320th Missile Squadron
LGM-30GMinuteman III test launch atVandenberg AFB, California
Active	1942–1946; 1947–1948; 1951–1960; 1964–present
Country	United States
Branch	United States Air Force
Type	Squadron
Role	Intercontinental ballistic missile
Part of	Air Force Global Strike Command
Garrison/HQ	Francis E. Warren Air Force Base
Nickname	Moby Dick (World War II)
Engagements	Southwest Pacific Theater
Decorations	Distinguished Unit Citation Air Force Outstanding Unit Award Philippine Presidential Unit Citation
Commanders
Current commander	Lt Col Michael "DIVA" Valdivia
Notable commanders	Lincoln D. Faurer
Insignia
320th Missile Squadron emblem[a][1]
Patch with 320th Strategic Reconnaissance Squadron emblem[b]
320th Bombardment Squadron emblem[c][2]
320th Bombardment Squadron "Jolly Rogers" patch[d]

The320th Missile Squadron is aUnited States Air Force unit. It is assigned to the90th Operations Group, stationed atF.E. Warren AFB, Wyoming. The 320 MS is equipped with theLGM-30G Minuteman IIIIntercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM), with a mission of nuclear deterrence.

Thesquadron was first organized as the320th Bombardment Squadron atKey Field, Mississippi in April 1942 as aConsolidated B-24 Liberator unit and one of the original squadrons of the90th Bombardment Group. The squadron trained with Liberators in the southeastern United States underIII Bomber Command until August.^[3][4]

The squadron moved toWillow Run Airport, Michigan for conversion training on newly manufactured Ford Liberators. Assigned toVII Bomber Command with B-24Ds, the unit moved toHickam Field, Hawaii in September. The squadron arrived in northernQueensland, Australia in November 1942 and began bombardment missions underV Bomber Command almost immediately.^[3]

The squadron attacked enemyairfields, troop concentrations, ground installations and shipping in New Guinea, theBismarck Archipelago,Palau and the southern Philippines. The squadron was awarded aDistinguished Unit Citation for its operations in Papua through January 1943. The unit participated in theBattle of Bismarck Sea in March 1943, and earned another citation for strikes on enemy airfields atWewak, New Guinea in September 1943 despite heavyflak andfighter opposition.^[3]

During 1944, the squadron took part in the New Guinea Campaign until the end of June, then made long-range raids on oil refineries atBalikpapan, Borneo, in September and October. In January 1945, the squadron moved to the Philippines and supported ground forces onLuzon, attacked industrial targets onFormosa, and bombed railways, airfields, and harbor facilities on the Asiatic mainland. Shortly before the end of the war in the Pacific, the 90th moved toOkinawa, from which it would be able to strike the Japanese home islands.^[3]

AfterVJ Day, the squadron flewreconnaissance missions over Japan and ferried Allied prisoners of war fromOkinawa toManila. It ceased operations by November 1945. The squadron was inactivated in the Philippines in early 1946.^[4]

The squadron was reactivated in July 1947 as a very heavy unit atAndrews Field, Maryland. It was a component of one of seven bombardment groups activated at Andrews byStrategic Air Command (SAC) that day. Most of these units, including the 320th, were inactivated by September 1948 and it does not appear they were manned during this period.^[4][5][6]

The squadron was again organized atFairchild Air Force Base, Washington in January 1951 and equipped with theBoeing B-29 Superfortress. In February, as part of a reorganization ofStrategic Air Command wings, the 90th Bombardment Group was reduced to paper status and the squadron was attached to the wing for operational control. In June 1952, this organization, which was designed to permit the wing commander to focus on the wing's combat units and the maintenance necessary to support combat aircraft, was formalized as the Dual Deputy Organization and the squadron was assigned to the wing.^[7][8]

In March 1951, the squadron moved toForbes Air Force Base, where it served primarily as a training unit. In May, it began serving as an Operational Training Unit for B-29aircrews and mechanics of newly-activating units. The squadron help organize and train the376th,308th, and310th Bombardment Wings.^[9][10][11]

In June, the squadron added duty as a Replacement Training Unit, primarily providing individual training for aircrew being assigned to existingFar East Air Forces B-29 units during theKorean War.^[12][f] In November 1952 it also began training replacement crews for the RB-29reconnaissance model of the Superfortress andSHORAN personnel forStrategic Air Command (SAC). These training activities continued through November 1953.^[7]

