Calendar year
Calendar year
January 4 : In England, thePalace of Whitehall is destroyed by fire.June 22 : Executions of 57 leaders of theStreltsy uprising begin in Russia and last for seven days (1881 painting byVasily Surikov )1698 (MDCXCVIII ) was acommon year starting on Wednesday of theGregorian calendar and acommon year starting on Saturday of theJulian calendar , the 1698th year of theCommon Era (CE) andAnno Domini 2nd millennium , the 98th year of the17th century , and the 9th year of the1690s decade. As of the start of 1698, the Gregorian calendar was 10 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
Calendar year
January 1 – TheAbenaki tribe andMassachusetts colonists sign a treaty, ending the conflict inNew England .January 4 – ThePalace of Whitehall inLondon ,England is destroyed by fire.[ 1] January 23 –George Louis becomesElector of Hanover upon the death of his father,Ernest Augustus . Because the widow of Ernest Augustus, George's motherSophia , was heiress presumptive as the cousin ofAnne, Queen of Great Britain , and Anne's closest eligible heir, George will become King of Great Britain.January 30 –William Kidd , who initially seized foreign ships under authority as a privateer for the British Empire before becoming apirate , becomes an outlaw and uses his ship, theAdventure Galley Quedagh Merchant India .February 17 – TheMaratha Empire fort atGingee falls after a siege of almost nine years by theMughal Empire as King Rajaram escapes to safety. GeneralSwarup Singh Bundela , who led the scaling of the fortress walls and Gingee's capture, is rewarded by Mughal EmperorAurangzeb with command of the area.[ 2] March 8 – TheSociety for Promoting Christian Knowledge , the oldest Anglican mission organization in the world, is founded by English clergymanThomas Bray and four other people atLincoln's Inn inLondon , along with SirHumphrey Mackworth ,Maynard Colchester ,Lord Guilford andJohn Hooke .March April 1 – Scottish pirateWilliam Kidd and his crew arrive atÎle Sainte-Marie off of the coast ofMadagascar in Kidd'sAdventure Galley Quedagh Merchant Rouparelle . Upon arrival, all but 13 of Kidd's crew desert to work for another pirate,Robert Culliford . TheAdventure Galley , which is leaking and falling apart, sinks and theRouparelle is sunk by the deserters. Kidd and his 13 henchmen depart onQuedah Merchant .April 10 – A total solar eclipse is visible in central America.[ 3] May 1 – TheBanishment Act of 1697 goes into effect for Roman Catholic church officials inIreland , having been the deadline for all "popish archbishops, bishops, vicars general, deans, jesuits, monks, friars, and other regular popish clergy" to have reported to Irish ports for deportation. Re-entry to Ireland after May 4, 1698, is a criminal offense with a penalty of 12 months imprisonment and expulsion, while a second re-entry is punishable by death as treason.May 4 – At the imperial capital atInwa ,Sanay Min of theToungoo dynasty becomes the newKing of Burma upon the death of his father,Minye Kyawhtin .May 17 – The British Royal Navy shipHMSHastings , a 32-gun fifth rate, is launched.June 20 –An earthquake of magnitude 7.2–7.9 damages an extended region aroundAmbato, Ecuador , including the Tungurahua, Cotopaxi and Chimborazo provinces. Ambato and Latacunga are completely destroyed and several thousand casualties are reported.[ 4] June 21 –John Churchill, Earl of Marlborough is reinstated in the English Army, with readmission to the Privy Council by King William III. On July 26, he is selected as one of the Lords Justice.[ 5] June 22 – The executions of 57 leaders of theStreltsy uprising begin and continue until June 28.[ 6] June 24 – TheTrade with Africa Act 1697 goes into effect inEnglish overseas possessions , ending the monopoly of theRoyal African Company (RAC) on thetriangular trade by opening it to any English merchants who pay a 10 percent fee to the RAC.October 11 – TheTreaty of the Hague is signed between theDutch Republic , England and France.[ 10] October 24 – Iberville andBienville sail fromBrest to theGulf of Mexico , to defend the southern borders ofNew France .