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43rd United States Congress

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
1873-1875 U.S. Congress
43rd United States Congress
42nd ←
→ 44th

March 4, 1873 – March 4, 1875
Members74 senators
292 representatives
10 non-voting delegates
Senate majorityRepublican
Senate PresidentHenry Wilson (R)
House majorityRepublican
House SpeakerJames G. Blaine (R)
Sessions
Special[a]: March 4, 1873 – March 26, 1873
1st: December 1, 1873 – June 23, 1874
2nd: December 7, 1874 – March 4, 1875

The43rd United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of theUnited States Senate and theUnited States House of Representatives. It met inWashington, D.C. from March 4, 1873, to March 4, 1875, during the fifth and sixth years ofUlysses S. Grant's presidency.

The apportionment of seats in theHouse of Representatives was based on the1870 United States census.

Both chambers had aRepublican majority. This is the last time Republicans held a 2/3 majority in the Senate.

Major events

[edit]
See also:1873 in the United States,1874 in the United States, and1875 in the United States

Major legislation

[edit]
Main article:List of United States federal legislation § 43rd United States Congress

Treaties

[edit]
  • March 18, 1874: Hawaii signed a treaty with the United States granting exclusive trading rights.

Party summary

[edit]

The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

Senate

[edit]
Senators of the 43rd United States Congress
Party
(shading shows control)
TotalVacant
Democratic
(D)
Anti-
Monopoly

(AM)
Liberal
Republican

(LR)
Republican
(R)
End ofprevious congress170154722
Begin19035072 2
End 20 2 51 731
Final voting share27.4%0.0%2.7%69.9%
Beginning ofnext congress281043722

House of Representatives

[edit]

Before this Congress, the1870 United States census and resulting reapportionment changed the size of the House to 292 members.

Party
(shading shows control)
TotalVacant
Democratic
(D)
Independent
Democratic

(ID)
Independent
(I)
Independent
Republican

(IR)
Liberal
Republican

(LR)
Republican
(R)
End ofprevious congress9700141402421
Begin871004198290 2
End 91 1 193
Final voting share31.4%0.3%0.0%0.3%1.4%66.6%
Beginning ofnext congress17714301012865

Leadership

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President of the Senate
Henry Wilson

Senate

[edit]

House of Representatives

[edit]

Members

[edit]

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class and Members of the House by district.

Skip to House of Representatives, below

Senate

[edit]
Main article:List of United States senators in the 43rd Congress

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below areSenate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, facing re-election in 1874; class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, facing re-election in 1876; and class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, facing re-election in 1878.