The squadron began to fly strategic reconnaissance missions in September 1953.^[7] The following year, it replaced its RB-29s with the jetBoeing RB-47 Stratojet, with the first B-47E arriving on 25 June, although crews had begun training in March.^[13] One year later, the squadron and the entire 90th Strategic Reconnaissance Wing deployed as a unit toEielson Air Force Base, Alaska from 5 May until 31 August 1955, where the wing performed the final mapping of Alaska.^[7][14] In May 1958, the 90th Wing returned to the training mission serving as a combat crew training wing for RB-47 aircrews until it was inactivated on 20 June 1960.^[7] The squadron's personnel and equipment were transferred to the44th Bombardment Squadron, which moved to Forbes on paper fromSchilling Air Force Base, Kansas the same day.^[15]

The squadron was reactivated on 8 January 1964 as anintercontinental ballistic missile squadron assigned to the90th Strategic Missile Wing atFrancis E. Warren Air Force Base, Wyoming, and equipped with fiftyLGM-30B Minuteman Is, armed with a single reentry vehicle. The squadron was the second of the 90th Wing's four Minuteman squadrons to activate, as construction on launch facilities continued until the middle of 1964. Beginning in June 1973, its Minuteman I missiles began to be replaced byLGM-30G Minuteman IIIs, which could carry up to three reentry vehicles.^[7][16] In 2001 in compliance with theStrategic Arms Reduction Treaty, these missiles were limited to a single reentry vehicle^[16]

In 1997 the squadron won theBlanchard Trophy as the best missile operations squadron at theGuardian Challenge missile competition. It also received awards that year for the best missile maintenance team and the best missile crew.^[17][g] In more recent competitions, the squadron won theSamuel C. Phillips Award as the best missile squadron inAir Force Space Command in 2005. It was awarded theNeary Trophy and theLinhard Trophy for best USAF missile crew in 2012.^[18]

• Constituted as the320 Bombardment Squadron (Heavy) on 28 January 1942

Activated on 15 April 1942

Redesignated320 Bombardment Squadron, Heavy on 6 March 1944

Inactivated on 27 January 1946

• Redesignated320 Bombardment Squadron, Very Heavy on 11 June 1947

Activated on 1 July 1947

Inactivated on 6 September 1948

• Redesignated320 Bombardment Squadron, Medium on 20 December 1950

Activated on 2 January 1951

Redesignated320 Strategic Reconnaissance Squadron, Medium on 16 June 1952

Discontinued on 20 June 1960

• Redesignated320 Strategic Missile Squadron (ICBM-Minuteman) on 30 July 1963 (not organized)

Organized on 8 January 1964

Redesignated320 Missile Squadron on 1 September 1991^[4]

• 90th Bombardment Group, 15 April 1942 – 27 January 1946
• 90th Bombardment Group, 1 July 1947 – 6 September 1948
• 90th Bombardment Group, 2 January 1951 (attached to90th Bombardment Wing after 16 February 1951)
• 90th Strategic Reconnaissance Wing, 16 June 1952 – 20 June 1960
• Strategic Air Command, 30 July 1963 (not organized)
• 90th Strategic Missile Wing, 8 January 1964
• 90th Operations Group, 1 September 1991 – present^[4]

Award streamer	Award	Dates	Notes
	Distinguished Unit Citation	c. 4 November 1942 – 23 January 1943	Papua, 320th Bombardment Squadron[4]
	Distinguished Unit Citation	13 and 15 September 1943	New Guinea, 320th Bombardment Squadron[4]
	Air Force Outstanding Unit Award	1 July 1968 – 30 June 1969	320th Strategic Missile Squadron[4]
	Air Force Outstanding Unit Award	1 July 1973 – 30 June 1975	320th Strategic Missile Squadron[4]
	Air Force Outstanding Unit Award	1 July 1982 – 30 June 1984	320th Strategic Missile Squadron[4]
	Air Force Outstanding Unit Award	1 July 1986 – 30 June 1988	320th Strategic Missile Squadron[4]
	Air Force Outstanding Unit Award	1 July 1987 – 30 June 1989	320th Strategic Missile Squadron[4]
	Air Force Outstanding Unit Award	1 August 1991 – 31 July 1993	320th Strategic Missile Squadron (later 320th Missile Squadron)[4]
	Air Force Outstanding Unit Award	1 October 1994–30 September 1995	320th Missile Squadron[4]
	Air Force Outstanding Unit Award	1 September 1996 – 31 August 1998	320th Missile Squadron[4]
	Air Force Outstanding Unit Award	1 October 1999–30 September 2000	320th Missile Squadron[4]
	Air Force Outstanding Unit Award	1 January 2001 – 31 December 2001	320th Missile Squadron[4]
	Air Force Outstanding Unit Award	1 October 2003–30 September 2005	320th Missile Squadron[4]
	Air Force Outstanding Unit Award	1 October 2005–30 September 2007	320th Missile Squadron[4]
	Air Force Outstanding Unit Award	1 October 2007–30 September 2008	320th Missile Squadron[4]
	Philippine Republic Presidential Unit Citation	17 October 1944 – 4 July 1945	320th Bombardment Squadron[4]

