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954

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Calendar year

954 in variouscalendars
Gregorian calendar	954 CMLIV
Ab urbe condita	1707
Armenian calendar	403 ԹՎ ՆԳ
Assyrian calendar	5704
Balinese saka calendar	875–876
Bengali calendar	360–361
Berber calendar	1904
Buddhist calendar	1498
Burmese calendar	316
Byzantine calendar	6462–6463
Chinese calendar	癸丑年 (Water Ox) 3651 or 3444 — to — 甲寅年 (Wood Tiger) 3652 or 3445
Coptic calendar	670–671
Discordian calendar	2120
Ethiopian calendar	946–947
Hebrew calendar	4714–4715
Hindu calendars
-Vikram Samvat	1010–1011
-Shaka Samvat	875–876
-Kali Yuga	4054–4055
Holocene calendar	10954
Iranian calendar	332–333
Islamic calendar	342–343
Japanese calendar	Tenryaku 8 (天暦８年)
Javanese calendar	854–855
Julian calendar	954 CMLIV
Korean calendar	3287
Minguo calendar	958 beforeROC 民前958年
Nanakshahi calendar	−514
Seleucid era	1265/1266AG
Thai solar calendar	1496–1497
Tibetan calendar	ཆུ་མོ་གླང་ལོ་ (female Water-Ox) 1080 or 699 or −73 — to — ཤིང་ཕོ་སྟག་ལོ་ (male Wood-Tiger) 1081 or 700 or −72

Chieftain Bulcsú as depicted in1654.

Year954 (CMLIV) was acommon year starting on Sunday of theJulian calendar.

Events

By place

Europe

Spring – AHungarian army led byBulcsú crosses theRhine. He camps atWorms in the capital of his allyConrad the Red, duke ofLorraine. Bulcsú heads west, attacking the domains of KingOtto I, by crossing the riversMoselle andMaas.^[1]
April 6–10 – The Hungarians besiegeCambrai and burn its suburbs, but they are unable to conquer the city. One of Bulcsú's relatives is killed by the defenders, who refuse to pass his body over to the Hungarians. As a revenge, they kill all their captives.
The Hungarians plunder the regions ofHesbaye andCarbonaria (modernBelgium). They plunder and burn the monastery ofSaint Lambert fromHainaut, the monastery ofMoorsel, sack the cities ofGembloux andTournai.
Summer – The Hungarians plunder the surroundings ofLaon,Reims,Chalon,Metz, andGorze. After that, they return toBurgundy. InProvence, the Hungarians battle with theMoors from the Muslim enclave ofFraxinet.^[2]
September 10 – KingLouis IV (d'Outremer) dies after ahunting accident (near his palace inCorbeny). He is succeeded by his 13-year-old sonLothair III under the guardianship ofHugh the Great, count ofParis.
November 12 – Lothair III is crowned byArtald, archbishop of Reims, at theAbbey of Saint-Remi as king of theWest Frankish Kingdom. His mother, QueenGerberga of Saxony, appoints Hugh the Great asregent.^[3]
Winter – At theReichstag inAuerstedt assembled by Otto I, his sonLiudolf (duke ofSwabia) and Conrad the Red submit to Otto's rule. They are stripped of their duchies, but several rebel nobles continue to resist.^[4]

British Isles

KingEric I (Bloodaxe) is killed atStainmore allowing KingEadred to recoverYork,^[5] reunitingNorthumbria with that of AllEngland. High-ReeveOsulf I of Bamburgh is appointedealdorman ("earl") of Northumbria.
KingMalcolm I is killed in battle against the Northmen after an 11-year reign. He is succeeded byIndulf, the son of the late KingConstantine II, as ruler ofAlba (Scotland).

By topic

Religion

DukeAlberic II,princeps and ruler ofRome, dies after a 22-year reign. On his deathbed he nominates his sonOctavianus as his successor.
Seborga (modern-dayLiguria) comes under the jurisdiction of theBenedictine monks of Santo Onorato ofLérins.

Births

Fujiwara no Yoshitaka, Japanesewaka poet (d.974)
Malcolm II, king ofAlba (Scotland) (approximate date)
Ōnakatomi no Sukechika, Japanese wakapoet (d.1038)
Otto I, duke ofSwabia andBavaria (d.982)
Wang Yucheng, Chinese official andpoet (d.1001)

Deaths

January 25 –Ashot II, prince ofTao-Klarjeti (Georgia)
February 22 –Guo Wei, emperor of theLater Zhou (b.904)
May 21 –Feng Dao, Chinese prince andchancellor (b.882)
September 10 –Louis IV, king of theWest Frankish Kingdom
Abul-Aish Ahmad, Idrisid ruler andsultan (Morocco)
Alberic II,princeps and duke ofSpoleto (b.912)
Cellachán Caisil, king ofMunster (Ireland)
Eric I (Bloodaxe), NorwegianViking king
Frederick, archbishop (elector) ofMainz
Fujiwara no Onshi, empress ofJapan (b.885)
Li, Chinese empress dowager of theLater Han
Liu Chong, founder of theNorthern Han
Malcolm I, king of Alba (Scotland)
Nuh ibn Nasr, Samanidemir

References

^Bóna, István (2000).The Hungarians and Europe in the 9th-10th centuries. Budapest: Historia - MTA Történettudományi Intézete, pp. 51-52.ISBN 963-8312-67-X.
^Ballan, Mohammad (2010). Fraxinetum: An Islamic Frontier State in Tenth-Century Provence. Comitatus: A journal of Medieval and Renaissance Studies, Volume 41, 2010, p. 31.
^The Annals of Flodoard of Reims, 916–966, eds & trans. Steven Fanning: Bernard S. Bachrach (New York; Ontario, Can: University of Toronto Press, 2011), p. 60.
^Timothy Reuter (1999).The New Cambridge Medieval History, Volume III, p. 247.ISBN 978-0-521-36447-8.
^Williams, Hywel (2005).Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 95–104.ISBN 978-0-304-35730-7.

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