1933–1935 U.S. Congress
The73rd United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of theUnited States Senate and theUnited States House of Representatives . It met inWashington, D.C. from March 4, 1933, to January 3, 1935, during the first two years ofFranklin D. Roosevelt's presidency .[ 1] [ 2] 20th Amendment , the duration of this Congress, along with the term of office of those elected to it, was shortened by 60 days. The apportionment of seats in theHouse of Representatives was based on the1930 United States census .
TheDemocrats greatly increased their majority in the House, and won control of the Senate for the first time since the65th Congress in 1917. WithFranklin D. Roosevelt being sworn in aspresident on March 4, 1933, this gave the Democrats an overall federal governmenttrifecta , also for the first time since the 65th Congress.
The first session of Congress, known as the "Hundred Days ", took place before the regular seating and was called by President Roosevelt specifically to pass two acts:
March 9, 1933: TheEmergency Banking Act (ch. 1, 48 Stat. 1 ) was enacted within four hours of its introduction. It was prompted by the "bank holiday " and was the first step in Roosevelt's "first hundred days " of theNew Deal . The Act was drafted in large part by officials appointed by theHoover administration. The bill provided for theTreasury Department to initiatereserve requirements and a federal bailout to large failing institutions. It also removed the United States from theGold Standard . Allbanks had to undergo a federal inspection to deem if they were stable enough to re-open. Within a week 1/3 of the banks re-opened in the United States and faith was, in large part, restored in the banking system. The act had few opponents, only taking fire from the farthest left elements of Congress who wanted tonationalize banks altogether. March 20, 1933: TheEconomy Act of 1933 . Roosevelt, in sending this act to Congress, warned that if it did not pass, the country faced a billion-dollardeficit . The act balanced the federal budget by cutting the salaries of government employees and cutting pensions to veterans by as much as 15 percent. It intended to reassure the deficit hawks that the new president was fiscally conservative. Although the act was heavily protested by left-leaning members of congress, it passed by an overwhelming margin. President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs the Tennessee Valley Authority Act The session also passed several other major pieces of legislation:
March 31, 1933: TheCivilian Conservation Corps Reforestation Relief Act (ch. 17, 48 Stat. 22 ) established theCivilian Conservation Corps (CCC) as a means to combatunemployment andpoverty . May 12, 1933: TheAgricultural Adjustment Act (ch. 25, 48 Stat. 31 ) was part of a plan developed by Roosevelt'sSecretary of Agriculture ,Henry A. Wallace , and was designed to protect Americanfarmers from the uncertainties of the depression through subsidies and production controls. The act laid the frame for long-term government control in the planning of the agricultural sector. In 1936 the act was ruled unconstitutional by theUnited States Supreme Court because it taxed one group to pay for another. May 12, 1933: TheFederal Emergency Relief Act (ch. 30, 48 Stat. 55 ) established theFederal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA) which develop public works projects to give work to the unemployed. May 18, 1933: TheTennessee Valley Authority Act (ch. 32, 48 Stat. 58 ) created the Tennessee Valley Authority to relieve theTennessee Valley by a series of public works projects. June 5, 1933: TheSecurities Act of 1933 (ch. 38, 48 Stat. 74 ) established theSecurities Exchange Commission (SEC) as a way for the government to prevent a repeat of theStock Market Crash of 1929 . June 12, 1933: TheGlass–Steagall Act of 1933 (ch. 89, 48 Stat. 162 ) was a follow-up to theGlass–Steagall Act of 1932 . Both acts sought to make banking safer and less prone to speculation. The 1933 act, however, established theFederal Deposit Insurance Corporation . June 16, 1933: TheNational Industrial Recovery Act ("NIRA", ch. 90, 48 Stat. 195 ) was an anti-deflation scheme promoted by theChamber of Commerce that reversedanti-trust laws and permit trade associations to cooperate in stabilizing prices within their industries while making businesses ensure that the incomes of workers would rise along with their prices. It guaranteed to workers of the right of collective bargaining and helped spur major union organizing drives in major industries. In case consumer buying power lagged behind, thereby defeating the administration's initiatives, the NIRA created thePublic Works Administration (PWA), a major program of public works spending designed to alleviate unemployment, and moreover to transfer funds to certain beneficiaries. The NIRA established the most important, but ultimately least successful provision: a new federal agency known as theNational Recovery Administration (NRA), which attempted to stabilize prices and wages through cooperative "code authorities" involving government, business, and labor. The NIRA was seen hailed as a miracle, responding to the needs of labor, business, unemployment, and the deflation crisis. The "sick chicken case " led to the Supreme Court invalidating NIRA in 1935. March 24, 1934: TheTydings–McDuffie Act (Pub. L. 73–127 , 48 Stat. 456 ) provided for self-government for theCommonwealth of the Philippines and a pathway to independence. June 6, 1934: TheSecurities Exchange Act of 1934 (ch. 404, 48 Stat. 881 ) grew out of theSecurities Act of 1933 and regulated participation in financial markets. June 6, 1934: TheNational Firearms Act of 1934 (ch. 757, 48 Stat. 1236 ) regulated machine guns, short-barreled rifles and shotguns. June 19, 1934:Communications Act of 1934 (ch. 652, 48 Stat. 1064 ,Pub. L. 73–416 ) Constitutional amendments [ edit ] [ edit ] The Senate Munitions Committee came into existence solely for the purpose of this hearing. Although World War I had been over for sixteen years, there were revived reports that America's leading munition companies had effectively influenced the United States into that conflict, which killed 53,000 Americans, hence the companies' nickname "Merchants of Death ".