[ 11] November 2 – TheDarien scheme Scottish settlers land in Panama and establish their ill-fated colony; 80% of them would die within the first year.November 14 The firstEddystone Lighthouse , built offPlymouth , England, is illuminated. The Spanish king Carlos names his grandson Jozef Ferdinand as his heir. November 16 – A congress begins inSremski Karlovci to discuss a treaty between theOttoman Empire and theHoly League .November – Tani Jinzan,astronomer andcalendar scholar, observes a fire destroy Tosa (nowKōchi ) in Japan at the same time as aLeonid meteor shower , taking it as evidence to reinforce belief in the "Theory of Areas".December 8 – KingWilliam III of England issues a proclamation of "our most gracious pardon unto all such pirates in the East Indies, viz., all eastward of theCape of Good Hope , who shall surrender themselves for piracies or robberies committed by them upon sea or land" before April 30, 1699, to CaptainThomas Warren , but specifically "exceptingHenry Every , alias Bridgman, andWilliam Kidd .[ 12] December 9 –Francis Nicholson becomes the newBritish colonial governor of Virginia , succeeding SirEdmund Andros .[ 13] December 12 –Mombasa (referred to at the time as Fort Jesus, and now part ofKenya ) falls under control of the Emirate ofOman , with Imam Sa'if ibn Sultan as the first Omani Governor.Pietro Metastasio born3 January Giovanni Battista de' Rossi born22 February Lady Jane Douglas born17 March Prokop Diviš born26 March Steven Hoogendijk born1 April Henry Baker (naturalist) born8 May Weliwita Sri Saranankara Thero born19 June Jean-Michel Chevotet born11 July Giacomo Ceruti born13 October Ange-Jacques Gabriel born23 October Paul Troger born30 October January 1 –Leonardo VII Tocco , Italian noble, the Prince of Montemiletto and the titular Prince of Achaea (d.1776 )January 3 –Metastasio , (b. Pietro Antonio Domenico Trapassi), Italian poet and opera librettist (d.1782 )January 7 –Thomas Southwell, 2nd Baron Southwell , Irish peer, politician and freemason (d.1766 )January 21 –Auguste Louise of Württemberg-Oels , Duchess of Württemberg-Oels by birth and by marriage Duchess of Saxe-Weissenfels-Barby (d.1739 )February 4 –Heinrich August de la Motte Fouqué , Prussian Lieutenant general and General der Infanterie and a confidant of King Frederick the Great (d.1774 )February 5 –Germain-François Poullain de Saint-Foix , 18th-century French writer and playwright (d.1776 )February 7 –Nicolas Sarrabat , French mathematician and scientist (d.1739 )February 16 February 19 –William FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Cleveland , English nobleman (d.1774 )February 20 February 22 –Giovanni Battista de' Rossi , Italian Roman Catholic priest (d.1764 )February 23 –Thomas Bladen , colonial governor in North America and British MP (d.1780 )February 28 –Sigismund von Schrattenbach , Prince-Archbishop of Salzburg (d.1771 )March 6 –Johannes Alberti , Dutch theologian (d.1762 )March 17 –Lady Jane Douglas , Scottish noblewoman (d.1753 )March 26 –Václav Prokop Diviš , Czech priest, scientist and inventor (d.1765 )April 1 –Steven Hoogendijk , Rotterdam watch and instrument maker and physicist (d.1788 )April 2 –Henry Edgar , Scottish Episcopal minister, Bishop of Fife from 1762 to 1765 (d.1765 )April 5 –Anne Hamilton, 2nd Countess of Ruglen , Scottish noblewoman (d.1748 )April 19 –Daniel Gerdes , German Calvinist theologian and historian (d.1765 )April 28 –John Phillipson , British Navy administrator, commissioner, MP for over 20 years (d.1756 )May 1 –Francesco Robba , Italian sculptor (d.1757 )May 8 –Henry Baker , British naturalist (d.1774 )May 10 May 11 –Pierre Contant d'Ivry , French architect and designer (d.1777 )May 17 May 22 –Lord William Beauclerk , British army officer and politician (d.1733 )May 24 –John, Count Palatine of Gelnhausen (d.1780 )June 2 –Henry Miles , English Dissenting minister, scientific writer, Fellow of the Royal Society (d.1763 )June 15 –George Browne , Irish soldier of fortune in Russian service (d.1792 )June 19 June 22 –Charles-Hugues Le Febvre de Saint-Marc , 18th-century French playwright and homme de lettres (d.1769 )June 23 –Lord Nassau Powlett , English army officer and MP (d.1741 )July 8 –Nicolò Maria Antonelli , Italian Cardinal in the Roman Catholic Church (d.1767 )July 11 July 17 –Pierre Louis Moreau de Maupertuis , French mathematician (d.1759 )July 19 July 24 –František Jiránek , Czech (Bohemian) Baroque composer (d.1778 )August 18 –Samuel Klingenstierna , Swedish mathematician and scientist (d.1765 )August 20 –Louis Fornel , Canadian merchant (d.1745 )August 24 –Erik Pontoppidan , Danish author (d.1764 )August 29 September 6 –Jean Thurel , French soldier (d.1807 )September 8 September 14 –Charles François de Cisternay du Fay , French chemist and superintendent of the Jardin du Roi (d.1739 )September 15 –Pier Francesco Guala , Italian painter (d.1757 )September 23 –Lewis Morris , colonial American judge (d.1762 )September 26 –William Cavendish, 3rd Duke of Devonshire , British nobleman, Whig politician and MP (d.1755 )September 28 –Joachim Christian von Tresckow , Prussian Lieutenant General (d.1762 )October 6 –François-Bernard Lépicié , 18th-century French engraver (d.1755 )October 7 –Henry Madin , French composer at the Chapelle royale (d.1748 )October 12 –Jean Paul Timoléon de Cossé-Brissac , Marshal of France (d.1784 )October 13 –Giacomo Ceruti , Italian late Baroque painter (d.1767 )October 23 October 30 November 4 –Caleb Fleming , English dissenting minister and Polemicist (d.1779 )November 6 –Sir Alexander Lauder, 4th Baronet (d.1730 )November 8 –Alberico Archinto , Italian cardinal and papal diplomat (d.1758 )November 10 –Maria Taylor Byrd , colonial woman who managed her and her husband William Byrd II's Westover Plantation when he was absent (d.1771 )November 22 –Pierre de Rigaud, marquis de Vaudreuil-Cavagnial , Canadian-born colonial governor of French Canada in North America (d.1778 )November 23 –Jacob Johann Köhler , Estonian printer who published the first Estonian-language Bible in 1739 (d.1757 )November 24 –Charles Douglas, 3rd Duke of Queensberry , Scottish nobleman, extensive landowner, Privy Counsellor, Vice Admiral of Scotland (d.1778 )November 28 –Charlotta Frölich , Swedish agronomist (d.1770 )December 2 –Oliver Legipont , German Benedictine bibliographer (d.1758 )December 6 –Anthony Mooyart , acting Governor of Ceylon during the Dutch period in Ceylon (d.1767 )December 9 –Mark Hiddesley , Anglican churchman (d.1773 )December 20 –Paul Fourdrinier , English engraver (d.1758 )December 21 –Philip Wharton, 1st Duke of Wharton , powerful Jacobite politician (d.1731 )December 24 –William Warburton , English critic and Bishop of Gloucester (d.1779 )December 25 –Jacobus Houbraken , Dutch engraver and the son of the artist and biographer Arnold Houbraken (d.1780 )December 26 –Filippo della Valle , Italian late-Baroque or early Neoclassic sculptor (d.1768 )December 27 –Vlaho Kabužić , Ragusan nobleman and diplomat (d.1750 )date unknown Moyse Charas died17 January Mechtilde of the Blessed Sacrament died6 April Jacob ben Aaron Sasportas died15 April Elizabeth Maitland, Duchess of Lauderdale died5 June Jai Singh of Mewar died23 September Louis de Buade de Frontenac died28 November January 10 –Louis-Sébastien Le Nain de Tillemont , French ecclesiastical historian (b.1637 )January 15 January 17 –Moyse Charas , apothecary in France during the reign of Louis XIV (b.1619 )January 20 –Giannicolò Conti , Roman Catholic cardinal (b.1617 )January 22 –Frederick Casimir Kettler ,Duke of Courland and Semigallia (b.1650 )January 23 –Ernest Augustus, Elector of Brunswick-Lüneburg (b.1629 )February 9 –Francis Bernard , English apothecary (b.1628 )February 16 –Sir James Rushout, 1st Baronet , English politician (b.1644 )February 21 –Rowland Thomas , English colonist of Springfield, Massachusetts, selectman, stonemason, surveyor, and proprietor (b.1621 )March 2 –Jacques Quétif , French Dominican and noted bibliographer (b.1618 )March 6 –Philip Sidney, 3rd Earl of Leicester , English politician (b.1619 )March 14 –Claes Rålamb , Swedish statesman (b.1622 )March 16 –Leonora Christina Ulfeldt , Danish countess (b.1621 )[ 14] April 6 –Mechtilde of the Blessed Sacrament , French nun (b.1614 )April 9 –Charles d'Albert d'Ailly , French diplomat (b.1625 )April 11 –Charles Morton , Cornish nonconformist minister (b.1627 )April 15 –Jacob ben Aaron Sasportas , Rabbi, Kabbalist, anti-Shabbethaian (b.1610 )April 29 –Charles Cornwallis, 3rd Baron Cornwallis , First Lord of the British Admiralty (b.1655 )May 4 –Minye Kyawhtin , king of Toungoo dynasty of Burma (Myanmar) (b.1651 )May 15 –Marie Champmeslé , French actress (b.1642 )May 19 –Vere Fane, 5th Earl of Westmorland (b.1678 )May 24 –William Blundell of Crosby , English Royalist landowner and topographer (b.1620 )June 5 June 10 –Gerrit Berckheyde , Dutch Golden Age painter (b.1638 )June 11 –Balthasar