2.George Goldthwaite (D)
3.George E. Spencer (R)
2.Powell Clayton (R)
3.Stephen W. Dorsey (R)
1.Eugene Casserly (D), until November 29, 1873
John S. Hager (D), from December 23, 1873
3.Aaron A. Sargent (R)
1.William A. Buckingham (R), until February 5, 1875
William W. Eaton (D), from February 5, 1875
3.Orris S. Ferry (LR)
1.Thomas F. Bayard Sr. (D)
2.Eli Saulsbury (D)
1.Abijah Gilbert (R)
3.Simon B. Conover (R)
2.Thomas M. Norwood (D)
3.John B. Gordon (D)
2.John A. Logan (R)
3.Richard J. Oglesby (R)
1.Daniel D. Pratt (R)
3.Oliver H. P. T. Morton (R)
2.George G. Wright (R)
3.William B. Allison (R)
2.Alexander Caldwell (R), until March 24, 1873
Robert Crozier (R), November 24, 1873 - February 12, 1874
James M. Harvey (R), from February 12, 1874
3.John J. Ingalls (R)
2.John W. Stevenson (D)
3.Thomas C. McCreery (D)
2.J. Rodman West (R)
3: vacant
1.Hannibal Hamlin (R)
2.Lot M. Morrill (R)
1.William T. Hamilton (D)
3.George R. Dennis (D)
1.Charles Sumner (LR), until March 11, 1874
William B. Washburn (R), from April 17, 1874
2.George S. Boutwell (R), from March 17, 1873
1.Zachariah Chandler (R)
2.Thomas W. Ferry (R)
1.Alexander Ramsey (R)
2.William Windom (R)
1.Adelbert Ames (R), until January 10, 1874
Henry R. Pease (R), from February 3, 1874
2.James L. Alcorn (R)
1.Carl Schurz (R)
3.Lewis V. Bogy (D)
1.Thomas Tipton (R)
2.Phineas Hitchcock (R)
1.William M. Stewart (R)
3.John P. Jones (R)
2.Aaron H. Cragin (R)
3.Bainbridge Wadleigh (R)
1.John P. Stockton (D)
2.Frederick T. Frelinghuysen (R)
1.Reuben E. Fenton (R)
3.Roscoe Conkling (R)
2.Matt W. Ransom (D)
3.Augustus S. Merrimon (D)
1.Allen G. Thurman (D)
3.John Sherman (R)
2.James K. Kelly (D)
3.John H. Mitchell (R)
1.John Scott (R)
3.Simon Cameron (R)
1.William Sprague IV (R)
2.Henry B. Anthony (R)
2.Thomas J. Robertson (R)
3.John J. Patterson (R)
1.William G. Brownlow (R)
2.Henry Cooper (D)
1.James W. Flanagan (R)
2.Morgan C. Hamilton (LR)
1.George F. Edmunds (R)
3.Justin S. Morrill (R)
1.John F. Lewis (R)
2.John W. Johnston (D)
1.Arthur I. Boreman (R)
2.Henry G. Davis (D)
1.Matthew H. Carpenter (R)
3.Timothy O. Howe (R)
Senators' party membership by state at the opening of the 43rd Congress in March 1873. The green stripes representLiberal Republicans. One of Louisiana's seats was never filled.
  2 Democrats
  1 Democrat and 1 Republican
  2 Republicans
  Territories
President pro temporeMatthew H. Carpenter
President pro temporeHenry B. Anthony

House of Representatives

[edit]
Main article:List of United States representatives in the 43rd Congress

The names of representatives are preceded by their district numbers.