The Democratic Party, controlling the Senate for the first time since the first world war, used the hype of these reports to organize the hearing in hopes ofnationalizing America's munitions industry. The Democrats chose a Republican renowned for his ardentisolationist policies, Senator Gerald P. Nye of North Dakota, to head the hearing. Nye was typical ofwestern agrarian progressives , and adamantly opposed America's involvement in any foreign war. Nye declared at the opening of the hearing "when the Senate investigation is over, we shall see that war and preparation for war is not a matter of national honor and national defense, but a matter of profit for the few."
Over the next 18 months, the "Nye Committee " (asnewspapers called it) held 93 hearings, questioning more than 200 witnesses, includingJ.P. Morgan Jr. andPierre du Pont . Committee members found little hard evidence of an active conspiracy among arms makers, yet the panel's reports did little to weaken the popular prejudice against "greedy munitions interests."
The hearings overlapped the 73rd and74th Congresses. They only came to an end after Chairman Nye provoked the Democratic caucus into cutting off funding. Nye, in the last hearing the Committee held in early 1936, attacked former Democratic PresidentWoodrow Wilson , suggesting that Wilson had withheld essential information from Congress as it considered adeclaration of war . Democratic leaders, includingAppropriations Committee ChairmanCarter Glass ofVirginia , unleashed a furious response against Nye for "dirtdaubing thesepulcher of Woodrow Wilson." Standing before cheering colleagues in a packed Senate chamber, Glass slammed his fist onto his desk in protest until blood dripped from his knuckles, effectively prompting the Democratic caucus to withhold all funding for further hearings.
Although the "Nye Committee" failed to achieve its goal of nationalizing the arms industry, it inspired three congressional neutrality acts in the mid-1930s that signaled profound American opposition to overseas involvement.
For details, seeChanges in membership
There were 48 states with two senators per state, thus giving the Senate 96 seats. Membership changed with four deaths, one resignation, and two appointees who were replaced by electees.
Party(shading indicates majority caucus)
Total Democratic Farmer–Labor Progressive Republican Vacant End ofprevious Congress 46 1 0 48 95 1 Begin (March 4, 1933) 58 1 0 36 95 1 March 11, 1933 35 94 2 March 13, 1933 59 95 1 May 24, 1933 60 96 0 June 24, 1933 59 95 1 October 6, 1933 34 94 2 October 10, 1933 60 95 1 November 3, 1933 59 94 2 November 21, 1933 35 95 1 January 1, 1934 60 96 0 Final voting share Beginning ofnext Congress 70 1 1 23 95 1
House of Representatives [ edit ] Membership changed with twelve deaths and three resignations.
Party(shading indicates majority caucus)
Total Democratic Farmer–Labor Progressive Republican Vacant End ofprevious Congress 220 1 0 206 428 8 Begin (March 4, 1933) 311 5 0 117 433 2 April 22, 1933 312 434 1 April 29, 1933 311 433 2 May 12, 1933 310 432 3 May 17, 1933 309 431 4 June 19, 1933 308 430 5 June 22, 1933 307 429 6 June 24, 1933 308 430 5 July 5, 1933 309 431 4 August 27, 1933 116 430 5 September 23, 1933 308 429 6 October 3, 1933 309 430 5 October 19, 1933 115 429 6 November 5, 1933 114 428 7 November 7, 1933 310 429 6 November 14, 1933 311 430 5 November 28, 1933 312 431 4 December 19, 1933 313 113 December 28, 1933 114 432 3 January 16, 1934 115 433 2 January 30, 1934 116 434 1 April 1, 1934 312 433 2 May 1, 1934 313 434 1 May 29, 1934 115 433 2 June 8, 1934 312 432 3 July 7, 1934 313 433 2 August 19, 1934 312 432 3 August 22, 1934 309 431 4 September 30, 1934 113 427 8 Final voting share 72.4% 1.2% 0.0% 26.4% Beginning ofnext Congress 322 3 7 102 435 1
Section contents: Senate :Majority (D) ,Minority (R) •House :Majority (D) ,Minority (R)
[ edit ] [ edit ] House of Representatives [ edit ] [ edit ] [ edit ] Senators are popularly elected statewide every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below areSenate class numbers , which indicate the cycle of their election, In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1934; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1936; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1938.
