevich Smirnov , Russian general (executed) (b.1849 )November 2 –Hugh Cairns , Canadian soldier (b.1896 )November 4 November 5 November 6 –Alan Arnett McLeod , Canadian soldier (b.1899 ),Spanish flu November 9 November 11 November 12 –Aleksei Evert , Russian general (executed) (b.1857 ; may have died in1926 )November 14 –Matti Lonkainen , Finnish politician (b.1874 )[ 63] November 15 –Sir Robert Anderson , British police officer (b.1841 ),Spanish flu November 19 –Joseph F. Smith , 6th President ofThe Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (b.1838 )November 20 –John Bauer , Swedish painter (b.1882 )November 22 –Rose Cleveland ,de facto First Lady of the United States (b.1846 ),Spanish flu November 23 –Fritz von Below , German general (b.1853 )November 30 –Karl Petrovich Jessen , Russian admiral (b.1852 )Sidónio Pais SultanAli bin Hamud of Zanzibar December 2 –Edmond Rostand , French writer (b.1868 ),Spanish flu December 4 –Princess Teriivaetua ofTahiti (b.1869 ),Spanish flu December 5 –Schalk Willem Burger , Boer military leader, lawyer, politician, statesman, and actingPresident of the South African Republic (1900-1902) (b.1852 )December 9 –Samuel Swett Green , American library pioneer (b.1837 )December 11 –Ivan Cankar , Slovenian writer (b.1876 ),Spanish flu December 13 –Emory Speer , American politician, jurist, and United States district judge from 1885 until 1918 (b.1848 )December 14 –Sidónio Pais , Portuguese politician, general, diplomat, 66thPrime Minister of Portugal and 4thPresident of Portugal (b.1872 ), assassinatedDecember 20 – SultanAli bin Hamud of Zanzibar (b.1884 )December 21 –Prince Konrad of Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Schillingsfürst , Austrian statesman, former Prime Minister (b.1863 )December 28 –Olavo Bilac , Brazilian poet (b.1865 )^ Barry, John M. (2005).The Great Influenza; The Story of the Deadliest Pandemic in History ISBN 978-0143036494 ^ "Historical Concert for the Benefit of Widows and Orphans" .World Digital Library . February 10, 2014. RetrievedJune 22, 2014 .^ Penguin Pocket On This Day . Penguin Reference Library. 2006.ISBN 0-14-102715-0 ^ Engdahl, E. R.; Vallaseñor, A. (2002)."Global seismicity: 1900–1999" (PDF) .International Handbook of Earthquake & Engineering Seismology . Part A, Volume 81A (First ed.).Academic Press . p. 674.ISBN 978-0124406520 ^ Shores, Christopher (1969).Finnish Air Force, 1918–1968 . Reading, Berkshire, UK: Osprey Publications Ltd. p. 3.ISBN 978-0668021210 ^a b 100 years ago today: Reds take Tampere, Finnish Civil War begins –Yle News ^ Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992).The Chronology of British History . London: Century Ltd. pp. 355– 356.ISBN 0-7126-5616-2 ^ Royal Canadian Legion Branch # 138."2-Minute Wave of Silence" Revives a Time-honoured Tradition . Accessed on 5 June 2014. ^ The first was from Allahabad to Naini Junction in India on18 February 1911 , and the second from London to Windsor Castle on22 June 1911 . ^ "Women's Right to Vote in Canada" .lop.parl.ca . RetrievedFebruary 22, 2018 .^ "La Grippe Espagnole de 1918" .Institut Pasteur . Archived fromthe original on June 4, 2011. RetrievedMay 3, 2011 .^ "CROWDS SEE OPENING OF TRADE EXPOSITION; Police Commissioner Enright Receives Keys for City at Formal Opening. PERMANENT SHOW PLANNED Borough President Bruckner Thanks Promoters for Choosing Site in the Bronx" .The New York Times ISSN 0362-4331 . RetrievedOctober 2, 2019 .^ "Carpathia Sunk; 5 of Crew Killed" (PDF) .The New York Times ^ Klim, Jake (2014).Attack on Orleans: The World War I submarine raid on Cape Cod . The History Press.ISBN 9781625850348 OCLC 883673275 . ^ David S. 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RetrievedDecember 27, 2023 .^ [On the life and work of Korbinian Brodmann (1868–1918)] ^ "Person: Lonkainen, Matti" .War Victims of Finland 1914–1922 National Archives of Finland . RetrievedDecember 16, 2023 .^ "These Nobel Prize Winners Weren't Always Noble" .National Geographic News . October 6, 2015. Archived fromthe original on August 8, 2020. RetrievedJanuary 19, 2021 .Chandra, Siddharth, Julia Christensen, and Shimon Likhtman. "Connectivity and seasonality: the 1918 influenza and COVID-19 pandemics in global perspective."Journal of Global History 15.3 (2020): 408–420. Phillips, Howard. "’17,’18,’19: religion and science in three pandemics, 1817, 1918, and 2019."Journal of Global History 15.3 (2020): 434–443. Williams, John.The Other Battleground The Home Fronts: Britain, France and Germany 1914-1918 (1972) pp 243–92. Primary sources and year books [ edit ]
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