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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.257.446 |
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| Formula | C10H12ClNO |
| Molar mass | 197.66 g·mol−1 |
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| Melting point | 198 °C (388 °F) |
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4-Chloromethcathinone (also known as4-CMC andclephedrone) is astimulant drug of thecathinone class that has been sold online as adesigner drug.[1][2]
4-CMC produces similar effects tomephedrone, and has been sold as an alternative in countries where mephedrone was scheduled.
4-CMC produces similar side effects to mephedrone, including: increased blood pressure, tachycardia, hyperthermia, and anxiety.[3]
Its chemical structure closely resemblespara-chloromethamphetamine, raising concerns about its potential to readily induce cell death of serotonergic neurons. However, no neurotoxicity of this kind has been found to occur, but studies involving mice do indicate that it is neurotoxic through other mechanisms, similarly to other cathinones. 4-CMC is cytotoxic and inducesoxidative stress, more so than4-MMC.[4]
4-CMC mainly acts as aserotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agent (SNDRA), and partially as aserotonin-norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor (SNDRI), with similar potency to mephedrone[3]
| Drug | Release at DAT EC50 (nM) | Release at NET EC50 (nM) | Release at SERT EC50 (nM) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mephedrone (4-MMC) | 103 ± 16 | 83 ± 20 | 188 ± 22 |
| 4-CMC | 91 ± 11 | 99 ± 18 | 169 ± 20 |
| Drug | Uptake Inhibition at DAT IC50 (nM) | Uptake Inhibition at NET IC50 (nM) | Uptake Inhibition at SERT IC50 (nM) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mephedrone (4-MMC) | 769 ± 106 | 319 ± 40 | 600 ± 99 |
| 4-CMC | 1014 ± 78 | 559 ± 57 | 542 ± 38 |
4-CMC is anAnlage I controlled drug in Germany.
Sweden's public health agency suggested classifying 4-Chloromethcathinone (klefedron) as illegal narcotic on June 1, 2015.[5]
As of October 2015, 4-CMC is a controlled substance in China.[6]
4-CMC is considered a Schedule 1 substance in Virginia.[7]
In December 2019, theUNODC announced scheduling recommendations placing 4-CMC into Schedule II.[8]