▌ 2.John H. Bankhead II (D)▌ 3.Hugo Black (D)▌ 1.Henry F. Ashurst (D)▌ 3.Carl Hayden (D)▌ 2.Joseph Taylor Robinson (D)▌ 3.Hattie Caraway (D)▌ 1.Hiram W. Johnson (R)▌ 2.William G. McAdoo (D)▌ 2.Edward P. Costigan (D)▌ 3.Alva B. Adams (D)▌ 1.Frederic C. Walcott (R)▌ 3.Augustine Lonergan (D)▌ 1.John G. Townsend Jr. (R)▌ 2.Daniel O. Hastings (R)▌ 1.Park Trammell (D)▌ 3.Duncan U. Fletcher (D)▌ 2.Walter F. George (D)▌ 3.Richard B. Russell Jr. (D)▌ 2.William E. Borah (R)▌ 3.James P. Pope (D)▌ 2.James Hamilton Lewis (D)▌ 3.William H. Dieterich (D)▌ 1.Arthur R. Robinson (R)▌ 3.Frederick Van Nuys (D)▌ 2.Lester J. Dickinson (R)▌ 3.Richard L. Murphy (D)▌ 2.Arthur Capper (R)▌ 3.George McGill (D)▌ 2.Marvel M. Logan (D)▌ 3.Alben W. Barkley (D)▌ 2.Huey P. Long (D)▌ 3.John H. Overton (D)▌ 1.Frederick Hale (R)▌ 2.Wallace H. White Jr. (R)▌ 1.Phillips Lee Goldsborough (R)▌ 3.Millard Tydings (D)▌ 1.David I. Walsh (D)▌ 2.Marcus A. Coolidge (D)▌ 1.Arthur H. Vandenberg (R)▌ 2.James J. Couzens (R)▌ 1.Henrik Shipstead (FL)▌ 2.Thomas D. Schall (R)▌ 1.Hubert D. Stephens (D)▌ 2.Pat Harrison (D)▌ 1.Roscoe C. Patterson (R)▌ 3.Bennett Champ Clark (D)▌ 1.Burton K. Wheeler (D)▌ 2.John E. Erickson (D), March 13, 1933 – November 7, 1934▌ James E. Murray (D), from November 7, 1934▌ 1.Robert B. Howell (R), until March 11, 1933▌ William H. Thompson (D), May 24, 1933 – November 7, 1934▌ Richard C. Hunter (D), from November 7, 1934▌ 2.George W. Norris (R)
▌ 1.Key Pittman (D)▌ 3.Patrick A. McCarran (D)▌ 2.Henry W. Keyes (R)▌ 3.Fred H. Brown (D)▌ 1.Hamilton Fish Kean (R)▌ 2.William Warren Barbour (R)▌ 1.Bronson M. Cutting (R)▌ 2.Sam G. Bratton (D), until June 24, 1933▌ Carl Hatch (D), from October 10, 1933▌ 1.Royal S. Copeland (D)▌ 3.Robert F. Wagner (D)▌ 2.Josiah William Bailey (D)▌ 3.Robert R. Reynolds (D)▌ 1.Lynn Frazier (R-NPL)▌ 3.Gerald Nye (R)▌ 1.Simeon D. Fess (R)▌ 3.Robert J. Bulkley (D)▌ 2.Thomas P. Gore (D)▌ 3.Elmer Thomas (D)▌ 2.Charles L. McNary (R)▌ 3.Frederick Steiwer (R)▌ 1.David A. Reed (R)▌ 3.James J. Davis (R)▌ 1.Felix Hebert (R)▌ 2.Jesse H. Metcalf (R)▌ 2.James F. Byrnes (D)▌ 3.Ellison D. Smith (D)▌ 2.William J. Bulow (D)▌ 3.Peter Norbeck (R)▌ 1.Kenneth D. McKellar (D)▌ 2.Nathan L. Bachman (D)▌ 1.Thomas T. Connally (D)▌ 2.Morris Sheppard (D)▌ 1.William H. King (D)▌ 3.Elbert D. Thomas (D)▌ 1.Warren Austin (R)▌ 3.Porter H. Dale (R), until October 6, 1933▌ Ernest Willard Gibson (R), from November 21, 1933▌ 1.Harry F. Byrd (D)▌ 2.Carter Glass (D)▌ 1.Clarence Cleveland Dill (D)▌ 3.Homer Bone (D)▌ 1.Henry D. Hatfield (R)▌ 2.Matthew M. Neely (D)▌ 1.Robert M. La Follette Jr. (R)▌ 3.F. Ryan Duffy (D)▌ 1.John B. Kendrick (D), until November 3, 1933▌ Joseph C. O'Mahoney (D), from January 1, 1934▌ 2.Robert D. Carey (R)Senators' party membership by state at the opening of the 73rd Congress in March 1933. The green stripes denote Farmer-Labor SenatorHenrik Shipstead . 2 Democrats
1 Democrat and 1 Republican
2 Republicans
House of Representatives [ edit ] The names of representatives are preceded by their district numbers.