Campaign Streamer	Campaign	Dates	Notes
	Guadalcanal	c. 4 November 1942 – 21 February 1943	320th Bombardment Squadron[4]
	Papua	c. 4 November–23 January 1943	320th Bombardment Squadron[4]
	Northern Solomons	23 February 1943 – 21 November 1944	320th Bombardment Squadron[4]
	Bismarck Archipelago	15 December 1943 – 27 November 1944	320th Bombardment Squadron[4]
	New Guinea	24 January 1943 – 31 December 1944	320th Bombardment Squadron[4]
	Leyte	17 October 1944 – 1 July 1945	320th Bombardment Squadron[4]
	Luzon	15 December 1944 – 4 July 1945	320th Bombardment Squadron[4]
	Southern Philippines	27 February 1945 – 4 July 1945	320th Bombardment Squadron[4]
	China Defensive	November 1942 – 4 May 1945	320th Bombardment Squadron[4]
	China Offensive	5 May 1945 – 2 September 1945	320th Bombardment Squadron[4]
	Air Offensive, Japan	November 1942–2 September 1945	320th Bombardment Squadron[4]
	Western Pacific	17 April 1944 – 2 September 1945	320th Bombardment Squadron[4]

41°07′59″N104°52′01″W / 41.13306°N 104.86694°W /41.13306; -104.86694 (Francis E. Warren AFB)

• List of United States Air Force missile squadrons
• 320th Missile Squadron Launch Facilities
• B-24 Liberator units of the United States Army Air Forces

Explanatory notes

Citations

 This article incorporatespublic domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency

• Deaile, Melvin G. (2007).The SAC Mentality: The Origins of Organizational Culture in Strategic Air Command 1946–1962. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina. Retrieved14 February 2015.
• Endicott, Judy G. (1998).Active Air Force Wings as of 1 October 1995 and USAF Active Flying, Space, and Missile Squadrons as of 1 October 1995(PDF). Air Force History and Museums Program. Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History.ASIN B000113MB2. Retrieved2 July 2014.
• Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1983) [1961].Air Force Combat Units of World War II(PDF) (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History.ISBN 0-912799-02-1.LCCN 61060979. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 20 December 2016.
• Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1982) [1969].Combat Squadrons of the Air Force, World War II(PDF) (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History.ISBN 0-405-12194-6.LCCN 70605402.OCLC 72556. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 20 December 2016.
• Ravenstein, Charles A. (1984).Air Force Combat Wings, Lineage & Honors Histories 1947–1977. Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History.ISBN 0-912799-12-9.
• Watkins, Robert A. (2013).Insignia and Aircraft Markings of the U.S. Army Air Force in World War II. Vol. V, Pacific Theater of Operations. Atglen, PA: Shiffer Publishing, Ltd.ISBN 978-0-7643-4346-9.
• "90th Missile Wing Heritage"(PDF). Office of History 90th Missile Wing. Retrieved9 May 2016.

• Kirk, Jim."Warren AFB Minuteman Missile Site Coordinates". ASUW Link. Archived fromthe original on 25 June 2014. Retrieved31 May 2016.
• Fields, Dave."Minuteman Missile: A Tribute to the ICBM Program". Dave Fields. Archived fromthe original on 7 July 2016. Retrieved7 July 2016.

• Military units and formations in Wyoming
• Missile squadrons of the United States Air Force
• 1942 establishments in Mississippi

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