1.Frederick G. Bromberg (LR)
2.James T. Rapier (R)
3.Charles Pelham (R)
4.Charles Hays (R)
5.John H. Caldwell (D)
6.Joseph H. Sloss (D)
At-large.Charles C. Sheats (R)
At-large.Alexander White (R)
1.Asa Hodges (R)
2.Oliver P. Snyder (R)
3.William W. Wilshire (R), until June 16, 1874
Thomas M. Gunter (D), from June 16, 1874
At-large.William J. Hynes (LR)
1.Charles Clayton (R)
2.Horace F. Page (R)
3.John K. Luttrell (D)
4.Sherman O. Houghton (R)
1.Joseph R. Hawley (R)
2.Stephen W. Kellogg (R)
3.Henry H. Starkweather (R)
4.William H. Barnum (D)
At-large.James R. Lofland (R)
At-large.Josiah T. Walls (R)
At-large.William J. Purman (R), until January 25, 1875
1.Morgan Rawls (D), until March 24, 1874
Andrew Sloan (R), from March 24, 1874
2.Richard H. Whiteley (R)
3.Philip Cook (D)
4.Henry R. Harris (D)
5.James C. Freeman (R)
6.James H. Blount (D)
7.Pierce M. B. Young (D)
8.Alexander H. Stephens (D), from December 1, 1873
9.Hiram P. Bell (D)
1.John B. Rice (R), until December 17, 1874
Bernard G. Caulfield (D), from February 1, 1875
2.Jasper D. Ward (R)
3.Charles B. Farwell (R)
4.Stephen A. Hurlbut (R)
5.Horatio C. Burchard (R)
6.John B. Hawley (R)
7.Franklin Corwin (R)
8.Greenbury L. Fort (R)
9.Granville Barrere (R)
10.William H. Ray (R)
11.Robert M. Knapp (D)
12.James C. Robinson (D)
13.John McNulta (R)
14.Joseph G. Cannon (R)
15.John R. Eden (D)
16.James S. Martin (R)
17.William R. Morrison (D)
18.Isaac Clements (R)
19.Samuel S. Marshall (D)
1.William E. Niblack (D)
2.Simeon K. Wolfe (D)
3.William S. Holman (D)
4.Jeremiah M. Wilson (R)
5.John Coburn (R)
6.Morton C. Hunter (R)
7.Thomas J. Cason (R)
8.James N. Tyner (R)
9.John P. C. Shanks (R)
10.Henry B. Sayler (R)
At-large.Jasper Packard (R)
At-large.Godlove S. Orth (R)
At-large.William Williams (R)
1.George W. McCrary (R)
2.Aylett R. Cotton (R)
3.William G. Donnan (R)
4.Henry O. Pratt (R)
5.James Wilson (R)
6.William Loughridge (R)
7.John A. Kasson (R)
8.James W. McDill (R)
9.Jackson Orr (R)
At-large.Stephen A. Cobb (R)
At-large.David P. Lowe (R)
At-large.William A. Phillips (R)
1.Edward Crossland (D)
2.John Y. Brown (D)
3.Charles W. Milliken (D)
4.William B. Read (D)
5.Elisha D. Standiford (D)
6.William E. Arthur (D)
7.James B. Beck (D)
8.Milton J. Durham (D)
9.George M. Adams (D)
10.John D. Young (D)
1.J. Hale Sypher (R), until March 3, 1875
Effingham Lawrence (D), from March 3, 1875
2.Lionel A. Sheldon (R)
3.Chester B. Darrall (R)
4.George L. Smith (R), from November 24, 1873
5.Frank Morey (R)
At-large.George A. Sheridan (LR) from March 3, 1875
1.John H. Burleigh (R)
2.William P. Frye (R)
3.James G. Blaine (R)
4.Samuel F. Hersey (R), until February 3, 1875
5.Eugene Hale (R)
1.Ephraim K. Wilson II (D)
2.Stevenson Archer (D)
3.William J. O'Brien (D)
4.Thomas Swann (D)
5.William Albert (R)
6.Lloyd Lowndes Jr. (R)
1.James Buffington (R)
2.Benjamin W. Harris (R)
3.William Whiting (R), until June 29, 1873
Henry L. Pierce (R), from December 1, 1873
4.Samuel Hooper (R)
5.Daniel W. Gooch (R)
6.Benjamin F. Butler (R)
7.Ebenezer R. Hoar (R)
8.John M. S. Williams (R)
9.George F. Hoar (R)
10.Alvah Crocker (R), until December 26, 1874
Charles A. Stevens (R), from January 27, 1875
11.Henry L. Dawes (R)
1.Moses W. Field (R)
2.Henry Waldron (R)
3.George Willard (R)
4.Julius C. Burrows (R)
5.Wilder D. Foster (R), until September 20, 1873
William B. Williams (R), from December 1, 1873
6.Josiah Begole (R)
7.Omar D. Conger (R)
8.Nathan B. Bradley (R)
9.Jay A. Hubbell (R)
1.Mark H. Dunnell (R)
2.Horace B. Strait (R)
3.John T. Averill (R)
1.Lucius Q. C. Lamar (D)
2.Albert R. Howe (R)
3.Henry W. Barry (R)
4.Jason Niles (R)
5.George C. McKee (R)
6.John R. Lynch (R)
1.Edwin O. Stanard (R)
2.Erastus Wells (D)
3.William H. Stone (D)
4.Robert A. Hatcher (D)
5.Richard P. Bland (D)
6.Harrison E. Havens (R)
7.Thomas T. Crittenden (D)
8.Abram Comingo (D)
9.Isaac C. Parker (R)
10.Ira B. Hyde (R)
11.John B. Clark Jr. (D)
12.John M. Glover (D)
13.Aylett H. Buckner (D)
At-large.Lorenzo Crounse (R)