▌ 1 John McDuffie (D)▌ 2 J. Lister Hill (D)▌ 3 Henry B. Steagall (D)▌ 4 Lamar Jeffers (D)▌ 5 Miles C. Allgood (D)▌ 6 William B. Oliver (D)▌ 7 William B. Bankhead (D)▌ 8 Edward B. Almon (D), until June 22, 1933▌ Archibald Hill Carmichael (D), from November 14, 1933▌ 9 George Huddleston (D)▌ At-large Isabella Selmes Greenway (D), from October 3, 1933▌ 1 William J. Driver (D)▌ 2 John E. Miller (D)▌ 3 Claude A. Fuller (D)▌ 4 William B. Cravens (D)▌ 5 Heartsill Ragon (D), until June 16, 1933▌ David D. Terry (D), from December 19, 1933▌ 6 David D. Glover (D)▌ 7 Tilman B. Parks (D)▌ 1 Clarence F. Lea (D)▌ 2 Harry L. Englebright (R)▌ 3 Frank H. Buck (D)▌ 4 Florence P. Kahn (R)▌ 5 Richard J. Welch (R)▌ 6 Albert E. Carter (R)▌ 7 Ralph R. Eltse (R)▌ 8 John J. McGrath (D)▌ 9 Denver S. Church (D)▌ 10 Henry E. Stubbs (D)▌ 11 William E. Evans (R)▌ 12 John H. Hoeppel (D)▌ 13 Charles Kramer (D)▌ 14 Thomas F. Ford (D)▌ 15 William I. Traeger (R)▌ 16 John F. Dockweiler (D)▌ 17 Charles J. Colden (D)▌ 18 John H. Burke (D)▌ 19 Sam L. Collins (R)▌ 20 George Burnham (R)▌ 1 Lawrence Lewis (D)▌ 2 Fred N. Cummings (D)▌ 3 John A. Martin (D)▌ 4 Edward T. Taylor (D)▌ 1 Herman P. Kopplemann (D)▌ 2 William L. Higgins (R)▌ 3 Francis T. Maloney (D)▌ 4 Schuyler Merritt (R)▌ 5 Edward W. Goss (R)▌ At-large Charles M. Bakewell (R)▌ At-large Wilbur L. Adams (D)▌ 1 J. Hardin Peterson (D)▌ 2 Robert A. Green (D)▌ 3 Millard F. Caldwell (D)▌ 4 J. Mark Wilcox (D)▌ At-large William J. Sears (D)▌ 1 Homer C. Parker (D)▌ 2 Edward E. Cox (D)▌ 3 Bryant T. Castellow (D)▌ 4 Emmett M. Owen (D)▌ 5 Robert Ramspeck (D)▌ 6 Carl Vinson (D)▌ 7 Malcolm C. Tarver (D)▌ 8 Braswell Deen (D)▌ 9 John S. Wood (D)▌ 10 Charles H. Brand (D), until May 17, 1933▌ Paul Brown (D), from July 5, 1933▌ 1 Compton I. White (D)▌ 2 Thomas C. Coffin (D), until June 8, 1934▌ 1 Oscar S. De Priest (R)▌ 2 P. H. Moynihan (R)▌ 3 Edward A. Kelly (D)▌ 4 Harry P. Beam (D)▌ 5 Adolph J. Sabath (D)▌ 6 Thomas J. O’Brien (D)▌ 7 Leonard W. Schuetz (D)▌ 8 Leo Kocialkowski (D)▌ 9 Frederick A. Britten (R)▌ 10 James Simpson Jr. (R)▌ 11 Frank R. Reid (R)▌ 12 John T. Buckbee (R)▌ 13 Leo E. Allen (R)▌ 14 Chester C. Thompson (D)▌ 15 J. Leroy Adair (D)▌ 16 Everett M. Dirksen (R)▌ 17 Frank Gillespie (D)▌ 18 James A. Meeks (D)▌ 19 Donald C. Dobbins (D)▌ 20 Henry T. Rainey (D), until August 19, 1934▌ 21 J. Earl Major (D), until October 6, 1933▌ 22 Edwin M. Schaefer (D)▌ 23 William W. Arnold (D)▌ 24 Claude V. Parsons (D)▌ 25 Kent E. Keller (D)▌ At-large Martin A. Brennan (D)▌ At-large Walter Nesbit (D)▌ 1 William T. Schulte (D)▌ 2 George R. Durgan (D)▌ 3 Samuel B. Pettengill (D)▌ 4 James I. Farley (D)▌ 5 Glenn Griswold (D)▌ 6 Virginia E. Jenckes (D)▌ 7 Arthur H. Greenwood (D)▌ 8 John W. Boehne Jr. (D)▌ 9 Eugene B. Crowe (D)▌ 10 Finly H. Gray (D)▌ 11 William H. Larrabee (D)▌ 12 Louis Ludlow (D)▌ 1 Edward C. Eicher (D)▌ 2 Bernhard M. Jacobsen (D)▌ 3 Albert C. Willford (D)▌ 4 Fred Biermann (D)▌ 5 Lloyd Thurston (R)▌ 6 Cassius C. Dowell (R)▌ 7 Otha D. Wearin (D)▌ 8 Fred C. Gilchrist (R)▌ 9 Guy M. Gillette (D)▌ 1 William P. Lambertson (R)▌ 2 Ulysses S. Guyer (R)▌ 3 Harold C. McGugin (R)▌ 4 Randolph Carpenter (D)▌ 5 William A. Ayres (D), until August 22, 1934▌ 6 Kathryn O'Loughlin McCarthy (D)▌ 7 Clifford R. Hope (R)▌ At-large John Y. Brown Sr. (D)▌ At-large Cap R. Carden (D)▌ At-large Glover H. Cary (D)▌ At-large Virgil Chapman (D)▌ At-large W. Voris Gregory (D)▌ At-large Finley Hamilton (D)▌ At-large Andrew J. May (D)▌ At-large Brent Spence (D)▌ At-large Fred M. Vinson (D)▌ 1 Joachim O. Fernández (D)▌ 2 Paul H. Maloney (D)▌ 3 Numa F. Montet (D)▌ 4 John N. Sandlin (D)▌ 5 Riley Joseph Wilson (D)▌ 6 Bolivar E. Kemp (D), until June 19, 1933▌ Jared Y. Sanders Jr. (D), from May 1, 1934▌ 7 René L. DeRouen (D)▌ 8 Cleveland Dear (D)▌ 1 Carroll L. Beedy (R)▌ 2 Edward C. Moran Jr. (D)▌ 3 John G. Utterback (D)▌ 1 T. Alan Goldsborough (D)▌ 2 William P. Cole Jr. (D)▌ 3 Vincent L. Palmisano (D)▌ 4 Ambrose J. Kennedy (D)▌ 5 Stephen W. Gambrill (D)▌ 6 David J. Lewis (D)▌ 1 Allen T. Treadway (R)▌ 2 William J. Granfield (D)▌ 3 Frank H. Foss (R)▌ 4 Pehr G. Holmes (R)▌ 5 Edith Nourse Rogers (R)▌ 6 A. Piatt Andrew Jr. (R)▌ 7 William P. Connery Jr. (D)▌ 8 Arthur D. Healey (D)▌ 9 Robert Luce (R)▌ 10 George H. Tinkham (R)▌ 11 John J. Douglass (D)▌ 12 John W. McCormack (D)▌ 13 Richard B. Wigglesworth (R)▌ 14 Joseph W. Martin Jr. (R)▌ 15 Charles L. Gifford (R)▌ 1 George G. Sadowski (D)▌ 2 John C. Lehr (D)▌ 3 Joseph L. Hooper (R), until February 22, 1934▌ 4 George Ernest Foulkes (D)▌ 5 Carl Mapes (R)▌ 6 Claude E. Cady (D)▌ 7 Jesse P. Wolcott (R)▌ 8 Michael J. Hart (D)▌ 9 Harry W. Musselwhite (D)▌ 10 Roy O. Woodruff (R)▌ 11 Prentiss M. Brown (D)▌ 12 W. Frank James (R)▌ 13 Clarence J. McLeod (R)▌ 14 Carl M. Weideman (D)▌ 15 John D. Dingell Sr. (D)▌ 16 John Lesinski Sr. (D)▌ 17 George A. Dondero (R)▌ At-large Henry M. Arens (FL)▌ At-large Ray P. Chase (R)▌ At-large Theodore Christianson (R)▌ At-large Einar Hoidale (D)▌ At-large Magnus Johnson (FL)▌ At-large Harold Knutson (R)▌ At-large Paul J. Kvale (FL)▌ At-large Ernest Lundeen (FL)▌ At-large Francis Shoemaker (FL)▌ 1 John E. Rankin (D)▌ 2 Wall Doxey (D)▌ 3 William M. Whittington (D)▌ 4 T. Jefferson Busby (D)▌ 5 Ross A. Collins (D)▌ 6 William M. Colmer (D)▌ 7 Lawrence R. Ellzey (D)▌ At-large Clarence Cannon (D)▌ At-large James Robert Claiborne (D)▌ At-large John J. Cochran (D)▌ At-large Clement C. Dickinson (D)▌ At-large Richard M. Duncan (D)▌ At-large Frank H. Lee (D)▌ At-large Ralph F. Lozier (D)▌ At-large Jacob L. Milligan (D)▌ At-large Milton A. Romjue (D)▌ At-large James Edward Ruffin (D)▌ At-large Joseph B. Shannon (D)▌ At-large Clyde Williams (D)▌ At-large Reuben T. Wood (D)▌ 1 Joseph P. Monaghan (D)▌ 2 Roy E. Ayers (D)▌ 1 John H. Morehead (D)▌ 2 Edward R. Burke (D)▌ 3 Edgar Howard (D)▌ 4 Ashton C. Shallenberger (D)▌ 5 Terry Carpenter (D)▌ At-large James G. Scrugham (D)▌ 1 William N. Rogers (D)▌ 2 Charles W. Tobey (R)▌ 1 Charles A. Wolverton (R)▌ 2 Isaac Bacharach (R)▌ 3 William H. Sutphin (D)▌ 4 D. Lane Powers (R)▌ 5 Charles A. Eaton (R)▌ 6 Donald H. McLean (R)▌ 7 Randolph Perkins (R)▌ 8 George N. Seger (R)▌ 9 Edward A. Kenney (D)▌ 10 Fred A. Hartley Jr. (R)▌ 11 Peter A. Cavicchia (R)▌ 12 Frederick R. Lehlbach (R)▌ 13 Mary T. Norton (D)▌ 14 Oscar L. Auf der Heide (D)▌ At-large Dennis Chávez (D)▌ 1 Robert L. Bacon (R)▌ 2 William F. Brunner (D)▌ 3 George W. Lindsay (D)▌ 4 Thomas H. Cullen (D)▌ 5 Loring M. Black Jr. (D)▌ 6 Andrew L. Somers (D)▌ 7 John J. Delaney (D)▌ 8 Patrick J. Carley (D)▌ 9 Stephen A. Rudd (D)▌ 10 Emanuel Celler (D)▌ 11 Anning S. Prall (D)▌ 12 Samuel Dickstein (D)▌ 13 Christopher D. Sullivan (D)▌ 14 William I. Sirovich (D)▌ 15 John J. Boylan (D)▌ 16 John J. O'Connor (D)▌ 17 Theodore A. Peyser (D)▌ 