Bekker , Dutch minister and author of philosophical and theological works (b.1634 )June 29 –Paluzzo Paluzzi Altieri degli Albertoni , Italian Catholic Cardinal and Cardinal-Nephew to Pope Clement X (b.1623 )June 30 –Charles Cheyne, 1st Viscount Newhaven , English Member of Parliament (b.1625 )July 11 –Antonio Molinari , Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of Lettere-Gragnano (1676–1698) (b.1626 )July 13 –Charles Somerset, Marquess of Worcester , English nobleman and politician (b.1660 )July 18 –Johann Heinrich Heidegger , Swiss theologian (b.1633 )July 29 –Bartolomeo Gradenigo , Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of Brescia (1682–1698) (b.1636 )August 14 –Francisco de Aguiar y Seijas , Spanish cleric and bishop (b.1632 )August 25 –Fleetwood Sheppard , English poet (b.1634 )August 31 –Miguel Jerónimo de Molina , Spanish prelate and bishop (b.1638 )September 23 –Jai Singh of Mewar , Maharana of Mewar from 1680 to 1698 (b.1653 )October 11 –William Molyneux , Irish philosopher and writer (b.1656 )October 23 –David Klöcker Ehrenstrahl , German artist (b.1628 )October 24 –Daniel de Rémy de Courcelle , Canadian politician (b.1626 )November 4 –Rasmus Bartholin , Danish physician and grammarian (b.1625 )November 10 –John George II, Duke of Saxe-Eisenach (b.1665 )November 13 –Johann, Count of Leiningen-Dagsburg-Falkenburg , German nobleman (b.1662 )November 20 –Giovanni Battista De Pace , Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of Capaccio (1684–1698) (b.1627 )November 23 –César-Pierre Richelet , French grammarian and lexicographer (b.1626 )November 28 –Louis de Buade de Frontenac , Governor of New France (b.1622 )December 1 –Ferdinand Joseph, Prince of Dietrichstein , German prince (b.1636 )December 7 –Andrea Guarneri , Italian luthier (b.1626 )December 9 –José González Blázquez , Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of Plasencia (1695–1698) (b.1630 )December 16 –Simone Pignoni , Italian painter (b.1611 )December 26 –Wolfgang Julius, Count of Hohenlohe-Neuenstein , German field marshal and the last count of Hohenlohe-Neuenstein (b.1622 )date unknown in fiction –Mircalla Karnstein , Countess of Karnstein (b.1680 )^ "Fires, Great", inThe Insurance Cyclopeadia: Being an Historical Treasury of Events and Circumstances Connected with the Origin and Progress of Insurance , Cornelius Walford, ed. (C. and E. Layton, 1876) p48 ^ "Gingee I 1689—1698 Mughal—Maratha Wars", inDictionary of Battles and Sieges , ed. by Tony Jacques (Greenwood Press, 2007) p. 395 ^ "Total Solar Eclipse of 1698 Apr 10" .EclipseWise.com . RetrievedSeptember 19, 2022 .^ Beauval, Céline; Yepes, Hugo; Bakun, William H.; Egred, José; Alvarado, Alexandra; Singaucho, Juan-Carlos (June 2010)."Locations and magnitudes of historical earthquakes in the Sierra of Ecuador (1587–1996)" .Geophysical Journal International .181 (3):1613– 1633.Bibcode :2010GeoJI.181.1613B .doi :10.1111/j.1365-246X.2010.04569.x S2CID 4617325 . ^ C. T. Atkinson,Marlborough and the Rise of the British Army (G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1921) p. 150 ^ V. I. Buganov,Moscow uprisings of the late 17th century (Nauka, 1969) p.399 ^a b Members of Parliament Return to Two Orders of the Honourable the House of Commons. Parliaments of England, 1213-1702 (House of Commons, 1878) pp. 589-595^ Carlyle, E. I. (2004)."Savery, Thomas (1650?–1715)" Oxford Dictionary of National Biography doi :10.1093/ref:odnb/24733 . RetrievedNovember 5, 2011 . (Subscription orUK public library membership required.) ^ "Charters Granted to the Second East India Company", inA Collection of Charters and Statutes Relating to the East India Company (Eyre and Strahan, 1817) p. vii ^ Cates, William L. R. (1863).The Pocket Date Book ^ O’Neill, C. E. (1974)."Le Moyne de Bienville, Jean-Baptiste" . In Halpenny, Francess G (ed.).Dictionary of Canadian Biography University of Toronto Press . ^ Arthur M. Harris, "Pirate Tales from the Law" (Little, Brown and Company, 1923) pp. 47-48 ^ R. A. Brock,Virginia and Virginians: Eminent Virginians (Clearfield Press, 1888) p.10 ^ Lund, Emil Ferdinand Svitzer (1897)."Leonora Christina, Grevinde Ulfeld" .Danske malede portraetter: en beskrivende katalog (in Danish). Vol. 2. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. pp. 193– 203. 
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