At-large.Charles W. Kendall (D)
1.William B. Small (R)
2.Austin F. Pike (R)
3.Hosea W. Parker (D)
1.John W. Hazelton (R)
2.Samuel A. Dobbins (R)
3.Amos Clark Jr. (R)
4.Robert Hamilton (D)
5.William W. Phelps (R)
6.Marcus L. Ward (R)
7.Isaac W. Scudder (R)
1.Henry J. Scudder (R)
2.John G. Schumaker (D)
3.Stewart L. Woodford (R), until July 1, 1874
Simeon B. Chittenden (IR), from November 3, 1874
4.Philip S. Crooke (R)
5.William R. Roberts (D)
6.James Brooks (D), until April 30, 1873
Samuel S. Cox (D), from November 4, 1873
7.Thomas J. Creamer (D)
8.John D. Lawson (R)
9.David B. Mellish (R), until May 23, 1874
Richard Schell (D), from December 7, 1874
10.Fernando Wood (D)
11.Clarkson N. Potter (D)
12.Charles St. John (R)
13.John O. Whitehouse (D)
14.David M. De Witt (D)
15.Eli Perry (D)
16.James S. Smart (R)
17.Robert S. Hale (R)
18.William A. Wheeler (R)
19.Henry H. Hathorn (R)
20.David Wilber (R)
21.Clinton L. Merriam (R)
22.Ellis H. Roberts (R)
23.William E. Lansing (R)
24.R. Holland Duell (R)
25.Clinton D. MacDougall (R)
26.William H. Lamport (R)
27.Thomas C. Platt (R)
28.H. Boardman Smith (R)
29.Freeman Clarke (R)
30.George G. Hoskins (R)
31.Lyman K. Bass (R)
32.Walter L. Sessions (R)
At-large.Lyman Tremain (R)
1.Clinton L. Cobb (R)
2.Charles R. Thomas (R)
3.Alfred M. Waddell (D)
4.William A. Smith (R)
5.James M. Leach (D)
6.Thomas S. Ashe (D)
7.William M. Robbins (D)
8.Robert B. Vance (D)
1.Milton Sayler (D)
2.Henry B. Banning (LR)
3.John Q. Smith (R)
4.Lewis B. Gunckel (R)
5.Charles N. Lamison (D)
6.Isaac R. Sherwood (R)
7.Lawrence T. Neal (D)
8.William Lawrence (R)
9.James W. Robinson (R)
10.Charles Foster (R)
11.Hezekiah S. Bundy (R)
12.Hugh J. Jewett (D), until June 23, 1874
William E. Finck (D), from December 7, 1874
13.Milton I. Southard (D)
14.John Berry (D)
15.William P. Sprague (R)
16.Lorenzo Danford (R)
17.Laurin D. Woodworth (R)
18.James Monroe (R)
19.James A. Garfield (R)
20.Richard C. Parsons (R)
At-large.Joseph G. Wilson (R), until July 2, 1873
James W. Nesmith (D), from December 1, 1873
1.Samuel J. Randall (D)
2.Charles O'Neill (R)
3.Leonard Myers (R)
4.William D. Kelley (R)
5.Alfred C. Harmer (R)
6.James S. Biery (R)
7.Washington Townsend (R)
8.Hiester Clymer (D)
9.A. Herr Smith (R)
10.John W. Killinger (R)
11.John B. Storm (D)
12.Lazarus D. Shoemaker (R)
13.James D. Strawbridge (R)
14.John B. Packer (R)
15.John A. Magee (D)
16.John Cessna (R)
17.R. Milton Speer (D)
18.Sobieski Ross (R)
19.Carlton B. Curtis (R)
20.Hiram L. Richmond (R)
21.Alexander W. Taylor (R)
22.James S. Negley (R)
23.Ebenezer McJunkin (R), until January 1, 1875
John M. Thompson (R), from January 5, 1875
24.William S. Moore (R)
At-large.Charles Albright (R)
At-large.Glenni W. Scofield (R)
At-large.Lemuel Todd (R)
1.Benjamin T. Eames (R)
2.James M. Pendleton (R)
1.Joseph Rainey (R)
2.Alonzo J. Ransier (R)
3.Robert B. Elliott (R), until November 1, 1874
Lewis C. Carpenter (R), from November 3, 1874
4.Alexander S. Wallace (R)
At-large.Richard H. Cain (R)
1.Roderick R. Butler (R)
2.Jacob M. Thornburgh (R)
3.William Crutchfield (R)
4.John M. Bright (D)
5.Horace Harrison (R)
6.Washington C. Whitthorne (D)
7.John D. C. Atkins (D)
8.David A. Nunn (R)
9.Barbour Lewis (R)
At-large.Horace Maynard (R)
1.William S. Herndon (D)
2.William P. McLean (D)
3.De Witt C. Giddings (D)
4.John Hancock (D)
At-large.Roger Q. Mills (D)
At-large.Asa H. Willie (D)
1.Charles W. Willard (R)
2.Luke P. Poland (R)
3.George W. Hendee (R)
1.James B. Sener (R)
2.James H. Platt Jr. (R)
3.J. Ambler Smith (R)
4.William H. H. Stowell (R)
5.Alexander Davis (D), until March 5, 1874
Christopher Thomas (R), from March 5, 1874
6.Thomas Whitehead (D)
7.John T. Harris (D)
8.Eppa Hunton, II (D)
9.Rees Bowen (D)
1.John J. Davis (ID)
2.John Hagans (R)
3.Frank Hereford (D)
1.Charles G. Williams (R)
2.Gerry W. Hazelton (R)
3.J. Allen Barber (R)
4.Alexander Mitchell (D)
5.Charles A. Eldredge (D)
6.Philetus Sawyer (R)
7.Jeremiah M. Rusk (R)
8.Alexander S. McDill (R)