18 Martin J. Kennedy (D)▌ 19 Sol Bloom (D)▌ 20 James J. Lanzetta (D)▌ 21 Joseph A. Gavagan (D)▌ 22 Anthony J. Griffin (D)▌ 23 Frank Oliver (D), until June 18, 1934▌ 24 James M. Fitzpatrick (D)▌ 25 Charles D. Millard (R)▌ 26 Hamilton Fish III (R)▌ 27 Philip A. Goodwin (R)▌ 28 Parker Corning (D)▌ 29 James S. Parker (R), until December 19, 1933▌ William D. Thomas (R), from January 30, 1934▌ 30 Frank Crowther (R)▌ 31 Bertrand H. Snell (R)▌ 32 Francis D. Culkin (R)▌ 33 Fred J. Sisson (D)▌ 34 John D. Clarke (R), until November 5, 1933▌ Marian W. Clarke (R), from December 28, 1933▌ 35 Clarence E. Hancock (R)▌ 36 John Taber (R)▌ 37 Gale H. Stalker (R)▌ 38 James L. Whitley (R)▌ 39 James W. Wadsworth Jr. (R)▌ 40 Walter G. Andrews (R)▌ 41 Alfred F. Beiter (D)▌ 42 James M. Mead (D)▌ 43 Daniel A. Reed (R)▌ At-large John Fitzgibbons (D)▌ At-large Elmer E. Studley (D)▌ 1 Lindsay C. Warren (D)▌ 2 John H. Kerr (D)▌ 3 Charles L. Abernethy (D)▌ 4 Edward W. Pou (D), until April 1, 1934▌ Harold D. Cooley (D), from July 7, 1934▌ 5 Franklin W. Hancock Jr. (D)▌ 6 William B. Umstead (D)▌ 7 J. Bayard Clark (D)▌ 8 J. Walter Lambeth (D)▌ 9 Robert L. Doughton (D)▌ 10 Alfred L. Bulwinkle (D)▌ 11 Zebulon Weaver (D)▌ At-large William Lemke (R-NPL)▌ At-large James H. Sinclair (R)▌ 1 John B. Hollister (R)▌ 2 William E. Hess (R)▌ 3 Byron B. Harlan (D)▌ 4 Frank Le Blond Kloeb (D)▌ 5 Frank C. Kniffin (D)▌ 6 James G. Polk (D)▌ 7 Leroy T. Marshall (R)▌ 8 Thomas B. Fletcher (D)▌ 9 Warren J. Duffey (D)▌ 10 Thomas A. Jenkins (R)▌ 11 Mell G. Underwood (D)▌ 12 Arthur P. Lamneck (D)▌ 13 William L. Fiesinger (D)▌ 14 Dow W. Harter (D)▌ 15 Robert T. Secrest (D)▌ 16 William R. Thom (D)▌ 17 Charles F. West (D)▌ 18 Lawrence E. Imhoff (D)▌ 19 John G. Cooper (R)▌ 20 Martin L. Sweeney (D)▌ 21 Robert Crosser (D)▌ 22 Chester C. Bolton (R)▌ At-large Charles V. Truax (D)▌ At-large Stephen M. Young (D)▌ 1 Wesley E. Disney (D)▌ 2 William W. Hastings (D)▌ 3 Wilburn Cartwright (D)▌ 4 Tom D. McKeown (D)▌ 5 Fletcher B. Swank (D)▌ 6 Jed J. Johnson (D)▌ 7 James V. McClintic (D)▌ 8 Ernest W. Marland (D)▌ At-large Will Rogers (D)▌ 1 James W. Mott (R)▌ 2 Walter M. Pierce (D)▌ 3 Charles H. Martin (D)▌ 1 Harry C. Ransley (R)▌ 2 James M. Beck (R), until September 30, 1934▌ 3 Alfred Marpole Waldron (R)▌ 4 George W. Edmonds (R)▌ 5 James J. Connolly (R)▌ 6 Edward L. Stokes (R)▌ 7 George P. Darrow (R)▌ 8 James Wolfenden (R)▌ 9 Henry Winfield Watson (R), until August 27, 1933▌ Oliver Walter Frey (D), from November 7, 1933▌ 10 J. Roland Kinzer (R)▌ 11 Patrick J. Boland (D)▌ 12 C. Murray Turpin (R)▌ 13 George F. Brumm (R), until May 29, 1934▌ 14 William Emanuel Richardson (D)▌ 15 Louis T. McFadden (R)▌ 16 Robert F. Rich (R)▌ 17 J. William Ditter (R)▌ 18 Benjamin K. Focht (R)▌ 19 Isaac H. Doutrich (R)▌ 20 Thomas C. Cochran (R)▌ 21 Francis E. Walter (D)▌ 22 Harry L. Haines (D)▌ 23 J. Banks Kurtz (R)▌ 24 J. Buell Snyder (D)▌ 25 Charles I. Faddis (D)▌ 26 J. Howard Swick (R)▌ 27 Nathan L. Strong (R)▌ 28 William M. Berlin (D)▌ 29 Charles N. Crosby (D)▌ 30 J. Twing Brooks (D)▌ 31 M. Clyde Kelly (R)▌ 32 Michael Joseph Muldowney (R)▌ 33 Henry Ellenbogen (D)▌ 34 Matthew A. Dunn (D)▌ 1 Francis B. Condon (D)▌ 2 John M. O'Connell (D)▌ 1 Thomas S. McMillan (D)▌ 2 Hampton P. Fulmer (D)▌ 3 John C. Taylor (D)▌ 4 John J. McSwain (D)▌ 5 James P. Richards (D)▌ 6 Allard H. Gasque (D)▌ 1 Fred H. Hildebrandt (D)▌ 2 