| 6th United States Congress | |
|---|---|
5th ← → 7th | |
 United States Capitol (1800) | |
March 4, 1799 – March 3, 1801 | |
| Members | 32 senators 106 representatives 1 non-voting delegates |
| Senate majority | Federalist |
| Senate President | Thomas Jefferson (DR) |
| House majority | Federalist |
| House Speaker | Theodore Sedgwick (F) |
| Sessions | |
| 1st: December 2, 1799 – May 14, 1800 2nd: November 17, 1800 – March 3, 1801 | |
The6th United States Congress was the 6th meeting of thelegislative branch of theUnited States federal government, consisting of theSenate and theHouse of Representatives. It initially met atCongress Hall inPhiladelphia,Pennsylvania and then was the first congress to meet in the newCapitol Building inWashington, D.C.. Its term was from March 4, 1799, to March 4, 1801, during the last two years ofJohn Adams'spresidency. It was the last Congress of the 18th century and the first to convene in the 19th. Theapportionment of seats in House of Representatives was based on the1790 United States census. Both chambers had aFederalist majority. This was the last Congress in which the Federalist Party controlled the presidency or either chamber of Congress.
| States for Jefferson | States for Burr | States casting blank ballots |
|---|---|---|
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| Total: 10 (63%) | Total: 4 (25%) | Total: 2 (12%) |
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.
| Party (shading shows control) | Total | Vacant | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic- Republican (DR) | Federalist (F) | |||
| End ofprevious congress | 9 | 22 | 31 | 1 |
| Begin | 9 | 22 | 31 | 1 |
| End | 11 | 21 | 32 | 0 |
| Final voting share | 34.4% | 65.6% | ||
| Beginning ofnext congress | 17 | 15 | 32 | 0 |
| Party (shading shows control) | Total | Vacant | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic- Republican (DR) | Federalist (F) | |||
| End ofprevious congress | 50 | 56 | 106 | 0 |
| Begin | 46 | 60 | 106 | 0 |
| End | 49 | 56 | 105 | 1 |
| Final voting share | 46.7% | 53.3% | ||
| Beginning ofnext congress | 72 | 33 | 105 | 1 |
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This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district.
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below areSenate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring re-election in 1802; Class 2 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring re-election in 1804; and Class 3 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring re-election in 1800.
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|  2 Democratic-Republicans 1 Democratic-Republican and 1 Federalist 2 Federalists
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The names of representatives elected statewide on thegeneral ticket or otherwise at-large, are preceded by an "At-large," and the names of those elected from districts, whether plural or single member, are preceded by their district numbers.
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress
There were 7 resignations and 1 vacancy at the beginning of Congress. The Federalists had a 1-seat net loss and the Democratic-Republicans had a 2-seat net gain.
| State (class) | Vacated by | Reason for change | Successor | Date of successor's formal installation[a] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Virginia (2) | Vacant | Henry Tazewell (DR) died before the beginning of this Congress | Wilson C. Nicholas (DR) | Elected December 5, 1799 |
| New York (1) | James Watson (F) | Resigned March 19, 1800 | Gouverneur Morris (F) | Elected April 3, 1800 |
| Massachusetts (2) | Samuel Dexter (F) | Resigned May 30, 1800 | Dwight Foster (F) | Elected June 6, 1800 |
| New York (3) | John Laurance (F) | Resigned sometime in August, 1800 | John Armstrong (DR) | Elected November 6, 1800 |
| Massachusetts (1) | Benjamin Goodhue (F) | Resigned November 8, 1800 | Jonathan Mason (F) | Elected November 14, 1800 |
| Maryland (3) | James Lloyd (F) | Resigned December 1, 1800 | William Hindman (F) | Elected December 12, 1800 |
| New Jersey (1) | James Schureman (F) | Resigned February 16, 1801 | Aaron Ogden (F) | Elected February 28, 1801 |
| Delaware (1) | Henry Latimer (F) | Resigned February 28, 1801 | Samuel White (F) | Appointed February 28, 1801 |
There were 6 resignations and 3 deaths. TheFederalists had a 4-seat net loss and theDemocratic-Republicans had a 3-seat net gain.
| District | Vacated by | Reason for change | Successor | Date of successor's formal installation[a] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| New York 1st | Jonathan Havens (DR) | Died October 25, 1799 | John Smith (DR) | February 27, 1800 |
| Northwest Territory at-large | William Henry Harrison | Resigned May 14, 1800, to become Territorial Governor of Indiana | William McMillan (F) | November 24, 1800 |
| Connecticut at-large | Jonathan Brace (F) | Resigned sometime in 1800 | John Cotton Smith (F) | November 17, 1800 |
| Massachusetts 10th | Samuel Sewall (F) | Resigned January 10, 1800, to become a justice of theMassachusetts Supreme Judicial Court | Nathan Read (F) | November 25, 1800 |
| Massachusetts 4th | Dwight Foster (F) | Resigned June 6, 1800, having been elected U.S. Senator | Levi Lincoln (DR) | December 15, 1800 |
| Virginia 13th | John Marshall (F) | Resigned June 7, 1800, to becomeSecretary of State | Littleton W. Tazewell (DR) | November 26, 1800 |
| New Hampshire at-large | William Gordon (F) | Resigned June 12, 1800, to becomeNew Hampshire Attorney General | Samuel Tenney (F) | December 8, 1800 |
| Massachusetts 3rd | Samuel Lyman (F) | Resigned November 6, 1800 | Ebenezer Mattoon (F) | February 2, 1801 |
| Pennsylvania 8th | Thomas Hartley (F) | Died December 21, 1800 | John Stewart (DR) | February 3, 1801 |
| Georgia at-large | James Jones (F) | Died January 11, 1801 | Vacant untilnext Congress | |
Lists of committees and their party leaders.