Non-voting members

[edit]
Arizona Territory.Richard C. McCormick (NU)
Colorado Territory.Jerome B. Chaffee (R)
Dakota Territory.Moses K. Armstrong (D)
District of Columbia.Norton P. Chipman (R)
Idaho Territory.John Hailey (D)
Montana Territory.Martin Maginnis (D)
New Mexico Territory.Stephen B. Elkins (R)
Utah Territory.George Q. Cannon (R)
Washington Territory.Obadiah B. McFadden (D)
Wyoming Territory.William R. Steele (D)
House seats by party holding plurality in state
  80+% Democratic
  80+% Republican
  60+% to 80% Democratic
  60+% to 80% Republican
  Up to 60% Democratic
  Up to 60% Republican
SpeakerJames G. Blaine

Changes in membership

[edit]

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

[edit]
See also:List of special elections to the United States Senate
Senate changes
State
(class)
Vacated byReason for changeSuccessorDate of successor's
formal installation[b]
Massachusetts (2)VacantHenry Wilson resigned in previous congress after becomingVice President of the United States.
Successorelected March 17, 1873.
George S. Boutwell (R)March 17, 1873
Mississippi (1)Adelbert Ames (R)Resigned March 17, 1873, after being electedGovernor of Mississippi.
Successorelected February 3, 1874.
Henry R. Pease (R)February 3, 1874
Kansas (2)Alexander Caldwell (R)Resigned March 24, 1873.
Successor appointed November 24, 1873.
Robert Crozier (R)November 24, 1873
California (1)Eugene Casserly (D)Resigned November 29, 1873.
Successorelected December 23, 1873.
John S. Hager (D)December 23, 1873
Kansas (2)Robert Crozier (R)Interim appointee retired when successorelected February 2, 1874.James M. Harvey (R)February 2, 1874
Massachusetts (1)Charles Sumner (LR)Died March 11, 1874.
Successorelected April 17, 1874.
William B. Washburn (R)April 17, 1874
Connecticut (1)William A. Buckingham (R)Died February 5, 1875.
Successor appointed February 5, 1875, having already beenelected to the next tern.
William W. Eaton (D)February 5, 1875