Theodore B. Werner (D)▌ 1 B. Carroll Reece (R)▌ 2 J. Will Taylor (R)▌ 3 Samuel D. McReynolds (D)▌ 4 John Ridley Mitchell (D)▌ 5 Joseph W. Byrns (D)▌ 6 Clarence W. Turner (D)▌ 7 Gordon Browning (D)▌ 8 Jere Cooper (D)▌ 9 Edward H. Crump (D)▌ 1 Wright Patman (D)▌ 2 Martin Dies Jr. (D)▌ 3 Morgan G. Sanders (D)▌ 4 Sam Rayburn (D)▌ 5 Hatton W. Sumners (D)▌ 6 Luther Alexander Johnson (D)▌ 7 Clay Stone Briggs (D), until April 29, 1933▌ Clark W. Thompson (D), from June 24, 1933▌ 8 Joe H. Eagle (D)▌ 9 Joseph J. Mansfield (D)▌ 10 James P. Buchanan (D)▌ 11 Oliver H. Cross (D)▌ 12 Fritz G. Lanham (D)▌ 13 William D. McFarlane (D)▌ 14 Richard M. Kleberg (D)▌ 15 Milton H. West (D), from April 22, 1933▌ 16 R. Ewing Thomason (D)▌ 17 Thomas L. Blanton (D)▌ 18 John Marvin Jones (D)▌ At-large Joseph Weldon Bailey Jr. (D)▌ At-large Sterling Price Strong (D)▌ At-large George Butler Terrell (D)▌ 1 Abe Murdock (D)▌ 2 J. W. Robinson (D)▌ At-large Ernest Willard Gibson (R), until October 19, 1933▌ Charles A. Plumley (R), from January 16, 1934▌ At-large S. Otis Bland (D)▌ At-large Thomas G. Burch (D)▌ At-large Colgate W. Darden Jr. (D)▌ At-large Patrick H. Drewry (D)▌ At-large John W. Flannagan Jr. (D)▌ At-large Andrew Jackson Montague (D)▌ At-large A. Willis Robertson (D)▌ At-large Howard W. Smith (D)▌ At-large Clifton A. Woodrum (D)▌ 1 Marion Anthony Zioncheck (D)▌ 2 Monrad C. Wallgren (D)▌ 3 Martin F. Smith (D)▌ 4 Knute Hill (D)▌ 5 Samuel B. Hill (D)▌ 6 Wesley Lloyd (D)▌ 1 Robert L. Ramsay (D)▌ 2 Jennings Randolph (D)▌ 3 Lynn Hornor (D), until September 23, 1933▌ Andrew Edmiston Jr. (D), from November 28, 1933▌ 4 George W. Johnson (D)▌ 5 John Kee (D)▌ 6 Joe L. Smith (D)▌ 1 George Washington Blanchard (R)▌ 2 Charles W. Henney (D)▌ 3 Gardner R. Withrow (R)▌ 4 Raymond Joseph Cannon (D)▌ 5 Thomas David Patrick O'Malley (D)▌ 6 Michael K. Reilly (D)▌ 7 Gerald J. Boileau (R)▌ 8 James Frederic Hughes (D)▌ 9 James A. Frear (R)▌ 10 Hubert H. Peavey (R)▌ At-large Vincent Carter (R)▌ Alaska Territory Anthony J. Dimond (D)▌ Hawaii Territory Lincoln L. McCandless (D)▌ Philippines :Pedro Guevara (Nac. )▌ Philippines :Camilo Osías (Nac. )▌ Puerto Rico :Santiago Iglesias (Coalitionist)House seats by party holding plurality in state 80+% Democratic
80+% Republican
60+% to 80% Democratic
60+% to 80% Republican
Up to 60% Democratic
Up to 60% Republican
Changes in membership [ edit ] Senate changes State Vacated by Reason for change Successor Date of successor's formal installation[ b] Montana Vacant Thomas J. Walsh (D) died in office. John Erickson (D)March 13, 1933 Nebraska Robert Howell (R)Died March 11, 1933. William H. Thompson (D)May 24, 1933 New Mexico Sam Bratton (D)Resigned June 24, 1933, when appointed Judge of theU.S. Court of Appeals .elected November 6, 1934. Carl Hatch (D)October 10, 1933 Vermont Porter Dale (R)Died October 6, 1933.elected January 17, 1934. Ernest Gibson (R)November 21, 1933 Wyoming John Kendrick (D)Died November 3, 1933. Joseph C. O'Mahoney (D)January 1, 1934 Nebraska William Thompson (D)Interim appointee did not run in the special election to finish the term.elected November 6, 1934. Richard Hunter (D)November 7, 1934 Montana John Erickson (D)Interim appointee lost nomination to finish the term.elected November 6, 1934. James E. Murray (D)November 7, 1934
