| 59th United States Congress | |
|---|---|
58th ← → 60th | |
 United States Capitol (1906) | |
March 4, 1905 – March 4, 1907 | |
| Members | 90 senators 386 representatives 6 non-voting delegates |
| Senate majority | Republican |
| Senate President | Charles W. Fairbanks (R) |
| House majority | Republican |
| House Speaker | Joseph G. Cannon (R) |
| Sessions | |
| Special[a]: March 4, 1905 – March 18, 1905 1st: December 4, 1905 – June 30, 1906 2nd: December 3, 1906 – March 3, 1907 | |
The59th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of theUnited States Senate and theUnited States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1905, to March 4, 1907, during the fifth and sixth years ofTheodore Roosevelt'spresidency. The apportionment of seats in theHouse of Representatives was based on the1900 United States census. Both chambers had aRepublican majority.
| Party (shading shows control) | Total | Vacant | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic (D) | Republican (R) | |||
| End ofprevious congress | 33 | 56 | 89 | 1 |
| Begin | 32 | 56 | 88 | 2 |
| End | 58 | 90 | 0 | |
| Final voting share | 35.6% | 64.4% | ||
| Beginning ofnext congress | 29 | 61 | 90 | 0 |
| Party (shading shows control) | Total | Vacant | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic (D) | Republican (R) | |||
| End ofprevious congress | 175 | 209 | 384 | 2 |
| Begin | 136 | 249 | 385 | 1 |
| End | 133 | 246 | 379 | 7 |
| Final voting share | 35.1% | 64.9% | ||
| Beginning ofnext congress | 162 | 221 | 383 | 3 |
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district.
At this time, senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below areSenate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election, In this Congress, Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1906; Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1908; and Class 1 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1910.
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.
| State (class) | Vacated by | Reason for vacancy | Subsequent | Date of successor's installation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Missouri (1) | Vacant | Legislature had elected late. | William Warner (R) | March 18, 1905 |
| Delaware (1) | Vacant | Legislature had elected late. | Henry A. du Pont (R) | June 13, 1906 |
| Tennessee (1) | William B. Bate (D) | Died March 9, 1905. Successor was elected. | James B. Frazier (D) | March 21, 1905 |
| Connecticut (3) | Orville H. Platt (R) | Died April 21, 1905. Successor was appointed and subsequently elected. | Frank B. Brandegee (R) | May 10, 1905 |
| Oregon (2) | John H. Mitchell (R) | Died December 8, 1905. Successor was appointed. | John M. Gearin (D) | December 13, 1905 |
| Kansas (2) | Joseph R. Burton (R) | Resigned June 4, 1906, due to a conviction of corruption charges. Successor was appointed. | Alfred W. Benson (R) | June 11, 1906 |
| Maryland (2) | Arthur P. Gorman (D) | Died June 4, 1906. Successor was appointed. | William P. Whyte (D) | June 8, 1906 |
| Oregon (2) | John M. Gearin (D) | Successor was elected. | Frederick W. Mulkey (R) | January 23, 1907 |
| Michigan (2) | Russell A. Alger (R) | Died January 24, 1907. Successor was elected. | William A. Smith (R) | February 6, 1907 |
| Kansas (2) | Alfred W. Benson (R) | Successor was elected. | Charles Curtis (R) | January 29, 1907 |
| District | Previous | Reason for change | Subsequent | Date of successor's installation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indiana 1st | Vacant | Rep.James A. Hemenway resigned during previous congress | John H. Foster (R) | May 16, 1905 |
| Nebraska 1st | Elmer Burkett (R) | Resigned March 4, 1905, after being elected to theU.S. Senate | Ernest M. Pollard (R) | July 18, 1905 |
| West Virginia 2nd | Alston G. Dayton (R) | Resigned March 16, 1905, after being appointed judge for theUnited States District Court for the Northern District of West Virginia | Thomas B. Davis (D) | June 6, 1905 |
| Texas 8th | John M. Pinckney (D) | Died April 24, 1905 | John M. Moore (D) | June 6, 1905 |
| Connecticut 3rd | Frank B. Brandegee (R) | Resigned May 10, 1905, after being elected to theU.S. Senate | Edwin W. Higgins (R) | October 2, 1905 |
| Illinois 14th | Benjamin F. Marsh (R) | Died June 2, 1905 | James McKinney (R) | November 7, 1905 |
| California 1st | James Gillett (R) | Resigned January 4, 1906, after being electedGovernor of California | William F. Englebright (R) | November 6, 1906 |
| Virginia 5th | Claude A. Swanson (D) | Resigned January 30, 1906, after being electedGovernor of Virginia | Edward W. Saunders (D) | November 6, 1906 |
| Pennsylvania 3rd | George A. Castor (R) | Died February 19, 1906 | J. Hampton Moore (R) | November 6, 1906 |
| Pennsylvania 12th | George R. Patterson (R) | Died March 21, 1906 | Charles N. Brumm (R) | November 6, 1906 |
| Pennsylvania 2nd | Robert Adams Jr. (R) | Died June 1, 1906 | John E. Reyburn (R) | November 6, 1906 |
| Georgia 1st | Rufus E. Lester (D) | Died June 16, 1906 | James W. Overstreet (D) | October 3, 1906 |
| Missouri 12th | Ernest E. Wood (D) | Lost contested election June 23, 1906 | Harry M. Coudrey (R) | June 23, 1906 |
| District of Alaska | New seat | New delegate seat August 14, 1906 | Frank H. Waskey (D) | August 14, 1906 |
| Wisconsin 2nd | Henry C. Adams (R) | Died July 9, 1906 | John M. Nelson (R) | September 4, 1906 |
| New York 8th | Timothy Sullivan (D) | Resigned July 27, 1906 | Daniel J. Riordan (D) | November 6, 1906 |
| Illinois 13th | Robert R. Hitt (R) | Died September 20, 1906 | Frank O. Lowden (R) | November 6, 1906 |
| Massachusetts 3rd | Rockwood Hoar (R) | Died November 1, 1906 | Charles G. Washburn (R) | December 18, 1906 |
| New York 21st | John H. Ketcham (R) | Died November 4, 1906 | Seat remained vacant until next Congress | |
| Tennessee 10th | Malcolm R. Patterson (D) | Resigned November 5, 1906, after being electedGovernor of Tennessee | Seat remained vacant until next Congress | |
| Indiana 12th | Newton W. Gilbert (R) | Resigned November 6, 1906, after being appointed judge of the court of first instance atManila, Philippines | Clarence C. Gilhams (R) | November 6, 1906 |
| Arkansas 4th | John S. Little (D) | Resigned January 14, 1907, after being electedGovernor of Arkansas | Seat remained vacant until next Congress | |
| Kansas 1st | Charles Curtis (R) | Resigned January 28, 1907, after being elected to theU.S. Senate | Seat remained vacant until next Congress | |
| New York 26th | William H. Flack (R) | Died February 2, 1907 | Seat remained vacant until next Congress | |
| Virginia 8th | John F. Rixey (D) | Died February 8, 1907 | Seat remained vacant until next Congress | |
| Michigan 5th | William Alden Smith (R) | Resigned February 9, 1907, after being elected to theU.S. Senate | Seat remained vacant until next Congress | |
Lists of committees and their party leaders for members of the House and Senate committees can be found through the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of this article. The directory after the pages of terms of service lists committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and, after that, House/Senate committee assignments. On the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.