House of Representatives

[edit]
See also:List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives
House changes
DistrictVacated byReason for changeSuccessorDate of successor's
formal installation[b]
Louisiana 4thVacantRep-elect Samuel Peters died before taking seatGeorge L. Smith (R)November 24, 1873
Georgia 8thVacantRep-elect Ambrose R. Wright died before taking seatAlexander H. Stephens (D)December 1, 1873
New York 6thJames Brooks (D)Died April 30, 1873Samuel S. Cox (D)November 4, 1873
Massachusetts 3rdWilliam Whiting (R)Died June 29, 1873Henry L. Pierce (R)December 1, 1873
Oregon At-largeJoseph G. Wilson (R)Died July 2, 1873James Nesmith (D)December 1, 1873
Michigan 5thWilder D. Foster (R)Died September 20, 1873William B. Williams (R)December 1, 1873
Virginia 5thAlexander Davis (D)Lost contested election March 5, 1874Christopher Thomas (R)March 5, 1874
Georgia 1stMorgan Rawls (D)Lost contested election March 24, 1874Andrew Sloan (R)March 24, 1874
New York 9thDavid B. Mellish (R)Died May 23, 1874Richard Schell (D)December 7, 1874
Arkansas 3rdWilliam W. Wilshire (R)Lost contested election June 16, 1874Thomas M. Gunter (D)June 16, 1874
Ohio 12thHugh J. Jewett (D)Resigned June 23, 1874, after becoming President of theErie RailroadWilliam E. Finck (D)December 7, 1874
New York 3rdStewart L. Woodford (R)Resigned July 1, 1874Simeon B. Chittenden (IR)November 3, 1874
South Carolina 3rdRobert B. Elliott (R)Resigned November 1, 1874Lewis C. Carpenter (R)November 3, 1874
Illinois 1stJohn B. Rice (R)Died December 17, 1874Bernard G. Caulfield (D)February 1, 1875
Massachusetts 10thAlvah Crocker (R)Died December 26, 1874Charles A. Stevens (R)January 27, 1875
Pennsylvania 23rdEbenezer McJunkin (R)Resigned January 1, 1875John M. Thompson (R)January 5, 1875
Florida At-largeWilliam J. Purman (R)Resigned January 25, 1875VacantNot filled this term
Maine 4thSamuel F. Hersey (R)Died February 3, 1875VacantNot filled this term
Louisiana 1stJ. Hale Sypher (R)Lost contested election March 3, 1875Effingham Lawrence (D)March 3, 1875
Louisiana At-LargeVacantContested election originally won byPinckney PinchbackGeorge A.Sheridan (R)March 3, 1875

Committees

[edit]

Lists of committees and their party leaders for members of the House and Senate committees can be found through the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of this article. The directory after the pages of terms of service lists committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and, after that, House/Senate committee assignments. On the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.

Senate

[edit]

House of Representatives

[edit]

Joint committees

[edit]

Caucuses

[edit]

Employees

[edit]

Legislative branch agency directors

[edit]

Senate

[edit]

House of Representatives

[edit]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^Special session of the Senate.
  2. ^ab When seated or oath administered, not necessarily when service began.

References

[edit]
  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1989).The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1982).The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.

External links

[edit]
United States congresses (and year convened)
   
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