House of Representatives [ edit ] House changes District Vacated by Reason for change Successor Date of successor's formal installation[ b] Texas 15th Vacant John Garner had resigned at the end of the previous CongressMilton H. West April 22, 1933 Arizona at-large Vacant Lewis W. Douglas (D) had resigned at the end of the previous CongressIsabella Greenway (D)October 3, 1933 Texas 7th Clay Stone Briggs (D)Died April 29, 1933 Clark W. Thompson (D)June 24, 1933 Arkansas 5th Heartsill Ragon (D)Resigned May 12, 1933, upon appointment as a judge of theUnited States District Court for the Western District of Arkansas David D. Terry (D)December 19, 1933 Georgia 10th Charles H. Brand (D)Died May 17, 1933 Paul Brown (D)July 5, 1933 Louisiana 6th Bolivar E. Kemp (D)Died June 19, 1933 Jared Y. Sanders Jr. (D)May 1, 1934 Alabama 8th Edward B. Almon (D)Died June 22, 1933 Archibald Hill Carmichael (D)November 14, 1933 Pennsylvania 9th Henry Winfield Watson (R)Died August 27, 1933 Oliver Walter Frey (D)November 7, 1933 West Virginia 3rd Lynn Hornor (D)Died September 23, 1933 Andrew Edmiston Jr. (D)November 28, 1933 Illinois 21st J. Earl Major (D)appointed as a judge of theUnited States District Court for the Southern District of Illinois October 6, 1933 Seat remained vacant until next Congress Vermont at-large Ernest W. Gibson (R)Appointed U.S. Senator November 21, 1933 Charles A. Plumley (R)January 16, 1934 New York 34th John D. Clarke (R)Died November 5, 1933 Marian W. Clarke (R)December 28, 1933 New York 29th James S. Parker (R)Died December 19, 1933 William D. Thomas (R)January 30, 1934 Michigan 3rd Joseph L. Hooper (R)Died February 22, 1934 Seat remained vacant until next Congress North Carolina 4th Edward W. Pou (D)Died April 1, 1934 Harold D. Cooley (D)July 7, 1934 Pennsylvania 13th George F. Brumm (R)Died May 29, 1934 Seat remained vacant until next Congress Idaho 2nd Thomas C. Coffin (D)Died June 8, 1934 Seat remained vacant until next Congress New York 23rd Frank Oliver (D)Resigned June 18, 1934 Seat remained vacant until next Congress Illinois 20th Henry T. Rainey (D)Died August 19, 1934 Seat remained vacant until next Congress Kansas 5th William A. Ayres (D)Resigned August 22, 1934, after being appointed a member of theFederal Trade Commission Seat remained vacant until next Congress Pennsylvania 2nd James M. Beck (R)Resigned September 30, 1934 Seat remained vacant until next Congress
House of Representatives [ edit ] House of Representatives [ edit ] Employees include:[ c]
^ Herring, E. Pendleton (1934)."First Session of the Seventy-third Congress, March 9, 1933, to June 16, 1933" American Political Science Review .28 (1):65– 83.doi :10.2307/1946722 .ISSN 0003-0554 . ^ Herring, E. Pendleton (1934)."Second Session of the Seventy-third Congress, January 3, 1934, to June 18, 1934" American Political Science Review .28 (5):852– 866.doi :10.2307/1947408 .ISSN 0003-0554 . ^ Huckabee, David C. (September 30, 1997)."Ratification of Amendments to the U.S. Constitution" (PDF) .Congressional Research Service reports Congressional Research Service , TheLibrary of Congress . Archived fromthe original (PDF) on June 27, 2004. ^ The Vice President of the United States serves as the President of the Senate. SeeU.S. Constitution, Article I, Section 3, Clause 4 ^ The Democratic Senate Majority Leader also serves as the Chairman of the Democratic Conference.
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